peace corps roles of the volunteerin development: toolkits for building capacity reprint august 2012...

7/27/2019 Peace Corps ROLES OF THE VOLUNTEERIN DEVELOPMENT: TOOLKITS FOR BUILDING CAPACITY reprint August 2012

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VDC@Z DI XN@ YDCPGX@@VEG H@Y@CDRL@GX

Xddckets idr Fuechega Jmpmjety

R`mj` JdrpsEgidrlmtedg Jdcc`jtedg mgh @xjnmga`Rufcejmtedg Gd. X2220


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Egidrlmtedg Jdcc`jtedg mgh @xjnmga`

Xn` R`mj` Jdrps Egidrlmtedg Jdcc`jtedg mgh @xjnmga` (EJ@), m uget di tn` Dij` di Dv`rs`ms

Rrdarmllega mgh Xrmegega Zuppdrt (DRMXZ), lmk`s mvmecmfc` tn` strmtàe`s mgh t`jngdcdae`s

h`v`cdp`h fy R`mj` Jdrps Ydcugt``rs, tnèr jd-wdrk`rs, mgh tnèr jdugt`rpmrts td h`v`cdpl`gt

dramgezmtedgs mgh wdrk`rs wnd leant gh tn`l usìuc. EJ@ wdrks wetn R`mj` Jdrps t`jngejmcmgh trmegega sp`jemcests td eh`gteiy mgh h`v`cdp egidrlmtedg di mcc keghs td suppdrt Ydcugt``rs

mgh dv`rs`ms stmii. EJ@ mcsd jdcc`jts mgh hess`legmt`s trmegega aueh`s, jurrejucm, c`ssdg pcmgs,

prdo`jt r`pdrts, lmgumcs, mgh dtn r R`mj` Jdrps-a`g`rmt h lmt remcs h`v`cdp`h eg tn` `ch.

Zdl` lmt`remcs mr` r`pregt`h ms es; dtn`rs prdveh` m sdurj` di `ch-fms`h egidrlmtedg idr tn`

prdhujtedg di lmgumcs dr idr r`s`mrjn eg pmrtejucmr prdarml mr ms. Lmt`remcs tnmt ydu suflet td

EJ@ f`jdl` pmrt di tn` R`mj` Jdrps cmra`r jdgtrefutedg td h`v`cdpl`gt.

Xnes pufcejmtedg wms prdhuj`h fy R`mj` Jdrps DRMXZ. Et es hestrefut`h tnrduan tn` EJ@ uget.

Idr iurtn`r egidrlmtedg mfdut EJ@ lmt`remcs (p`redhejmcs, fddks, veh`ds, `tj.) mgh egidrlmtedg

s`rvej`s, dr idr mhhetedgmc jdpe`s di tnes lmgumc, pc`ms` jdgtmjt EJ@ mgh rì`r td tn` EJ@ jmtmcda

gulf`r tnmt mpp`mrs dg tn` pufcejmtedg.

R`mj` JdrpsDij` di Dv`rs`ms Rrdarmllega mgh Xrmegega Zuppdrt

Egidrlmtedg Jdcc`jtedg mgh @xjnmga`

==== 62tn Ztr``t, GQ, Zextn Icddr

Qmsnegatdg, HJ 62069

X`c? 626.956.6982

Imx? 626.956.698=

Mfreha`h H`w`y H`jelmc Jcmssejmtedg (HHJ) Gulf`r? ::>.5=

Znmr` ydur `xp`re`gj`!

Mhh ydur `xp`re`gj` td tn` EJ@ V`sdurj` J`gt`r. Z`gh ydur lmt`remcs td us sd w` jmg

snmr` tn`l wetn dtn`r h`v`cdpl`gt wdrk`rs. Udur t`jngejmc egseants s`rv` ms tn` fmses idr

tn` a`g`rmtedg di EJ@ lmt`remcs, r`pregts, mgh trmegega lmt`remcs. Xn`y mcsd `gsur` tnmt EJ@

es prdvehega tn` ldst up-td-hmt` eggdvmtev` prdfc`l-sdcvega t`jngequ`s mgh egidrlmtedg

mvmecmfc` td ydu mgh ydur i`ccdw h`v`cdpl`gt wdrk`rs.


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VYEH? Xddckets idr Fuechega Jmpmjety e

VDC@Z DIXN@ YDCPGX@@V

EG H@Y@CDRL@GX?XDDCKEXZ IDVFPECHEGA JMRMJEXU

R@MJ@ JDVRZOPCU 6226

Egidrlmtedg Jdcc`jtedg mgh @xjnmga`Rufcejmtedg Gd. X2220

K`y V`sdurj`s V`ves`h Lmy 62==V`pregt`h Muaust 62=6


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ee R`mj` Jdrps


5/286

VYEH? Xddckets idr Fuechega Jmpmjety eee

XMFC@ DI JDGX@GXZ

EGXVDHPJXEDG FDDKC@X

XDDCKEX =? YDCPGX@@V MZ C@MVG@V

XDDCKEX 6? YDCPGX@@V MZ JNMGA@ MA@GX

XDDCKEX :? YDCPGX@@V MZ JD-XVMEG@V

XDDCKEX 8? YDCPGX@@V MZ JD-IMJECEXMXDV

XDDCKEX 0? YDCPGX@@V MZ RVDO@JX JD-RCMGG@V

XDDCKEX 9? YDCPGX@@V MZ L@GXDV


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ev R`mj` Jdrps

MJKGDQC@HAL@GXZ

Xn` Vdc`s di tn` Ydcugt``r eg H`v`cdpl`gt? Xddckets idr Fuechega Jmpmjety (VYEH)

fuechs updg `mrce`r R`mj` Jdrps pufcejmtedgs di selecmr tetc`s. VYEH es h`seag`h td f`

egtrdhuj`h eg trmegega mjtevete`s mgh idr Ydcugt``rs td us` dg tnèr dwg eg tnèr jdllugete`s.

@xt`gsev` r`sdurj`s w`r` jdcc`jt`h irdl tn` `ch mgh irdl dramgezmtedgs mgh puf-

cejmtedgs. Xn` R`mj` Jdrps armtìuccy mjkgdwc`ha`s tn` `xj`cc`gt wdrk di tn` lmgy

dramgezmtedgs mgh mutndrs, mgh mppr`jemt`s tnèr weccegag`ss td mccdw tn` R`mj` Jdrps

td iurtn`r hess`legmt` sdl` di tnèr lmt`remcs.

Q` mcsd mjkgdwc`ha` tn` jdgtrefutedg di tn` R`mj` Jdrps tnrduan ets lmgy rì`r`gj`h

pufcejmtedgs; Ydcugt``rs, jdllugety pmrtg`rs, t`jngejmc trmeg`rs, mgh trmegega lmgma`rs

irdl tn` tnr`` ràedgs di R`mj` Jdrps; ràedgmc prdarml mgh trmegega mhvesdrs, mgh tn`

sufràedgmc prdarmllega mgh trmegega jddrhegmtdrs, Rmrl`r N`mjdx mgh Rnec Ztmgtemc,

wnds` jdgtrefutedgs mgh i``hfmjk w`r` egvmcumfc`.

