PHARMACY PRACtICE IN INDIA

Dr. ANANDA KUMAR.CH M.Pharm, Ph.D

H.O.D OF PHARMACEUTICSLYDIA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY

Contents

• Definition • Requirements of GPP• Roles of pharmacist in GPP• drug information services• Resources of DI • Updated resources • Medication errors and types• patient counselling• counselling must be

DEFINITION OF GOOD PHARMACY PRACTICE.

• GPP is the practice of pharmacy that responds to the needs of the people who use the pharmacists' services to provide optimal, evidence-based care.

REQUIREMENTS OF GOOD PHARMACY PRACTICE

• The core of pharmacy activity is to help patients make the best use of medicines, through;

• The supply of medication and other health care products of assured quality.

• The provision of appropriate information and advice to the patients.

• Administration of medication.• The monitoring of the effects of medication use.• The promotion of rational and economic prescribing as

well as dispensing.

• GPP requires that the objective of each element of pharmacy

service is relevant to the patient, is clearly defined and is

effectively communicated to all those involved

• Multidisciplinary collaboration (TEAM WORK) among health

care professionals is the key factor for successfully improving

patient safety.

Good Pharmacy Practice requires that a pharmacist's first concern must be the welfare of the patients in all settings.

Good Pharmacy Practice requires that the core of the pharmacy activity is the supply of medication and other health care products, of assured quality, appropriate information and advice for the patient, and monitoring the effects of their use.

Good Pharmacy Practice requires that an integral part of the pharmacist's contribution is the promotion of rational and economic prescribing and appropriate medicine use.

Good Pharmacy Practice requires that the objective of each element of pharmacy service is relevant to the individual, is clearly defined and is effectively communicated to all those involved.

ROLES OF PHARMACIST IN GPP

• Prepare, obtain, store, secure, distribute, administer, dispense

and dispose of medical products

• Provide effective medication therapy management

• Maintain and improve professional performance

• Contribute to improve effectiveness of the health care system

and public health.

A STEP FORWARD…….

• PHARMACIST (dispensing) MUST GETS SPECIALIZED IN

• Drug information services

• Medication error

• Patient counselling

DRUG INFORMATION SERVICES

Services which cover the activities of specially trained

individual to provide accurate, unbiased, factual information in

response to patient oriented drug problems that are received

from health care professionals.

The drug information center is a services offered through

pharmacy department which provides advice and act as a

referral service by directing the best available resource to

respond to query to concern.

SIMPLE LOGIC……

• "Knowledge is of two kinds. We know a subject ourselves, or

we know where we can find information upon it. When we

enquire into any subject, the first thing we have to do is to

know what books have treated of it. This leads us to look at

catalogues, and at the backs of books in libraries."

— Samuel Johnson (Boswell's Life of Johnson)

RESOURCES OF DI

• PRIMARY RESOURCES: research papers/ journal articles/

case reports

• SECONDARY RESOURCE: abstracts, review articles,

indexing services such as DRUGDEX, drug information

database and abstracting MEDLINE, MICROMEDIX, etc….

• TERTIARY RESOURCES: text books on various aspects of

drug use and practical guidelines.

Updated resources

Micromedex

FDA website

Medscape

webMD

Drugs.com (drug interaction Checker)

WHO guidelines

EBSCO journal services

What kind of information

New drug or its product information/ identification.

Contraindications/ safety.

ADR/ DI

Efficacy/ treatment/ choice of drug

Pregnancy/ lactation/ pediatrics

Drug profile/ indications/ dosage/ pharmacokinetic information

Toxicology

Counselling information

•

MEDICATION ERRORS

• Almost everyone in the modern world takes medication at one

time or another.

• Most Of The Time Medications Are Beneficial.

• But some occasion they do harmful effects (side effects) which

is adverse drug events.

• But sometimes the harm is caused by an error in prescribing or

dispensing or administration of medication.

types

• PRISCRIBING ERRORS • TRANSCRIBING ERRORS• DISPENSING ERRORS• ADMINISTRATION ERRORS

PATIENT COUNSELLING…..

• “It is the pharmacist responsibility to ensure the patient

receives the required information for the quality use of

medicine. Counselling implies the communication of

information that would encourage therapeutic outcome”

When there is a need?

• The patient is new to the pharmacy

• The medication is new to the patient or there is a change in

strength from a previous prescription

• A prescription is for a child

• Where there is a lack of inadequate directions for use

• A prescription for a drug with a narrow therapeutic index or a

prescription for a controlled drug (methotrexate, warfarin,

digoxin, phenytoin).

Counselling must be …

Listen to the patient

Speak distinctly and clearly

Use open ended questions

What is the need for using this medication?

When are you going to take the medication?

What side effects might you experience?

What will you do if that occurs?

What will you do if you miss a dose?

Regarding drugs

Name of medication , dose, dosageform, schedule

List precautions: Eg., use sunscreen, avoid milk

How to administer (PO,IM etc.) (before / after food)

Special directions (storage, dilution)

Necessary lab tests

GIVE WRITTEN INFORMATION TO PATIENTS (IF POSSIBLE)

COUNSELLING REGARDING LIFE STYLE MODIFICATION

Do regular checkups- BP, Blood sugar level, ECG and lipid

profile

Have a brisk walking at least for 30min/day

Take more of fruits, carbohydrates,

Reduce salt intake.

Avoid fat containing food.