introduction to pbn and rnp · introduction to pbn and rnp rick farnworth atm/rds/nav. sdm pbn...

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Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV SDM PBN workshop 19 th October 2017

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Page 1: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

Introduction to PBN and RNP

Rick FarnworthATM/RDS/NAV

SDM PBN workshop 19th October 2017

Page 2: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

Summary

What is PBN? Some History The ICAO PBN Manual The Benefits of PBN Some Examples PBN Approaches PBN and the Environment Available Guidance Material

SDM PBN Workshop 2

Page 3: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

SDM PBN Workshop 3

RNAV RNP

PBN

Page 4: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

4

Conventional

ROUTES: In search of a safe & perfect ‘path’

Conventional Navigation Route stuck to Navaids

Not flexible

Area navigation (RNAV):permits aircraft operation on any desired flight path within coverage of available positioning sources: Great flexibility in

route placement both lateral & vertical.

RNAV

358

SDM PBN Workshop

Page 5: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

SDM PBN Workshop 5

What is Performance Based Navigation?

Required Navigation Performance

A B

The lateral accuracy is only one of several performance and functional requirements included in any PBN specification.

Page 6: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

What came before PBN?

SDM PBN Workshop 6

PRE2004

B-RNAV

P-RNAV

US-RNAV

RNP10

RNP 4

RNP/RNAV

FUTURE

BoeingEurope

US

Australia

Canada

South America

China

Japan

Airbus

RussiaOther States-Regions

India

RNAVandRNP

A variety of navigation applications, High Certification Costs … action required!

Page 7: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

The Result was PBN

SDM PBN Workshop 7

PBN Concept replaced RNP Concept

Publication of Doc 9613, PBN Manual in 2008

Resolution of ICAO’s 36th Assembly

Reiterated at 37th Assembly

Manual updated in 2013

Page 8: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

The components of PBN

SDM PBN Workshop 8

NavigationSpecification

NAVAIDInfrastructure

NavigationApplication

Page 9: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

PBN

PBN improves Safety – which tops any list.

On a route*, PBN provides ‘Confidence’ in navigation performance both laterally and vertically.

Confidence is provided by PBN’s ten RNAV and RNP specifications. These spell out crew and aircraft navigation performance needed to operate on a route.

NavigationApplication

*Any ATS route, SID, STAR, Final Approach Procedure flown Using an RNAV system, is a PBN ‘route’.

SDM PBN Workshop

Page 10: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

The Navigation Specifications

SDM PBN Workshop 10

Designation RNAV 5RNAV 2RNAV 1

Designation RNP 10*

For Oceanic and Remote Continental navigation

applications For En Route & Terminal navigation applications*Actually RNAV 10

RNAV RNP

DesignationRNP with additional requirements to be

determined (e.g. 3D, 4D etc)

Designation

RNP 1

RNP APCHRNP AR APCH

for various phases of flight

RNP 2

Advanced RNP

RNP 0.3

Designation RNP 4

For Oceanic & Remote Continental navigation

applications

On-Board PerformanceMonitoring and Alerting

Page 11: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

SDM PBN Workshop 11

NavigationSpecification

PERFORMANCEAccuracyIntegrity

ContinuityAvailability

PERFORMANCE

Functionalities

Navigation Sensors

Air crew requirements

Document used as the basis for developing Certification & Operational Approval

Page 12: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

SDM PBN Workshop 12

Interoperability costs less Improved Flight Efficiency, Environmental impact, safety, capacity ..

Enables CDO and CCO While RNAV is good … RNP is better, harnessing aircraft capability and

space technology RNP Approaches with Vertical Guidance (APV) > Baro or SBAS Curved path transition Greater track assurance - alert if the aircraft is not meeting its requirements Alleviation on airspace interaction constraints Reduces ATC radar monitoring requirements Greater tactical flexibility through parallel offsets Higher integrity from RNP Lays the foundation for more advanced concepts e.g., trajectory

management (3D/4D) Infrastructure

Extensive use of GNSS DME/DME for reversion where required

NAVAIDInfrastructure

NavigationSpecification

Why PBN is good for you..