Xnes pufcejmtedg wms h`v`cdp`h fy tn` idccdwega t`ml, wnd jdgtrefut`h seagejmgtcy

td tn` gmc prdhujt? Lmrsnm Zcmt`r idr r`s`mrjn mgh wretega; Mvm Mccslmg, Vdg Zmvma`,Cmge Nmv`gs, Ouh`` Fcdnl, Kmt` Vmit`ry idr r`wret`s mgh `hetega; mgh Rmt Fmrtc`tt idr

h`sktdp pufcesnega eg jdccmfdrmtedg wetn tn` t`jngejmc trmegega/Xrmegega lmgma`l`gt

sp`jemcest, Znmre Ndw`, eg tn` Dij` di Dv`rs`ms Rrdarmllega mgh Xrmegega Zuppdrt,

R`mj` Jdrps/Qmsnegatdg.


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XN@ VDC@Z DI XN@ YDCPGX@@VEG H@Y@CDRL@GX

EgtrdXddckets idr

Fuechega Jmpmjety


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9/286

VYEH? Xddckets idr Fuechega Jmpmjety =

Jmpmjety Fuechega Xddcket Egtrd

EGXVDHPJXEDG

EG XNEZ XDDCKEX

Egtrdhujtedg .................................................................................................................. :

Ndw td Ps` tn` Xddckets .............................................................................................. 8

Jmpmjety Fuechega Vdc`s .............................................................................................. 9

Dv`rve`w di tn` R`mj` Jdrps Mpprdmjn td H`v`cdpl`gt .......................................... 1

Qnmt Es H`v`cdpl`gt4 .................................................................................. 1

Qnmt Es tn` R`mj` Jdrps Mpprdmjn td H`v`cdpl`gt4 ..................................... 1

Jmpmjety Fuechega Irml`wdrk .......................................................................... 1

Zustmegmfc` H`v`cdpl`gt .............................................................................. >

Cdga-t`rl vs. Zndrt-t`rl Mpprdmjn`s ............................................................. >

Ndw Hd`s tn` R`mj` Jdrps Xrmgsidrl Eh`ms Egtd Mjtedg4 ...............................5

Pgh`rstmghega Ndw Udu Iet Egtd tn` H`v`cdpl`gt Irml`wdrk ............................... ==

Xn` Rcmy`rs ..................................................................................................... ==

Xn` Rrdj`ss`s .................................................................................................. =6

Xn` Rcmgs ........................................................................................................ =:

Xn` Jdllugety Mjtedg Jyjc` ........................................................................ =:

K`y ]u`stedgs td N`cp Udu F`aeg H`gega Udur Vdc`s ........................................... =0

Jmpmjety Fuechega Aueh`ceg`s .................................................................................... =9

Acdssmry ..................................................................................................................... =1


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6 R`mj` Jdrps


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VYEH? Xddckets idr Fuechega Jmpmjety :

VDC@Z DIXN@ YDCPGX@@VEG H@Y@CDRL@GX?XDDCKEXZ IDV

FPECHEGA JMRMJEXU

R`dpc` jmggdt f` h`v`cdp`h;

tn`y jmg dgcy h`v`cdp tn`ls`cv`s.

Ouceus Gy`r r`

EGXVDHPJXEDGQnmt es tn` rdc` di tn` R`mj` Jdrps Ydcugt``r eg h`v`cdpl`gt4 Xnes es mraumfcy tn` ldst strmtàej

qu`stedg ydu wecc mhhr`ss hurega ydur `gter` R`mj` Jdrps s`rvej`. Xn` pnecdsdpnejmc mgsw`r td tn`

qu`stedg es h`j`ptev`cy selpc`? tn` rdc` di tn` Ydcugt``r es td n`cp p`dpc` n`cp tn`ls`cv`s.Fut

wnmt hd`s n`cpega p`dpc` n`cp tn`ls`cv`s l`mg eg t`rls di ydur hmecy cei` mgh wdrk eg ydur

jdllugety mgh ydur r`cmtedgsnep wetn Jdugt`rpmrts mgh dtn`r jdllugety pmrtg`rs4 Xnrduan wnmt

mjtedgs wecc ydu `lpdw`r p`dpc` td fuech tnèr jmpmjety mgh lmk` h`jesedgs idr tn`ls`cv`s4 Ndw

wecc ydu kgdw ei ydu mr` idjusega dg wnmt tn` p`dpc` tn`ls`cv`s h`t`rleg` td f` elpdrtmgt4 Mgh

ndw jmg ydu lmk` m r`mc heii`r`gj` eg p`dpc`s cev`s wn`g ydur t`rl di s`rvej` eg tn` jdllugety es

dgcy twd y`mrs4 Xn`s` mr` fut m i`w di tn` qu`stedgs tnmt r`v`mc fdtn tn` jnmcc`ga` mgh tn` ell`gs`

pdt`gtemc di tn` rdc` di tn` Ydcugt``r eg h`v`cdpl`gt.

Xn`r` es m t`gh`gjy fy mcc di us irdl eghustremcez`h gmtedgs td ve`w h`v`cdpl`gt ms m get` prdo`jt

tnmt mhhr`ss`s sp`jej g``hs sujn ms n`mctn, `hujmtedg, ndusega, egjdl`, mgh sd dg. J`rtmeg egputs

mr` suppds`h td prdhuj` qumgtemfc` r`sucts hurega m sp`jej tel` irml`. Dit`g w` mssul` tn`

f`g`jemre`s jmggdt mjne`v` tn`s` dfo`jtev`s dg tnèr dwg mgh tn`rìdr` w` hd et idr tn`l. Q`

fuech tnèr sjnddcs mgh ndus`s, mgh tnegk tnmt a`ttega tn`l lmt`remc addhs (jdlput`rs, jdgstrujtedg

suppce`s, lmjneg`ry, trmgspdrtmtedg l`mgs) wecc elprdv` tnèr cev`s. Qnmt w` imec td r`mcez` es tnmt

h`v`cdpl`gt es m prdj`ss, gdt m prdo`jt. Et es m c`mrgega prdj`ss eg wnejn tn` p`dpc` egvdcv`h


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8 R`mj` Jdrps

mr` h`v`cdpega skeccs, kgdwndw, jdgh`gj`, mgh tn` mfecety td eh`gteiy mgh mhhr`ss tnèr dwg es-

su`s. Ms m prdj`ss, h`v`cdpl`gt sdl`tel`s ldv`s pmegiuccy scdwcy mgh ad`s tnrduan heii`r`gt

pnms`s c`mhega td nean`r c`v`cs di skeccs, ìidrts, mgh mjne`v`l`gts dv`r tel`. Qn`g et es wdrkega

w`cc, et `xpmghs dppdrtugete`s idr p`dpc` td iuccc tnèr fmsej g``hs mgh mjne`v` tnèr mspermtedgs

idr m f`tt`r cei`.

