Peripheral NeuropathyPeripheral Neuropathy

Peripheral NeuropathyPeripheral Neuropathy

DEFINITION:DEFINITION: It is inflammation and degeneration of It is inflammation and degeneration of

the peripheral nerves and/or the the peripheral nerves and/or the cranial nerves resulting in cranial nerves resulting in impairment of the conductivity of impairment of the conductivity of these nervesthese nerves

Classification of NeuropathyClassification of Neuropathy

1- Mononeuropathy:1- Mononeuropathy:2- Mononeuropathy multiplex:2- Mononeuropathy multiplex:3- Polyneuropathy:3- Polyneuropathy:

CAUSES OF MONONEUROPATHYCAUSES OF MONONEUROPATHY::

1- Trauma: 1- Trauma: wrong injection into a nerve, wrong injection into a nerve, callus compression.callus compression.

2- Infective: 2- Infective: leprosy, herpes zoster.leprosy, herpes zoster.3- Vascular: 3- Vascular: polyarteritis nodosa.polyarteritis nodosa.4- Metabolic: 4- Metabolic: diabetes mellilus.diabetes mellilus.

CAUSES OF POLYNEUROPATHYCAUSES OF POLYNEUROPATHY

I-HeridofamilialI-Heridofamilial::1- Hypertrophic interstitial polyneuropathy.1- Hypertrophic interstitial polyneuropathy.2- Peroneal muscle atrophy.2- Peroneal muscle atrophy.3- Refsum's disease.3- Refsum's disease.

Clinical Picture of polyneuropathyClinical Picture of polyneuropathy

A- A- Motor:Motor:

B- Sensory:B- Sensory:  

Glove

Stock

Hypothesia

C-Autonomic:C-Autonomic:

Vasomotor:Vasomotor: coldness and cyanosis of coldness and cyanosis of the limbs.the limbs.

Cutaneous:Cutaneous: loss of hair, brittle nails, loss of hair, brittle nails, trophic ulcers.trophic ulcers.

Specific Types of PolyneuropathySpecific Types of Polyneuropathy

I- PERONEAL MUSCLE ATROPHYI- PERONEAL MUSCLE ATROPHY

Peroneal muscle AtrophyPeroneal muscle Atrophy

Inverted Champagne-bottle appearance

Diabetic NeuropathyDiabetic Neuropathy Pathogenesis:Pathogenesis:

Diabetic microangiopathy of the vasa Diabetic microangiopathy of the vasa nervosa.nervosa.

Ischaemia of the nerves, 2ry to Ischaemia of the nerves, 2ry to atherosclerosis of the vasa nervosa.atherosclerosis of the vasa nervosa.

Treatment of Diabetic NeuropathyTreatment of Diabetic Neuropathy

Proper management of diabetes: diet, Proper management of diabetes: diet, oral hypoglycaemic drugs or insulin.oral hypoglycaemic drugs or insulin.

VilaminsB1 100 mg daily, B6 200 mg VilaminsB1 100 mg daily, B6 200 mg daily, Bdaily, B1212 1000 1000 mg mg daily.daily.

Acute Infective PolyneuropathyAcute Infective Polyneuropathy Landary-Guillan-Barre SyndromeLandary-Guillan-Barre Syndrome

AetiologAetiology:y:

It is due to an allergic or auto-immune It is due to an allergic or auto-immune reaction secondary to a previous non-reaction secondary to a previous non-specific virus infection.specific virus infection.

Clinical PictureClinical Picture

1-Febrile stage:1-Febrile stage:

2-Latent stage:2-Latent stage:

3-Paralytic stage: 3-Paralytic stage: 

PN Testing for diagnosisPN Testing for diagnosis

The EMG test itself:The EMG test itself: Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS)Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS) EMG (Needle portion)EMG (Needle portion)

Treatment of Guillain Barre SyndromeTreatment of Guillain Barre Syndrome

Thank youThank you