NavigationApplication

Page 13: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

Radius to Fix (RF) Functionality

SDM PBN Workshop 13

Aircraft anticipates the turn. Not repeatable

R

R

R

R

Designer stipulates the radius and defines the arc centre

Radius to Fix (RF)Fly-by Turns

Page 14: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

14Schiphol first 2 weeks of January 2008, all aircraft types (390 flights)

Before RF - Schiphol R/W 24

HHP 3

HHP 4

HHP 5

HHP 31

HHP 30

Page 15: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

15Schiphol first 2 weeks of January 2008, KLM B737 type (136 flights)

HHP 3

HHP 4

HHP 31

HHP 30

HHP 5

RF Benefits - Schiphol R/W 24

Page 16: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

Riga RNP AR – Reduced Track Miles

Page 17: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

Gothenburg, Fewer miles = Less noise,

SDM PBN Workshop 17

Benefits with RNP AR:11 NM shorter than the baseline scenario.Relieving a noise sensitive area of over flying aircraft

Baseline scenario RNAV 1 STAR followed by ILS approach to RWY21.

RNP AR to RWY21.

Page 18: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

RNP Approaches

SDM PBN Workshop 18 18

RNP APCH

Lateral Guidance only With Vertical guidance

LNAV LP

Expected to be flown as

CDFA

SBAS supported

Lateral only

LNAV/VNAV LPV

APV-Baro APV-SBAS(SBAS supported

Localiser Performance with vertical guidance)

APV

Page 19: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

General Evolution of Approaches

Lateral Vertical

NPANon Precision Approaches

APVApproaches with Vertical Guidance

PAPrecision

Approaches

Sensors

Conventional VOR/DME/NDBLocalizer

Conventional ILS/MLS

RNP APCH GPS

CDFA

GBAS ApproachGPS

+GBAS

APV BaroGPS

+Baro

APV SBASGPS

+SBAS

Page 20: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

The Case for RNP APCH

Safety Vertically guided approach allows stabilized approaches with

standard crew ops procedures Reduces runway excursions caused by unstabilised approach

Improved situation awareness reduces CFIT risk Reduced pilot workload compared to conventional step-down

approach and CDFA Better obstacle design criteria

(low temperature protection in LNAV/VNAV procedure design)

Low Cost : No dependence on ground based Navaids

Reduced minima = Improved Access DH as low as 200ft based on SBAS LPV Potential for straight-in instead of offset approach (due to reduced

obstacle clearance surfaces from RNP and/or lack of navaid siting problems)

Page 21: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

SDM PBN Workshop 21

EUROCONTROL activities on RNP approaches

RNAV Approach implementation Support Group Input to Standards Guidance Material Training Courses Targeted Implementation Projects Deployment Monitoring

Page 22: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

Some PBN <> Environmental Issues

Track placement flexibility provided by PBN allows more options for route placement > noise can be spread – or concentrated. Concentration > noise under ‘single’ flight path Dispersion > noise annoys more communities. Precise on-board navigation functions make it possible to by-pass noise

sensitive areas.

PBN’s better vertical path management enables improved (lateral) track placement as well as CDOs and CCOs.

Thanks to RNP APCH, reduced diversions

SDM PBN Workshop 22

PBN can be used to reduce Environmental Impact.

Page 23: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

PBN’s challenge

Airport neighbours and local communities view PBN:-.

As a dirty word

Environmental objection can block PBN implementation.

23SDM PBN Workshop

Page 24: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

Argus News

New Gatwick flight path trials are 'destroying' Sussex village life

Thursday 27 February 2014

24

Page 25: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

Face the facts

SDM PBN Workshop 25

Aviation is not an impact free industry

Balance is needed – between

Environmental Impact and

Social, Economic, Institutional Benefits

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 26: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

European Airspace Concept Handbookfor PBN Implementation

SDM PBN Workshop 26

Page 27: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

Implementation Steps

SDM PBN Workshop 27

Page 28: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

PBN is a Team Game

SDM PBN Workshop 28

Requires a multi-disciplinary approach This is why an industry implementation plan is needed with “Buy-

In” from all stakeholders This is why ANSP implementation plan is needed with stakeholder

buy-in…

S/holder S/holder

OEMs

Industry

Data Houses

Engineers

Regulators

Airspace Designers

Procedure Designers

Pilots

Controllers

ALL Airspace Users

Page 30: Introduction to PBN and RNP · Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV. SDM PBN workshop 19. th. October 2017

RNP enabled……………..

Thank you for your attention.