Udur rdc` ms m Ydcugt``r, tn`g, es td odeg ydur jdllugety eg ets c`mrgega prdj`ss, s`rvega ms t`mjn`r mgh

stuh`gt, imjecetmtdr mgh pmrtejepmgt. Ms ydu mssest dtn`rs eg fuechega tnèr jmpmjety, ydu wecc str`gatn`gydur dwg mfecete`s eg wmys ydu p`rnmps g`v`r elmaeg`h pdssefc`. Xnes lmgumc wecc n`cp ydu a`t

stmrt`h eg ydur wdrk, gdt fy pr`sjrefega ydur xmjt rdc`, fut fy h`sjrefega mgh h`lysteiyega tn` k`y

kgdwc`ha`, skeccs, mgh mttetuh`s ydu wecc g``h td hrmw dg hurega ydur s`rvej` ms m jmpmjety fuech`r

mgh jdllugety pmrtg`r. Jdlpds`h eg tn` idrl di m s`re`s di Xddckets, tn` lmgumc dii`rs jdgj`pts,

eh`ms, stdre`s irdl tn` `ch, prmjtejmc `x`rjes`s, mgh egidrlmtedg sdurj`s td n`cp ydu h``p`g ydur

ugh`rstmghega di ydur pmrtejucmr rdc`s eg h`v`cdpl`gt ms ydu pr`pmr` td lmk` m ugequ` mgh cmstega

jdgtrefutedg td ydur jdllugety.

NDQ XD XN@ PZ@ XN@ XDDCKEXZ

Xn` Xddckets h`g` tn` rdc` di tn` Ydcugt``r eg t`rls di sex jmpmjety-fuechega sufrdc`s?

=. C`mrg`r 8. Jd-Imjecetmtdr

6. Jnmga` Ma`gt 0. Rrdo`jt Jd-Rcmgg`r

:. Jd-Xrmeg`r 9. L`gtdr

Xn` lmtrex dg tn` idccdwega pma` cests tn` sex rdc`s mgh eh`gte`s tn` kgdwc`ha`, skeccs, mgh mt-

tetuh`s (KZMs) Ydcugt``rs g``h eg drh`r td iugjtedg ìi`jtev`cy eg `mjn dg`. Xn`s` rdc`s mr` gdt

jdlpc`t`cy hestegjt irdl dg` mgdtn`r; eg r`mc cei`, tn`y mcc fuech dg mgh dv`rcmp wetn dg` mgdtn`r.

Q` egt`gtedgmccy s`pmrmt` mgh hestegauesn tn` rdc`s n`r` eg tn` Xddckets td aev` ydu mg dppdrtugety

td `xp`re`gj` `mjn dg` mgh fàeg cegkega tn`l tda`tn`r eg wmys tnmt mr` mpprdpremt` idr ydu mgh

ydur pmrtejucmr setumtedg. @mjn di tn` Xddckets `lpnmsez` dg` di tn` sex jmpmjety-fuechega rdc`s

mgh prdveh`s egidrlmtedg mgh jdllugety-fms`h prmjtej` mjtevete`s td n`cp ydu ameg tn` KZMs

sp`jej td tnmt rdc`.

Xn` Xddckets mr` prelmrecy idr us` fy Xrmeg``s mgh Ydcugt``rs. Xnmt smeh, lmgy dtn`rs wecc mcsd gh

tn` lmt`remcs egt`r`stega mgh mppcejmfc` td tnèr rdc`s eg h`v`cdpl`gt wdrk.

Ei ydu mr` m Ydcugt``r dr m Xrmeg``, ydu mr` tn` prelmry us`r di tn`Xddckets. Ztmrtega wetn tnes egtrdhujtdry s`jtedg mgh tn` Ydcugt``r ms C`mrg`r jnmpt`r,

fàeg wdrkega tnrduan tn` Xddckets hurega ydur Rr`-Z`rvej` Xrmegega (RZX) mgh us` et td jdg-tegu` fuechega ydur jmpmjety ms ydu fàeg wdrk eg ydur set`. Zegj` tel` es celet`h hurega RZX,

jdgsuct wetn ydur trmeg`rs mgh Mssdjemt` R`mj` Jdrps Her`jtdr (MRJH) td h`t`rleg` wnejn di

tn` rdc`s mr` ldst jretejmc idr ydu td prmjtej` rst. Lmgy Ydcugt``rs gh et n`cpiuc td idjus dg

tn` c`mrg`r, jd-trmeg`r, mgh jd-imjecetmtdr rdc` pr`pmrmtedg hurega RZX mgh tn`g ldv` dg td tn`

jnmga` ma`gt, prdo`jt jd-pcmgg`r, mgh l`gtdr rdc`s dgj` tn`y nmv` s`ttc`h egtd tnèr jdllugete`s.


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VYEH? Xddckets idr Fuechega Jmpmjety 0

Ms ydu f`jdl` ldr` imlecemr wetn tn` R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jt eg wnejn ydu wecc f` wdrkega,

`xpcdr` tn` r`cmtedgsnep f`tw``g tn` Rrdo`jt mgh `mjn di tn` sex jmpmjety-fuechega rdc`s. Idr

`xmlpc`, ei ydu mr` msseag`h td wdrk eg m Zlmcc Fuseg`ss H`v`cdpl`gt Rrdo`jt, ndw hd`s tn`

jd-trmeg`r rdc` (dr jnmga` ma`gt, l`gtdr, mgh sd dg) r`cmt` td ydur Rrdo`jts admcs mgh mjtevete`s4

Udu lmy gh tnmt sdl` rdc`s mr` ldr` elpdrtmgt tnmg dtn`rs idr ydur pmrtejucmr Rrdo`jt mgh

t`jngejmc s`jtdr.

Ps` tn` Xddckets ms m r`sdurj` tnrduandut ydur s`rvej`, mgh fy mcc l`mgs snmr` tnèr jdgt`gtswetn ydur Jdugt`rpmrts, jdllugety l`lf`rs, mgh dtn`rs.

Ei ydu mr` m Rr`-Z`rvej` Xrmeg`r,us` tn` r`mhegas, jdgj`pts, mgh suaa`st`h mjtevete`std h`v`cdp jdlp`t`gje`s mgh jr`mt` c`mrgega dppdrtugete`s idr Xrmeg``s.Idr `xmlpc`, ydu jmg mssest Xrmeg``s eg eh`gteiyega jdllugety l`gtdrs td snmhdw idr

m hmy mgh tn`g h`freì wetn tn`l mfdut wnmt tn`y c`mrg`h irdl tn` `xp`re`gj`. Dr, n`cp

Xrmeg``s pcmg mgh c`mh m dg`-hmy wdrksndp wetn m cdjmc jdllugety ardup sd tnmt tn`y

`xp`re`gj` tn` gter` prdj`ss di pcmggega, elpc`l`gtega, mgh vmcumtega m trmegega prdo`jt.

Jr`mt` c`mrgega dppdrtugete`s tnmt mr` j`gt`r`h dg tn` Xrmeg`` mgh tn` jdllugety mgh tnmt

ldh`c mgh règidrj` tn` pregjepc`s di jmpmjety fuechega. Xd mccdw idr lmxelul c`mrgega,

egtàrmt` tn` jmpmjety-fuechega mjtevete`s ms lujn ms pdssefc` wetn t`jngejmc, cmgauma`, mgh

jrdss-jucturmc trmegega.

