physical and chemical changes. properties of matter all pure substances have characteristic...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Physical and Chemical Changes. Properties of Matter All pure substances have characteristic properties Properties are used to distinguish between substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062417/55157ed555034691418b554e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Physical and Chemical Changes
![Page 2: Physical and Chemical Changes. Properties of Matter All pure substances have characteristic properties Properties are used to distinguish between substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062417/55157ed555034691418b554e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Properties of Matter•All pure substances have
characteristic properties
•Properties are used to distinguish between substances
•Properties are also used to separate substances
![Page 3: Physical and Chemical Changes. Properties of Matter All pure substances have characteristic properties Properties are used to distinguish between substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062417/55157ed555034691418b554e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Physical Properties
•A Physical Property is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substance
•Physical properties describe the substance itself
•Examples▫Changes of State▫Color▫Mass, shape, length▫Magnetic properties
![Page 4: Physical and Chemical Changes. Properties of Matter All pure substances have characteristic properties Properties are used to distinguish between substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062417/55157ed555034691418b554e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
States of Matter•There are three common states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas
![Page 5: Physical and Chemical Changes. Properties of Matter All pure substances have characteristic properties Properties are used to distinguish between substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062417/55157ed555034691418b554e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Solids•Definite shape and definite volume•Particles are packed tightly together and held in fixed positions
•Particles vibrate about fixed points
![Page 6: Physical and Chemical Changes. Properties of Matter All pure substances have characteristic properties Properties are used to distinguish between substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062417/55157ed555034691418b554e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Liquids•Definite volume•Takes the shape of its container
▫Example: Milk in a glass vs. Milk in a gallon jug
•Particles can move past each other (fluid)▫Fluid – Anything that can be poured
•Particles move more rapidly than in a solid
![Page 7: Physical and Chemical Changes. Properties of Matter All pure substances have characteristic properties Properties are used to distinguish between substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062417/55157ed555034691418b554e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Gases•No definite shape, takes the shape of
its container•No definite volume•Particles are spread far apart and move
past each other rapidly
![Page 8: Physical and Chemical Changes. Properties of Matter All pure substances have characteristic properties Properties are used to distinguish between substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062417/55157ed555034691418b554e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Chemical Properties•A Chemical Property
indicates how a substance will react with another
•Chemical properties cannot be determined without changing the identity of the substance
•Examples:▫Iron Rusting▫Silver Tarnishing
![Page 9: Physical and Chemical Changes. Properties of Matter All pure substances have characteristic properties Properties are used to distinguish between substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062417/55157ed555034691418b554e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Physical Changes•A Physical Change is a change in a
substance that does not alter the substance’s identity▫Examples:
Grinding Cutting Melting Boiling
![Page 10: Physical and Chemical Changes. Properties of Matter All pure substances have characteristic properties Properties are used to distinguish between substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062417/55157ed555034691418b554e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Chemical Changes•A change in which one or more
substances are converted into different substances is called a Chemical Change
•Signs of a Chemical Change:▫Color Change▫Gas is Released▫Temperature Change▫Precipitate – Solid falls out of solution▫Substance Disappears
![Page 11: Physical and Chemical Changes. Properties of Matter All pure substances have characteristic properties Properties are used to distinguish between substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062417/55157ed555034691418b554e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Intensive vs. Extensive Properties•Extensive properties depend on
the amount of matter that is present▫Examples: Energy in a substance,
Volume, Mass
• Intensive properties do not depend on the amount of matter present▫Examples: Density, Melting Point,
Boiling Point
![Page 12: Physical and Chemical Changes. Properties of Matter All pure substances have characteristic properties Properties are used to distinguish between substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062417/55157ed555034691418b554e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Qualitative vs. Quantitative Measurements
•Qualitative measurements are descriptive▫Examples:
Physical State, Color, Shape, Sound, Smell
•Quantitative measurements are numerical▫Examples:
Length, Mass, Volume, Density