DIESER TEXT DIENT DER NAVIGATION

Performance Based NavigationExperience from Real Implementations in Austria

Dr. Philipp Daniel SchaadHead of Instrument Flight Procedures Austro Control, Vienna/Austria

SDM PBN Workshop Brussels, October 2017

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A toolbox of possibilities

LNAV/VNAV Approach

RNP AR Approach

LPV Approach

RF Legs

PinS Procedures

The Austrian PBN story

it all started with the “premium product” RNP AR in 2005 in Innsbruck

terrain challenges as a driver for PBN

roll-out of PBN procedures started in Alpine environment

new applications found in noise abatement in Vienna

SBAS (EGNOS) provided new opportunities esp. for the GA community

first implementation of a PBN hybrid procedure in 2013

latest PBN developments aim at rotorcraft community (PinS)

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Aircraft equipage – challenge or driver?

Austrian PBN initiatives initially driven by operators with certain equipage (in that particular case, RNP AR capability)

roll-out of more PBN procedures caused concern in the lesser equipped fleets

downward compatibility is required (to what extend?)

in some cases compatibility issues conflict with NAV rationalization strategies (DME-DME for RNAV 1 ops, for instance)

sometimes there is a “chicken and egg” problem (lessons learned from GBAS)

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Aircraft operators – awareness is key

PBN nomenclature complex and not logical

charting titles confusing

training curricula not always reflecting PBN importance in procedure landscape

some procedures still limited in their user base (SBAS)

deeper understanding of procedure parameters required (e.g. geometric glide path vs. barometric, etc.)

approval process for AR procedures

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Great potential of PBN

accessibility (better procedure minima)

cost-saving for CNS (rationalization of ground-based NAVAID landscape)

track-mile reduction and noise abatement (improvements for operators)

availability (smaller regional airports can benefit from hardware-free 3D landing options like LPV200)

capacity (tighter route spacings and approach configurations can help improve airspace and airport capacity)

flexibility (route and procedure design less dependent on ground infrastructure)

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What we have done and are doing in Austria

RNP AR procedures in Innsbruck and Salzburg – pioneering role

RNAV 1 based SID/STAR environment in all our TMAs

early adoption of LPV and LPV200 (Linz, Graz and Vienna)

development of PinS procedures for HEMS rotorcraft operators

experimental RNP AR procedure for noise abatement and track mile reduction in Vienna

RNP AR departures for terrain critical environments

planned used of RF leg departures (non AR) for noise containment in Vienna

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Looking more closely at our PCP airport Vienna (LOWW)

LPV200 roll-out as Cat I precision approach option for GA (including extension of existing RNAV procedures to LPV200)

RNP AR for short roll-out curved approach to avoid populated areas

planned RF-leg overlay coding options for SIDs (flyable at pilots‘ discretion)

Multiple-Track Turn (MTT) study planned to achieve RF-emulation by non-RF aircraft

night SIDs for noise abatement after negotiation with mediation panel

Redesign of existing LNAV/VNAV procedure according new ICAO DOC 8168 (AMDT 6) for better minima

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Selling PBN

We have to be careful not to make unsustainable promises…

Examples:

1. track mile saving with RF leg overlays – initial response fromoperators is negative (turn at altitude coding oftentimes shorter)

2. noise footprint can only be condensed by RNP operations, thismay not always be wanted

3. PBN gives you better accessibility? Some SBAS implementation stories tell you otherwise

4. PBN procedures are still trade-offs between many factors, thisis not a perfect world!

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The Innbruck LOC R Approach – example of a hybrid procedure

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The idea is to use the very tight protection area for the LOCApproach, which goes below the RNP 0.3 protection in closevicinity of the the LOC station - green area can be disregarded!

Hybrid procedures

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Flight International

May 2014

Hybrid procedures – the future?

hybrid procedures can be a bridge between conventional navigation and PBN

would enable adaptive use of advanced procedures for different avionics equipage levels

ICAO has adopted hybrid concepts like RNP to ILS in their latest edition of PANS-OPS (amendment 7, applicable since November 2016)

ICAO DOC 9643 (Manual on Simultaneous Operations on Parallel or Near-Parallel Instrument Runways – SOIR) adopts hybrid concepts for the use in high-density environments

lack of standards in avionics mode change continues to be a challenge

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Thank you for your attention and interest!