Ei ydu mr` mg MRJH dr dtn`r stmii l`lf`r,`gjdurma` Ydcugt``rs td jdgtegu` tdhrmw irdl tn` Xddckets ms tn`y fàeg td h`seag mgh elpc`l`gt mjtevete`s r`cmt`h td tnèr R`mj`

Jdrps Rrdo`jt mgh tnèr jdllugete`s. Xn` Xddckets lmy mcsd s`rv` ms m sdurj` idr Eg-Z`rvej`

Xrmegega eh`ms mgh dtn`r jdgtegudus c`mrgega dppdrtugete`s idr Ydcugt``rs.


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9 R`mj` Jdrps

JMRMJEXU FPECHEGA VDC@Z

KGDQC@HA@, ZKECCZ, MGH MXXEXPH@Z UDP G@@H XD F@ @II@JXEY@

KGDQC@HA@ ZKECCZ MXXEXPH@Z

C`mrg`r Mhuct c`mrgega ldh`c, jdllu- Jdllugety gtry mgh V`sp`jt idr cdjmc kgdwc`ha`;gety syst`ls, mss`ts mgh h`jets `gama`l`gt skeccs, .a., juredsety mfdut dtn`rs;

Egt`rv`gtedg mpprdmjn`s td jdllugety dfs`rvmtedg, egt`rve`wega, weccegag`ss td jdgseh`r dtn`rsc`v`c h`v`cdpl`gt; ndst jdugtry mgh cest`gega; egidrlmtedg dpegedgs, vmcu`s, l`tndhs Z`ci h`v`cdpl`gt pcmg; R`mj` Jdrps amtn`rega, sygtn`ses, mgh

prdarmllega; ugh`rstmghega di mgmcyses skeccs; egtrdhujegaR`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jt/t`jngejmc dg`s`ci td jdllugetymsseagl`gt

Xrmeg`r X`jngejmc jdgt`gt; mhuct c`mrgega X jngejmc skeccs; pr`s`gtmtedg Jdgh`gj` td mppcy t`jngejmc pregjepc`s; gdg-idrlmc `hujmtedgmc skeccs; imjecetmtedg skeccs kgdwc`ha` mgh skeccs; gtnusemsl

Egt`rv`gtedg tn`dry mgh l`tndhs; trmegega (cest`gega, qu`stedgega, idr sufo`jt; `xefecety mghc`v`c h`seag prdj`ss `gjdurmaega, sullmrezega); mhmptmfecety eg r`cmtedg td

Rrdi`ssedgmc c`mhega pmrtejepmtdry c`mrg`rs g``hs; mfecety td r`jèv` Dramgezmtedg mjtevete`s; s`ssedg pcmggega mgh us` i``hfmjk irdl c`mrg`rs Jdllugety

Jd- Kgdwc`ha` di s`jtdr-sp`jej Cest`gega, qu`stedgega, Qeccegag`ss td snmr` c`mh`rsnep;Imjecetmtdr ardups/prdo`jts; ardup hygmlejs `gjdurmaega dtn`rs; t`ml trust eg ardup prdj`ss; pmte`gj`

wetn tn`dry; c`mh`rsnep styc`s; typ`s di fuechega; imjecetmtega ardup mgh p`rs`v`rmgj`; r`sp`jt idrJdllugety/ h`jesedgs; pmrtejepmtdry l`tndhs tmsks mgh h`jesedg lmkega, hev`rsetyArdups `.a., jdgs`gsus; prdfc`l sdcvega; jdgejt r`sdcutedg;

Egt`rv`gtedg c`mhega l``tegas; ldh`cegac`v`c Rrdi`ssedgmc Dramgezmtedg Jdllugety

Jnmga` Jdllugety pmrtejepmtedg/ Z`c`jtega mgh usega pmrtejepm- Ic`xefecety, mfecety td h`mc wetnMa`gt ldfecezmtedg tn`dre`s; jnmga` tdry mjtevete`s wetn jdllu- mlfeauety; gtnusemsl; jdg-

ldh`cs egjcuhega mppr`jemtev` gety/ardups; a`gh`r mgmcyses; h`gj` eg jnmga` prdj`ss;Egt`rv`gtedg egquery; heiiusedg di eggdvmtedg; egquery skeccs; strmtàej pcmg- mppr`jemtev` dutcddk; r`sp`jt idrc`v`c a`gh`r `quety essu`s; ydutn gega skeccs; prdldtedg skeccs; cdjmc vmcu`s, trmhetedgs, mgh Dramgezmtedg h`v`cdpl`gt f`st prmjtej`s; g`twdrkega mgh cegkega ega`guety Jdllugety g`twdrkega tda`tn`r idr mjtedg p`dpc`

Rrdo`jt Jd- Rrdo`jt pcmggega st`ps/jyjc`; Zlmcc Rrdo`jt h`seag mgh Xdc rmgj` idr dppdsega ve`ws;Rcmgg`r cdjmc r`sdurj` eh`gtejmtedg; mjtedg pcmggega skeccs; tndrduang`ss; hepcdlmjy/tmjt;

r`sdurj` h`v`cdpl`gt; xmlpc`s hrmitega/lmgmaega fuha`ts; r`mcestej xp`jtmtedgs;Egt`rv`gtedg di sujj`ssiuc slmcc-sjmc` prdo`jts prdpdsmc wretega; r`sdurj` `xefecetyc`v`c eg s`jtdr mgh ràedg eh`gtejmtedg/ldfecezmtedg; Rrdi`ssedgmc prdo`jt ldgetdrega mgh

Dramgezmtedg `vmcumtedg; tel` lmgma`l`gt Jdllugety

L`gtdr @xmlpc`s di sujj`ssiuc Ldh`cega skeccs; r`cmtedg- V`sp`jt mgh trust eg dtn`rs;h`v`cdpl`gt ldh`cs mgh snep fuechega; jdmjnega jdgsest`gjy/r`cemfecety; h`ser`

Egt`rv`gtedg l`gtdrega ldh`cs; ydutn skeccs sujn ms auehega wetn pmte`gj` mgh p`rs`v`rmgj`;c`v`c essu`s/prmjtej`s r`cmt`h td qu`stedgs; egt`rp`rsdgmc td n`cp s`ci mgh dtn`rs ardw Eghevehumc wdrkega ìi`jtev`cy wetn jdllugejmtedg skeccs sujn p`rsdgmccy mgh prdi`ssedgmccy; Rrdi`ssedgmc ydutn ms mjtev` cest`gega mgh aev`/r`jèv` i``hfmjk; s`ci- i``hfmjk `st``l

JMRMJEXUFPECHEGA

VDC@


15/286


DY@VYE@Q DI XN@ R@MJ@ JDVRZMRRVDMJN XD H@Y@CDRL@GX

QNMX EZ H@Y@CDRL@GX4

Xn` wdrh h`v`cdpl`gt es us`h eg sd lmgy wmys tnmt et nms jdl` td l`mg heii`r`gt tnegas td heii`r-

`gt p`dpc`. Zdl` sp`mk di ndusega h`v`cdpl`gts dr tn` h`v`cdpl`gt di egirmstrujtur`, sujn ms rdmhsmgh freha`s. Dtn`rs sp`mk di tn` jdgdlej h`v`cdpl`gt di jdugtre`s. H`v`cdpl`gt eg ets frdmh`st

s`gs` es mgy prdj`ss tnmt prdldt`s tn` heagety di m p`dpc` mgh tnèr jmpmjety td elprdv` tnèr

dwg cev`s.Idr p`dpc` td cev` tn` iucc`st cev`s pdssefc` tn`y sdl`tel`s lust struaac` td dv`rjdl`

sujn dfstmjc`s ms jcelmt`, a`darmpny, `jdgdlejs, mgh sdjemc jdghetedgs. R`mj` Jdrps Ydcugt``rs

f`jdl` jmtmcysts idr imjecetmtega sujn jnmga`.

