What is Personality?What is Personality?

“ “ The some total of The some total of ways in which an ways in which an individual reacts individual reacts and interacts with and interacts with others”others”

Personality Determinants Personality Determinants

Heredity Heredity Environment Environment Situation Situation

Personality TraitsPersonality Traits

““Enduring Enduring characteristics characteristics that describe an that describe an individual’s individual’s behavior”behavior”

Sixteen Primary TraitsSixteen Primary Traits

Reserved Reserved Less intelligentLess intelligent Tough minded Tough minded Uncontrolled Uncontrolled Relaxed Relaxed Practical Practical Serious Serious Conservative Conservative

Outgoing Outgoing More intelligent More intelligent Sensitive Sensitive Controlled Controlled Tense Tense Imaginative Imaginative Happy-go-lucky Happy-go-lucky experimenting experimenting

The Big Five Personality The Big Five Personality Model Model

Extraversion Extraversion Agreeableness Agreeableness Conscientiousness Conscientiousness Emotional stability Emotional stability Openness to Openness to

experience experience

ExtraversionExtraversion

A personality A personality dimension dimension describing describing someone who is someone who is sociable, sociable, gregarious, and gregarious, and assertive assertive

Agreeableness Agreeableness

A personality A personality dimension that dimension that describe someone describe someone who is good-who is good-natured, natured, cooperative, and cooperative, and trusting.trusting.

ConscientiousnessConscientiousness

A personality A personality dimension that dimension that describe someone describe someone who is responsible, who is responsible, dependable, dependable, persistent, and persistent, and organized. organized.

Emotional stabilityEmotional stability

A personality A personality dimension that dimension that characterizes characterizes someone as calm, someone as calm, self-confident, self-confident, secure (positive) secure (positive) verses nervous, verses nervous, depressed, and depressed, and insecure (negative).insecure (negative).

Openness to experienceOpenness to experience

A personality A personality dimension that dimension that characterizes characterizes someone in terms someone in terms of imaginativeness, of imaginativeness, artistic, sensitivity, artistic, sensitivity, and and intellectualism. intellectualism.

Mayers-Briggs Type Mayers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBIT)Indicator (MBIT)

A personality test that taps four A personality test that taps four characteristics and classified people characteristics and classified people into one of 16 personality types.into one of 16 personality types.

Extraversion/ Introversion (E or I)Extraversion/ Introversion (E or I) Sensing/ Intuiting (S or N)Sensing/ Intuiting (S or N) Thinking/ Feeling (T or F)Thinking/ Feeling (T or F) Judging/ Perceiving (J-P)Judging/ Perceiving (J-P)

Major Personality Major Personality attributes influencing O.Battributes influencing O.B

Locus of control (Internal/ external)Locus of control (Internal/ external) Self-esteem Self-esteem Self-monitoring Self-monitoring Risk-taking Risk-taking Person-situation interaction Person-situation interaction

Locus of control Locus of control

The degree to which people believe The degree to which people believe that they are masters of their own fate. that they are masters of their own fate.

Internals:Internals: Individual who believe that Individual who believe that they control what happens to them.they control what happens to them.

Externals: Externals: Individual who believe that Individual who believe that what happens to them is controlled by what happens to them is controlled by outside forces such as luck or chance. outside forces such as luck or chance.

Self-esteemSelf-esteem: Individuals’ degree of : Individuals’ degree of liking or disliking of themselves. liking or disliking of themselves.

Self-monitoring:Self-monitoring: A personality trait A personality trait that measures an individual’s ability that measures an individual’s ability to adjust his or her behavior to to adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors. external, situational factors.

Types of personalityTypes of personality

Type A personality Type A personality Type B personality Type B personality

The personality-job fit The personality-job fit theorytheory

Identifies six personality types and Identifies six personality types and proposes that the fit between proposes that the fit between personality type occupational personality type occupational environment determines satisfaction environment determines satisfaction and turnover. and turnover.

Holland’s Typology of Holland’s Typology of personality and congruent personality and congruent

occupationsoccupations

RealisticRealistic Investigative Investigative Social Social Conventional Conventional Enterprising Enterprising Artistic Artistic