Tell whether the set of words is a clause or a phrase. Write P if it is a phrase; C if it is a clause.

 ___ 1. Talking during the test___ 2. where we want to stay. ___ 3. The bus came late because the

driver doesn’t know the way. ___ 4. The houses hit by the tsunami___ 5. to drink every morning.  

___ 6. that mother bought two days ago

___ 7. The students playing basketball in the gym

___ 8. Since there were no traffic

___ 9. to check if the class listened

___ 10. if the teacher discusses it enthusiastically.

PhraseClause

PHRASE MODIFIERS

Participial Phrase

Infinitive Phrase

PARTCIPIAL PHRASES

adjective function past/ present participle form of the verb

examples: The company executives were satisfied

with the performance shown by FEU-EAC students.

Thinking about Filipino traditional games, ‘Team Butchokoy’ designed their own mobile application.

UNDERLINE THE PARTICIPIAL PHRASE, THEN DRAW AN ARROW TO THE NOUN IT MODIFIES.

1. The woman wandering down the street was sent to mental facility.

2. Startled by the noise, the birds flew away.

3. The patrons were satisfied with the services provided by the food chain.

4. Julius, studying for the examination, took note of the pointers for review.

5. Noah saw his girlfriend preparing a surprise party.

GERUND VS PARTICIPLE

A. Walking in the morning releases my stress.

B. The walking robot made Sophie’s sister smile.

GERUND VS PARTICIPLE

A. The growling of the tiger scared the tourists.

B. The growling tigers scared the tourists.

VERB VS PARTICIPLE

A. Prepared for their presentation today, Jolo came to class early.

B. The class prepared for a quiz in ENSP703 today.

VERB VS PARTICIPLE

A. The web design evaluated by IT professionals was chosen for the new website of FEU-EAC.

B. The IT Department Chair evaluated the web designs of fourth year students.

PRESENT PARTICIPLE VS

PAST PARTICIPLE

***Use present participle if the implied action is done by the noun it modifies

***Use past participle if the implied action is acted upon the noun it modifies

Taking about his future, Kevin shared to his friends that he wants to go abroad after graduation.

The People’s Champ was welcomed by the waving college students.

Flying 2000ft above the ground, the sky divers jumped out of the plane.

***Use present participle if the implied action is done by the noun it modifies

I accidentally stepped on broken glass in the third floor.

Impressed by the design, the board of the directors approved the project.

Dieticians suggest eating half cooked vegetables.

***Use past participle if the implied action is acted upon the noun it modifies

Complete the sentence with the appropriate participle to modify the noun in the sentence.

1. The canteen is serving ___________________ (bake) macaroni and other pasta dishes.

2. The ___________________ (beam) light of the sports car was the cause of the accident.

3. ___________________ (hand- make) souvenir items are more expensive than the other one.

4. Gino was scolded because of his ___________________ (stain) uniform.

5. The first year students are delivering a ___________________ (prepare) speech.

BEGINNING PARTICIPIAL PHRASES

Impressed by the design, the board of the directors approved the project.

Complying with the National Building Code, Derek recommended to revise the initial plan.

Prepared for their presentation today, Jolo came to class

MIDDLE PARTICIPIAL PHRASES

Essential : noun modified is not specific : no comma Non-essential : noun modified is specific : with comma

Gideon, taking up BS IT Major in Web and Mobile Applications Design, is a scholar of SM.

The website designed by the graduates of East Asia College is chosen as the winner in ‘Web Design Contest’ sponsored by Google.

ENDING PARTICIPIAL PHRASES

Essential : noun modified is not specific : no comma Non-essential : noun modified is specific : with comma

The class passed the experiment testing our understanding of chemical reaction.

The class attended the make up class in ENSP 703, facilitated by Mr. Quedado.

INSERT THE GIVEN PARTICIPIAL PHRASE TO MODIFY A NOUN IN THE GIVEN SENTENCE.

1. Our group designed an environmental waste water system.

(considering the problem on water pollution)

2. The ‘Sipa’ mobile application was first published in iTunes.

(designed by Filipino IT professionals)

3. IT students of FEU-EAC are hired by the 2FunGuys Inc.

(wanting to form the best team)

4. The IT students of East Asia College have wide range of experience. (trained by the best professors)

5. The conference was attended by IT professionals.

(wanting to create their own mobile application)

1. Ron is preparing for his speech in English.

2. The maintenance personnel should be acknowledged even with a simple greeting.

3. Jolovem solved the word problem.

4. The students stayed in the computer laboratory.

5. IT students are in demand nowadays.

Expand the following sentences by adding a participial phrase modifying the underlined noun.

Infinitives/ infinitive phrase

(noun, adjective, adverb function)to + base form of the verb

examples:To act as the foreman for a day is challenging

for an engineering fresh graduate.

Our group has a project to submit by the end of the week.

Companies tie up with universities and colleges to hire the best engineering students.

TELL WHETHER THE UNDERLINED GROUP OF WORDS IS AN INFINITIVE OR PREPOSITION.

_________1. To perform in a huge crowd makes Danilo’s knees shake so much.

_________2. I am going to my office after breakfast.

_________3. The store manager expected the crew to serve the customers with proper respect.

_________4. Gina is looking forward to see his cousins from Canada.

_________5. Catholics go to church at least once a week.

 

1. Bill came early to inform the team that the company will hire a consultant.

2. The consultant came to double-check the project.

3. We have a project design to submit next month.

4. The child was afraid to tell the truth.

5. The number to call for food delivery is out of coverage area.

 

Underline the infinitive phrase; then draw an arrow to the word it modifies. Tell whether it functions as an adjective or an adverb.

1. Fred was frightened. (to be alone in the house)

2. He still has a report. (to finish before midnight)

3. Fred will go to office early. (to advise his group members)

Look for the word that the infinitive phrase modifies in the sentence. Rewrite the sentence by placing the infinitive phrase near or beside the word that it modifies.

4. The group is well-prepared. (to report about the revisions in the proposal)

5. Mr. Estallo asked questions. (to clarify some points in the

proposal)

1. The NSTP students have things.

2. They should be in school at 6:30am.

3. The facilitators assigned a body system.

4. Group 10 left late.

5. Mr. Ramirez has some reminders.

Expand the given sentences with an appropriate infinitive phrase. Rewrite the whole sentence.

REFERENCES:

Luna, J.M. and Sena, M.S. (2011). Skill Builders for English Proficiency 9. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

Sabin , W. A. (2005). The Gregg Reference Manual. 10th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Serrano, J.B. and Lapid, M.G. (2001). English Communication Arts and Skills through Afro-Asian Literature. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

Tagay, Lourna V. and Brutas, M.L.Z. (2009). Journeying through Language and Literature II with Afro-Asian Literary Text. Makati City: Don Bosco Press, Inc.