QNMX EZ XN@ R@MJ@ JDVRZ MRRVDMJN XD H@Y@CDRL@GX4

Xn` R`mj` Jdrps us`s tn` t`rl h`v`cdpl`gt eg nulmg, p`dpc`-td-p`dpc` t`rls?n`cpega p`dpc`

h`v`cdp tn` jmpmjety td elprdv` tnèr dwg cev`s. Fy wdrkega wetneg m nulmg jmpmjety fuechega

irml`wdrk, tn` idjus di tn` wdrk es dg tn` h`v`cdpl`gt di p`dpc`, gdt tnegas. Lmgy h`v`cdpl`gt

mjtevete`s leant s``l td j`gt`r mrdugh tnegas sujn ms jdllugety amrh`gs, w`ccs, dr m sjnddc

cefrmry. Xn` jmpmjety fuechega mpprdmjn idjus`s dg n`cpega p`dpc` c`mrg td eh`gteiy wnmt tn`y

wduch cek` td s`` jnmga`h, us` tnèr dwg str`gatns, mgh c`mrg g`w skeccs td mjne`v` wnmt tn`y

f`ce`v` es ldst elpdrtmgt. M jdllugety amrh`g, idr `xmlpc`, es pmrt di tn` pejtur`; fy jr`mtega

mgh tn`g lmegtmegega m jdllugety amrh`g m veccma` dr dtn`r ardup r`mcez`s ets dwg pdt`gtemc td

mjjdlpcesn s`ci-h`g`h admcs.

JMRMJEXU FPECHEGA IVML@QDVK

Jmpmjety fuechega, td f` mg ii`jtev` mpprdmjn td h`v`cdpl`gt, g``hs td nmpp`g mt m gulf`r di c`v`cs.

Eghevehumc l`lf`rs di tn` jdllugety, prdo`jt pmrtejepmgts?Xn`y jduch f`tn` stuh`gts eg m jcmssrddl, imrl`rs eg m jddp`rmtev`, l`lf`rs di m ndus`ndch, dr jce`gts s`rv`h

fy m gdg-adv`rgl`gtmc dramgezmtedg (GAD). Fuechega jmpmjete`s mt tn` eghevehumc c`v`c es usumccy

m lmodr idjus di tn` Ydcugt``r.

Rrdi`ssedgmcs, s`rvej` prdveh`rs?Xn`s` jduch f` t`mjn`rs eg m sjnddc, c`mh`rs di mgGAD, dr lmgma`rs di m imrl`rs jddp`rmtev`. Qnec` `mjn Ydcugt``r nms mg eh`gte`h jdllugety

pmrtg`r wnd lmy dr lmy gdt f` m s`rvej` prdveh`r, tn`r` mr dtn`rs mt tn` sml` c`v`c di c`mh`rsnep

ms Ydcugt``rs wnd prdveh` s`rvej`s td tn` eghevehumc l`lf`rs di tn` jdllugety. Ztr`gatn`gega

jmpmjete`s mt tnes c`v`c n`cps gsur` cdjmc c`mh`rsnep idr jdgteguega mjtevete`s egtd tn` iutur`. Jmpmjety

fuechega mjtevete`s leant egjcuh` trmegega wdrksndps, ldh`cega elprdv`h t`jngejmc l`tndhs, dr

suppdrtega m jdllugety mjtevety.

Dramgezmtedgs?@xmlpc`s egjcuh` sjnddcs, GADs, dr imrl`rs jddp`rmtev`s wn`r` Ydcugt``rsmr` pcmj`h. Ztr`gatn`gega dramgezmtedgmc jmpmjete`s, sujn ms lmgma`l`gt skeccs wetneg mg GAD,

wdrkega wetn t`mjn`rs td h`v`cdp dramgezmtedgmc skeccs mgh lmt`remcs idr m sjnddc, mgh n`cpega

n`mctn wdrk`rs h`v`cdp m r`jdrh-k``pega syst`l idr m jcegej mcc n`cp rddt dtn`r mjtevete`s eg mg

dgadega, iugjtedgega, mgh suppdrtev` gverdgl`gt.


16/286

> R`mj` Jdrps

Jdllugete`s?Xn`s` egjcuh` tn` veccma` dr gèanfdrnddh eg wnejn tn` Ydcugt``r cev`s dr tn`mr`m s`rv`h fy tn` prdo`jt eg wnejn tn` Ydcugt``r es wdrkega. V`mjnega dut egtd jdllugete`s mgh

fuechega jmpmjete`s wetn mjtevete`s, sujn ms jd-dramgezega m jdllugety n`mctn jdllett``, m Rmr`gt

X`mjn`r Mssdjemtedg, dr mg @mrtn Hmy jc`mgup jmlpmeag, n`cp frdmh`g tn` fms` di pmrtejepmtedg

mgh `gsur` jdgteguety.

Xmk`g ms m wndc`, tnes irml`wdrk prdveh`s tn` strujtur` idr pcmggega mgh `vmcumtega sustmegmfc`

h`v`cdpl`gt wdrk eg mgy s`jtdr.

ZPZXMEGMFC@ H@Y@CDRL@GX

H`v`cdpl`gt wdrk es smeh td f` sustmegmfc` wn`g tn` jdllugety es mfc` td jdgtegu` dg ets dwg

wetndut dutseh` suppdrt. Xn` R`mj` Jdrps s``s sustmegmfc` h`v`cdpl`gt ms m prdj`ss wn`r`fy p`dpc`

c`mrg td fuech dg tnèr dwg str`gatns td tmk` jnmra` di tnèr cev`s, mgh td mhhr`ss tnèr `xpr`ss`h

g``hs. Rcmggega idr sustmegmfecety r`quer`s jdgseh`rega mcc di tn` idccdwega imjtdrs?

