Performance BiB Transport Work Group Meeting

Düsseldorf 19.3.07

Introduction

Laura West

Agenda

17.00 Patrick Shea welcomes 17.10 Laura West welcomes and summarises a) previous objectives b) obtained results c) future objectives d) working methods 18.00 Questions and discussions 18.45 Grouping of participants 19.00 Ideas for future work procedures aiming at publication in 2008 Planning of next meeting Identification of goals before that time 19.45 Future Cooperation – exceeding the frame of Performance BiB 20.00 Dinner

Objectives as of Nov. 2005

1 Test parameters materials

2 Gas detectors for container selection

3 Naphthalene threshold

4 Models for transport simulation

5 Temperature and humidity during transport

6 Analysis of barrier properties of used materials

Status on Test parameters 2005-2007• EU legislation is getting stricter

• 2002/72/EC + ammendments (e.g. 2005/79/EC and 2004/19/EC) (plastic materials and food)

• CIR 9312 of 16.5.2006 (materials and objects)• Reg. 1935/2004 (materials)• Announcement 426 of 10.5.06 (materials + food stuffs)

Responsibility now lies with any distributor of materials for contact with food stuffs if contact is just remotely foreseeable

• REACH is being implemented (2007)– General awareness is raised, and ingredients are removed from the

market

• Various food safety projects funded by the EU

The entire matter is thoroughly being looked into by the EU - where the legislative power lies - and therefore has a lower priority in Performance BiB

Status Gas detectors for Contaminants

• Aim is to develope a barrier which excludes contaminants

• We continue to see problems with contaminants – not only naphthalene

• Concentration of contaminants extremely low and hard to measure

• Gas detectors often not very specific

Therefore this has not had high priority

Status on Models for transport simulation

• Tough task;

– Hapag-Lloyd has been indicating figures describing enormous power, e.g.

• 250 rolling movements/hour• Movements in extreme conditions up to 30°• 20 m fall in 20 seconds

– Praxis tests under real conditions are still the way tests are done

– Braid – flexitankproducer - has been invited to join our group

Status °C and RH during transport / transit

• Some work has been done by V&S / Hillebrand• In general, shipping appears to be a smaller problem than land

transport / transit

• Some work has been done by Gilles Doyon, Canada

• A number of group members is particularly interested in these aspects (but may not be present here today)

– More must follow – Doyon suggests introducing GPS

– Evaporation trial V&S, running

Status Barrier properties used materialsSome work has been done. Measurements as shown below mainly show that analysis conditions are not uniform and comparisons are therefore hard to make More analyses are on the way (Amcor) Barrier type EVOH

Specifications / conditions

New material analysis

Used material analysis I

Used material analysis II

Flexitank barrier < 2,5 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 75% RH

1,7 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

2,0 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

2,87 cc/m2 x 24h 20°C, 75% RH

4,5 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

2,85 cc/m2 x 24h 20°C, 75% RH

4,6 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

BIB barrier < 0,5 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 50% RH

0,9 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

0,9 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

1,0 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

1,0 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

Future grouping of objectives I

1a. Barrier properties Evaporation trial - V&S – anyone else? Analysis of used barriers – Amcor Flexcracking of laminated and/or folded metal foils – Gilles Doyon; others? 2 barriers – EVOH + aluminium – experience? New barrier materials – a) lamination of aluminium - b) nylon - c) nanotechnology

Any comments / experience / research / expectations?

1b. Exposures and contaminants Contamination in container from previously transported goods

container floors container paints

Fumigation of containers – Article available from Soren Gronlund Intensive Dutch study can be downloaded Dog use for tracing naphthalene and others?

Future grouping of objectives II

2. Transport conditions

Temperatures – time and use of GPS – some work by V&S, some by Gilles Doyon More must follow Humidity – as above

3. Other movements during transport (train and high sea)

Vibrations Mechanical Mechanical properties of bag / tank: Development of tank

Future work in sub-groups

All groups:

– Systematic analysis – risk identification

– Systematic proposal of solutions – risk management

– Systematic sampling and analysis of wines and packagings• Proof, evidence and indications

– Photographic, empirical and research records

• Publication 2008

Method: Risk identificationIdentification of:

1) Potential risk factors and their sources 2) Assessment of risk

3) Background and reason for assessment

4) Measurements (to be) taken

Potential risk factors and sources

Assessment Reason Assessment Measurements

Consequence No occurence

Hardly propable

Probable Highly probable

None

Small

Medium

Considerable

Consequence No occurence

Hardly propable

Probable Highly probable

None

Small

Medium

Considerable

Future group: Barrier properties

• Analysis of used barriers

• Evaporation trial

• Flexcracking of laminated / folded foils

• 2 barriers – EVOH + aluminium

• New barrier materials– Lamination of aluminum– Nylon– Nanotechnology

Future group: Analysis of used barriersPresent results from within the work group (as stated) Supplementary information available from earlier research carried out by INRA Barrier type EVOH

Specifications / conditions

New material analysis

Used material analysis I

Used material analysis II

Flexitank barrier < 2,5 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 75% RH

1,7 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

2,0 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

2,87 cc/m2 x 24h 20°C, 75% RH

4,5 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

2,85 cc/m2 x 24h 20°C, 75% RH

4,6 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

BIB barrier < 0,5 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 50% RH

0,9 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

0,9 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

1,0 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

1,0 cc/m2 x 24h 23°C, 0% RH

Parameters must be comparable. We need more material At time of analysis, barriers must be freshly used and not dried after use. Other means of analysis may be sought

Presently: Evaporation trial V&S Start 28.2.07 Weight 14.3.07 Reduction kg/m2

WARM Var. 1 41,15 kg 40,30 kg 0,85/1,0952 kg/m2 = 0,776 Var. 3 28,05 kg 27,95 kg 0,1/0,684 kg/m2 = 0,146 Var. 5 23,70 kg 23,65 kg 0,05/0,6678 kg/m2 = 0,334 Var. 7 Alu! 24,10 kg 23,85 kg 0,25/0,6912 kg/m2 = 0,361 Var. 9 10,70 kg 2,70 kg 8/0,416 kg / m2 = 19,231

COLD Var. 2 44,55 kg 44,10 kg 0,45/1,0952 kg/m2 = 0,411 Var. 4 17,45 kg 17,40 kg 0,05/0,7056 kg/m2 = 0,071 Var. 6 17,30 kg 17,20 kg 0,1/0,693 kg/m2 = 0,144 Temperatures Warm: Approx 35-36°C Temperatures Cold: Approx 21-22°C Test is carried out in mini-flexitanks supplied by flexitank producers. Not all fittings are tight. Not all welds are tight. Some minitanks are in good condition. Var. 9 is leaking.

Future Work Group Flexcracking

• Work mainly done by Giles Doyon

• Work done by film and bag producers

• Can anyone supply data?

Two Barriers and Nanotechnology

• Experience, anyone?

Future focus: Exposures and contaminants

• Information from shipper: Container paints always contain naphthalene – new containers therefore worst

• Other possible sources:• Contamination in container from previously transported goods• Container floors – MUST be treated prior to fitting into container• Container paints contain naphthalene

• Fumigation of containers– Article from Soren Gronlund– Dutch Study (Amsterdam) available on the internet; link

available from Laura West

• Glue from flexitank valves?

• Dog use for sniffing containers / products?

Future focus: Transport conditions

• Temperatures – Time and use of GPS

• Humidity – as above

Movements during transport (mainly train and high sea)

• Vibrations

• Stop & go

• Sea

• Mechanical properties of bag – strengths– Development of tank

Work groups

• GO!