Pgs 72-80 Reading Quiz

• Explain how this picture relates to the assigned readings using evidence from the reading– Before you ask: NO

you can’t use your books!!!

Early Slavery

Origins of Slavery

• Slavery goes as far back as 1800 bce– Code of Hammurabi

• Civilizations have used various forms of slavery– Warfare most common

• New World Slavery– Comes from lack of labor

• Mines and cultivation of cash crops

• Curse of Ham

Origins in the Colonies• Chesapeake Bay

– Slavery began very small• 4,500 in 1640

– Growth of Tobacco industry demands labor• Indentured servitude did not provide the labor force• Native-Americans

– Unwilling and cold escape easily

• Blacks– Terms of service never expired– Could not escape– “accustomed” to agricultural work– Resistance to disease

The English

• Viewed alien people with disdain– Modern views of race did not exist– Division between civilized and uncivilized or

Christianity and heathenism

• West Indies– Majority worked sugar plantation in Carribean– Population growth

• The America’s– Slow start because of price

European Views

Triangle Trade

The Middle Passage

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Africa and the Trade

• Few African societies opted out of the trade

• European goods– Textiles and guns

• Kingdoms– Ashanti and Dahomey– With European goods, kingdoms expanded

• Captured prisoners sent to factories on the coast• Sold into slavery

American Slavery• Chesapeake

– Tobacco farming • Increased demand meant increased supply

– Small farms turn into large plantations– Spreads west as does slavery– By 1770 there are 270,000 slaves

– Work• Males- worked fields but also served as teamsters,

boatmen, worked in skilled crafts (blacksmiths)• Women- seamstresses, dairy maids, personal

servants, wet nurses, etc.

– Law• Enhanced control over slaves• Enhanced restrictions on freedom• Increasingly becomes about color

• Southern Slavery– Rice production dominates the South

• This will eventually change to cotton• Enitially used Native-Americans• Early slaves had more freedoms, but as rice

increased so did restrictions

• Georgia

• Northern Slavery– Slavery not essential to northern economies– One or two slaves was the norm

• Farm hands, artisans, dock workers, personal servants

– No threat meant less restrictions• Marriages, punishment, court

Slave Culture• Not one people

– Only later would Africans recognize their unity– Came from different regions of Africa

• Different languages, beliefs, cultures, religions

– Chesapeake• Climate allowed reproduction• Exposure to white culture

– Religion and language

– South Carolina• Harsh climate, less contact with whites• Larger cities, sexual relations

Resistance

• Runaway slaves

• Passive Resistance– Breaking work tools, taking time

• Rebellion– 1st in New York in 1712– 1730-1741

• Imperial conflicts led to revolts across the West Indies and America

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