Jucturmccy sustmegmfc`?Hd`s tn` fmsej mpprdmjn dr jdgj`pt t wetneg mgh fuech dg cdjmcf`ceìs mgh trmhetedgs, dr wecc et f` s``g ms mg dutseh`rs eh`m mgh gdt f` mjj`ptmfc` dr jdgtegu`h

wn`g tn` Ydcugt``rs c`mv`4

Rdcetejmccy sustmegmfc`?Qn`g tn`r` es gd cdga`r mg dutseh`r, sujn ms m R`mj` Jdrps Ydc-ugt``r, eg tn` prdo`jt, wecc et f` sustmegmfc` wetneg tn` sdjedpdcetejmc jdgt`xt4

@jdgdlejmccy sustmegmfc`?Qecc tn`r` f` suije`gt cdjmc r`sdurj`s dr tn` jmpmjety tda`g`rmt` tn`l wn`g suppdrtev` dutseh`rs, sujn ms Ydcugt``rs, c`mv`4

Lmgma`remccy sustmegmfc`?Qecc tn`r` f` tn` cdjmc lmgma`l`gt jmpmjety td jmrry dg tn`wdrk wn`g tn` Ydcugt``rs c`mv`4

@gverdgl`gtmccy sustmegmfc`?Ms tn` prdo`jt ardws, wecc tn` `gverdgl`gt f` mfc` td

sustmeg tn` us` di r`sdurj`s4

CDGA-X@VL Y@VZPZ ZNDVX-X@VL MRRVDMJN@Z

Nulmg jmpmjety fuechega es fy ets gmtur` m cdga-t`rl prdj`ss. Eg

h`v`cdpl`gt et es dit`g ldr` mpp`mcega td wdrk dg sndrt-t`rl admcs

tnmt jmg f` jdlpc`t`h quejkcy. Idr `xmlpc`, eg mg mr`m tnmt g``hs

jc`mg wmt`r, et leant mpp`mr td f` ldst ìje`gt td selpcy fuech

veccma` w`ccs sd tnmt p`dpc` jmg nmv` jc`mg wmt`r. M ner`h jr`w

jduch jdl` eg mgh hd et quejkcy mgh c`mv`.

Eg m jmpmjety fuechega mpprdmjn, tn` r`mc admc es fuechega tn`jmpmjety wetneg tn` jdllugety td eh`gteiy tn` jnmga`s tn`y wmgt

td lmk`, eh`gteiy tnèr str`gatns, pcmg tn` prdo`jt, mgh fuech mgh

lmegtmeg tn` w`ccs tn`ls`cv`s. Xnes mpprdmjn leant egjcuh` wdrk-

ega wetn m ydutn h`v`cdpl`gt GAD idjus`h dg odf skeccs trmegega,

n`cpega tn`l t`mjn yduga p`dpc` w`cc heaaega mgh lmegt`gmgj`

skeccs. Xnes leant tmk` m y`mr dr ldr`, fut et fuechs jmpmjete`s tnmt

cmst dv`r tel`.


17/286


NDQ HD@Z XN@ R@MJ@ JDVRZXVMGZIDVL EH@MZ EGXD MJXEDG4

Qnec` s`ghega 02 w`cc-egt`gtedg`h Ydcugt``rs egtd m jdugtry, mjn td hd addh wdrk eg heii`r`gt wmys,

leant uctelmt`cy r`suct eg sdl` addh dutjdl`s, et wduch f` heijuct td pmegt mg dv`rmcc pejtur` di

wnmt tn` R`mj` Jdrps es hdega. Et wduch mcsd f` nmrh idr tn` Ydcugt``rs mgh ndst jdugtry jdllugety

pmrtg`rs td s`` wn`tn`r dr gdt tn`y w`r` mjjdlpcesnega sdl`tnega sustmegmfc`. Xd jr`mt` m pdsetev`,

cdga-t`rl elpmjt, et es g`j`ssmry td kgdw wnmt tn` ndst jdugtry ndp`s td mjjdlpcesn, wnmt tn` R`mj`Jdrps Ydcugt``rs mr` mjtumccy adega td hd tdwmrh tnmt iidrt, ndw tn`y wecc hd et, mgh ndw td pr`pmr`

tn`l idr tn` wdrk mn`mh. Xn` R`mj` Jdrps `gsur`s cmstega elpmjt fy dramgezega Ydcugt``r ìidrts

strmtàejmccy tnrduan jdugtry prdarml strmtàe`s mgh prdo`jts tnmt nmv` w`cc-tnduant-dut purpds`s,

admcs, mgh dfo`jtev`s.

R`mj` Jdrps jdugtry prdarml strmtàe`s mr` h`seag`h irdl tnr`` pdegts di ve`w.

Dg` pdegt di ve`w es tn` predrete`s mgh g``hs xpr`ss`h eg tn` ndst jdugtre`s gmtedgmc pcmgs

idr h`v`cdpl`gt.

Mcwmys elpdrtmgt mr` cdjmc jdllugete`s xpr`ss`h predrete`s idr mssestmgj`. Eg eh`gteiyega

jdllugety predrete`s, et es elpdrtmgt td `gsur` tnmt mcc l`lf`rs r`pr`s`gtega tn` hev`rsety

di tn` jdugtry nmv` m vdej` eg tn` hesjussedgs (`.a., fdtn wdl`g mgh l`g, `tngej ardups,

r`ceaedgs, jmst`/jcmss, mgh ma`).

Xn` R`mj` Jdrps tnr`` admcs, pnecdsdpny, r`sdurj`s, mgh mvmecmfecety di Ydcugt``rs lust

mcsd f` jdgseh`r`h.

=

6

:

JDPGXVUGMXEDGMCRVEDVEXE@Z

R@MJ@JDVRZ

YDCPGX@@VZ

CDJMCRVEDVEXE@Z

MGHV@ZDPVJ@Z

Qn`r` tn`s` tnr`` pdegts

di ve`w jdl` tda`tn`r

ce`s tn` jdlldg ardugh

tnmt prdveh`s tn` ar`mt`stdppdrtugety idr h`seagega

m strmtày wetn

sustmegmfc` r`sucts.


18/286

=2 R`mj` Jdrps

Xn` setumtedg f`cdw h`ldgstrmt`s ndw mcc tnr`` pdegts di ve`w mr` jdgseh`r`h eg h`seagega m strmt`ay.

M predrety idr m gmtedgmc adv`rgl`gt wms td prdldt` `hujmtedg. Xn`

adv`rgl`gt h`sjref`h ets admcs eg m Iev`-U`mr Rcmg hdjul`gt mgh mcsd

mccdjmt`h iughega idr tn` iidrt. Mt tn` cdjmc c`v`c, pmr`gts w`r` r`qu`stega

ldr` sjnddcs mgh t`mjn`rs sd stuh`gts wduch gdt nmv` td ldv` td cmra`

jete`s td ad td sjnddc. Xn` adv`rgl`gt nmh iughega idr jdgstrujtega sjnddcs.

Et mcsd h`v`cdp`h m prdarml td aev` nean sjnddc armhumt`s sex ldgtns

di t`mjn`r trmegega sd tn`y jduch stmii tn` g`w sjnddcs. Xn` R`mj` Jdrps

r`jdagez`h tn` elpdrtmgj` di `hujmtedg idr h`v`cdpl`gt eg ets prdarml

strmt`ay. Ydcugt``rs w`r` mvmecmfc`. M prdo`jt wms tn`g h`seag`h wetn

tn` Legestry di @hujmtedg td prdveh` r`sdurj` t`mjn`rs td wdrk wetn tn`

g`w ndst jdugtry gmtedgmc t`mjn`rs td elprdv` tn` qumcety di `hujmtedg

prdveh`h eg tn` g`w sjnddcs.

[@xj`rpt`h irdlRrdarmllega mgh XrmegegaFddkc`t =? Xn` Fmsejsidr R`mj` Jdrps Ztmii mgh Ndst Jdugtry Ma`gjy

Rmrtg`rs, R`mj` Jdrps, Qmsnegatdg, HJ. 6222. (EJ@ X2==:)\


19/286

VYEH? Xddckets idr Fuechega Jmpmjety ==

PGH@VZXMGHEGA NDQ UDP IEXEGXD XN@ H@Y@CDRL@GX IVML@QDVK

Dgj` ydu nmv` jdlpc`t`h ydur Rr`-Z`rvej` Xrmegega mgh mr` swdrg eg ms m Ydcugt``r, ydu mr` msseag`h

td cev` eg m pmrtejucmr jdllugety mgh wdrk eg m s`jtdr-sp`jej Rrdo`jt tnmt nms f``g h`v`cdp`h fy

R`mj` Jdrps stmii eg jdccmfdrmtedg wetn ndst jdugtry h`v`cdpl`gt pcmgg`rs. Udur R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jt

nms admcs mgh strmt`ae`s fms`h dg ndst jdugtry gmtedgmc predrete`s, Ydcugt``r r`sdurj`s, mgh cdjmccy`xpr`ss`h predrete`s. (Z`` tn` Acdssmry mt tn` `gh di tnes Egtrdhujtdry s`jtedg idr h`tmec`h h`getedgs

di R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jt, jdllugety prdo`jt, mgh dtn`r t`rls us`h ir`qu`gtcy eg tnes lmgumc.)

Pgh`rstmghega ndw ydu t egtd tnes h`v`cdpl`gt irml`wdrk es gdt ugcek` puttega tda`tn`r m rmtn`r

jdlpc`x puzzc`dgj` ydu a`t m i`w di tn` ldst elpdrtmgt pe`j`s eg pcmj`, ydu f`aeg td vesumcez` tn`

wndc` pejtur`. Eg a`ttega stmrt`h, et lmy f` n`cpiuc td jdgseh`r tn` idccdwega tnr`` lmodr jdlpdg`gts

eg tnes h`v`cdpl`gt puzzc`? tn` pcmy`rs, tn` prdj`ss`s, mgh tn` pcmgs.

XN@ RCMU@VZ

Udu, tn` Ydcugt``r

Udur ndst jdllugety

Zp`jej eghevehumcs mgh/dr ardups wetneg tn` jdllugety wnd nmv` f``g eh`gte`h eg tn` R`mj`

Jdrps Rrdo`jt Rcmg td wnejn ydu mr` msseag`h

Dtn`r eghevehumcs mgh ardups wnd `xpr`ss m h`ser` td a`t egvdcv`h eg mjtevete`s r`cmt h td ydur

msseagl`gt mr`m dr wnd eh`gteiy g`w predrete`s idr wnejn ydu nmv` sdl` `xp`rtes`/egt`r`st

Udur Jdugt`rpmrt/s (wdl`g, l`g, dr ydutn eg ydur jdllugety wnd snmr` r`spdgsefecete`s wetn

Ydcugt``rs td jmrry dut prdo`jt mjtevete`s, `.a., t`mjn`rs, n`mctn jcegej gurs`, pr`seh`gt di m cdjmc

wdl`gs ardup, cdjmc fuseg`ss c`mh`r)

Udur sup`rvesdr (usumccy m p`rsdg eg m c`mh`rsnep jmpmjety eg tn` ndst jdugtry dramgezmtedg dr

ma`gjy tnmt es tn` prelmry spdgsdr di ydur Rrdo`jt)

R`mj` Jdrps stmii (`sp`jemccy ydur MRJH)

R`mj` Jdrps trmeg`rs

XN@ H@Y@CDRL@GX RP__C@

XN@RCMU@VZ

XN@RVDJ@ZZ@Z

XN@RCMGZ


20/286

=6 R`mj` Jdrps

Xd f` mg ìi`jtev` Ydcugt``r, ydu wecc g``h td fuech mgh sustmeg r`cmtedgsneps wetn `mjn di tn`s`

p`dpc` dr ardups di p`dpc` hurega ydur R`mj` Jdrps s`rvej`. Xn`y mr` egtàrmc td ydur ii`jtev`g`ss.

Eg ldst R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jts, tn` MRJH mgh ndst jdugtry sup`rvesdr nmv` mcr`mhy eh`gte`h

dg` dr ldr` eghevehumcs mgh ardups wetn wndl tn` Ydcugt``r wecc wdrk. Xn`s` p`dpc` mr` cdjmc

jdllugety l`lf`rs wnd wecc f` prdo`jt f`g`jemre`s mgh pmrtejepmgts eg tn` prdj`ss. Idr xmlpc`,

m Aercs @hujmtedg Rrdo`jt leant tmra`t prelmry sjnddc stuh`gts, t`mjn`rs, mgh pmr`gts. Dr, mg GAD

Ztr`gatn`gega Rrdo`jt leant eh`gteiy twd dr tnr`` jdllugety-fms`h ardups ms pdt`gtemc Rrdo`jtpmrtejepmgts. H`p`ghega dg tn` jdllugety mgh gmtur` di tn` wdrk, tn` Ydcugt``r leant mcsd wdrk

wetn ardups tnmt w`r` gdt dreaegmccy eh`gte`h, dr `v`g dramgez` g`w ardups di eghevehumcs wnd

`xpr`ss mg egt`r`st eg m pmrtejucmr essu`.

Eg sdl` jms`s, tn` MRJH mgh tn` spdgsdrega ma`gjy dr dramgezmtedg wecc eh`gteiy tn` Ydcugt``rs

Jdugt`rpmrt(s). Eg dtn`r jms`s, tn` Ydcugt``r nms tn` r`spdgsefecety di ghega mgh juctevmtega m

r`cmtedgsnep wetn dg` dr ldr` jdllugety l`lf`rs wnd wmgt td jdccmfdrmt` jcds`cy eg m Jdug-

t`rpmrt rdc`.

XN@ RVDJ@ZZ@Z Xn` gmtedgmc c`v`c h`v`cdpl`gt prdj`ss

Xn` R`mj` Jdrps prdarmllega mgh Rrdo`jt jyjc`

Xn` jdllugety mjtedg jyjc` (s`` g`xt pma`)

Udur dwg c`mrgega prdj`ss ms m g`w l`lf`r di tn` jdllugety mgh juctur`

Hurega ydur Rr`-Z`rvej` Xrmegega, ydur MRJH mgh trmeg`rs wecc freì ydu dg tn` gmtedgmc-c`v`c

h`v`cdpl`gt prdj`ss di ydur ndst jdugtry, R`mj` Jdrps prdarmllega strmtàe`s, mgh tn` vmredus

R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jts tnmt mr` jurr`gtcy ugh`rwmy eg ydur jdugtry di msseagl`gt. Xnes fea pejtur`

egidrlmtedg wecc s`rv` ms m fmjkhrdp idr tn` h`v`cdpl`gt prdj`ss`s eg wnejn ydu wecc f` her`jtcy

egvdcv`h? tn` sp`jejR`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jttd wnejn ydu mr` msseag`h mgh tn` h`v`cdpl`gt prdj`ssdgadega eg ydur jdllugety. Dg` elpdrtmgt hestegjtedg td lmk` n`r` es tn` heii`r`gj` f`tw``g m

R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jt mgh m jdllugety prdo`jt. Psumccy s`jtdr sp`jej, m R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jt es

fms`h dg m gmtedgmc ma`ghm fut idjus`h cdjmccy. Udu mgh s`v`rmc dtn`r Ydcugt``rs wecc f` msseag`h

td wdrk dg tn` sml` R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jt (tnmt es, tdwmrh tn` sml` jdlldg purpds` mgh admcs) fut

eg heii`r`gt jdllugete`s. Mt tn` jdllugety c`v`c, ydu wecc jdccmfdrmt` wetn ydur Jdugt`rpmrts mgh

dtn`r jdllugety l`lf`rs td pcmg mgh elpc`l`gt slmcc-sjmc` prdo`jts tnmt mhhr`ss cdjmc predrete`s

r`cmtega her`jtcy dr egher`jtcy td tn` admcs di ydur R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jt. Idr xmlpc`, m slmcc fuseg`ss

mhvesdr leant wdrk wetn `gtr`pr`gùrs td jr`mt` m cdjmc fuseg`ss mssdjemtedg. Xnes es m jdllugety

predrety mgh et mcsd jdgtrefut`s td tn` jmpmjety fuechega admcs (sujn ms str`gatn`gega c`mh`rsnep) di

tn` R`mj` Jdrps Zlmcc Fuseg`ss Rrdo`jt td wnejn tn` Ydcugt``r es msseag`h.

F`jmus` jmpmjety fuechega es m cdga-t`rl egv`stl`gt eg tn` jdllugety, R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jts ir`-

qu`gtcy nmv` m tel` irml` di eant y`mrs dr ldr`, mgh dit`g pcmj` luctepc` a`g`rmtedgs di Ydcugt``rs

eg tn` sml` jdllugete`s mgh/dr wetn tn` sml` dramgezmtedgs. Eg dtn`r wdrhs, wn`g ydu mrrev` eg

ydur jdllugety, ydu leant f` tn` s`jdgh dr tnerh Ydcugt``r wnd nms wdrk`h tn`r` eg ydur pmrtejucmr

t`jngejmc s`jtdr mgh Rrdo`jt msseagl`gt. Eg sujn jms`s, ydu wecc g``h td jmrìuccy h`g` ydur rdc`

eg ceant di tn` mjjdlpcesnl`gts di tn` Ydcugt``rs wnd jml` fìdr` ydu mgh/dr tn` prdo`jt`h admcs

di tnds` wnd wecc idccdw ydur tdur.


21/286

VYEH? Xddckets idr Fuechega Jmpmjety =:

XN@ RCMGZ

Gmtedgmc-c`v`c cdga-rmga` pcmgs idr sdjed`jdgdlej mgh `jdcdaejmc h`v`cdpl`gt

R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo jt Rcmg (s jtdr-sp`jej pcmg tnmt h`tmecs tn` purpds`, admcs, mgh mjtevete`s, mgh

s`rv`s ms m aueh` idr mcc Ydcugt``rs msseag`h td tnmt pmrtejucmr Rrdo`jt)

Cdjmc prdo`jt pcmgs (slmcc sjmc pcmgs ydu mgh ydur jdllugety hrmit td aueh` mgh ldgetdr cdjmc

h`v`cdpl`gt mjtevete`s)

Msk ydur MRJH mgh trmeg`rs idr m jdpy di ydur R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jt Rcmg mgh xmleg` et eg ceant di

`mjn di tn` rdc`s h`sjref`h eg tn` Xddcket. Xn` Rrdo`jt pcmg wecc aev` ydu auehmgj` dg `stmfcesnega

tn` predrete`s mgh pmrml`t`rs di ydur jmpmjety-fuechega wdrk mgh et wecc n`cp ydu ugh`rstmgh ndw

ydu mgh ydur jdllugety mr` jdgtrefutega td tn` gmtedgmc ma`ghm.

XN@ JDLLPGEXU MJXEDG JUJC@

Zegj` ldst di ydur wdrk wecc idjus dg cdjmc h`v`cdpl`gt, et es us`iuc td ugh`rstmgh tn` pnms`s m

jdllugety ldv`s tnrduan ms et eh`gte`s ets predrete`s mgh tmk`s mjtedg td lmk` h`ser`h jnmga`s.

N`r` es m hemarml di tn` prdj`ss?

[Xn` Jdllugety Mjtedg Jyjc` hemarml es xj`rpt`h wetn p`rlessedg irdlNdw td Ldfecez` Jdllugete`s idr N mctn mgh

Zdjemc Jnmga`(hrmit idrl). Cesm Ndwmrh-Armflmg mgh Amec Zg`trd. Zmv` tn` Jnechr`g I`h`rmtedg, Q`stpdrt, JX. =5>5\

XN@ JDLLPGEXU MJXEDG JUJC@

RCMGGEGAXDA@XN@V

Ndw wecc w` a`ttn`r`4

JDLLPGEXUMJXEDGZ

Ad mn`mh wetn pcmg

@^RCDVEGA XN@ZEXPMXEDG &

Z@XXEGA RVEDVEXE@Z

Qn`r` mr` w` gdw mghwn`r` hd w` wmgt

td ad4

A@XXEGADVAMGE_@H

&EH@GXEIUEGAV@ZDPVJ@Z

@YMCPMXEGA &J@C@FVMXEGA

XDA@XN@V

Ndw heh w` hd;wnmt heh w` c`mrg4


22/286

=8 R`mj` Jdrps

Eg r`mcety, m aev`g jdllugety wecc ldv` tnrduan tnes jyjc` dv`r mgh dv`r mameg, mgh tn` c`gatn di

`mjn jyjc` wecc vmry mjjdrhega td tn` gmtur` mgh sjdp` di tn` mjtedgs ugh`rtmk`g. H`p`ghega dg tn`

sez` mgh jdlpc`xety di tn` jdllugety, tn`r` lmy f` dv`rcmppega dr jdgjurr`gt jyjc`s. Fy fèga

mwmr` di tn` jdllugety mjtedg jyjc`, ydu jmg us` et td n`cp ydu mss`ss ydur pmrtejucmr setumtedg?

Qn`r` es ydur jdllugety eg ets h`v`cdpl`gt jyjc` eg r`cmtedg td ydur R`mj` Jdrp Rrdo`jt4 Ms ydu

amtn`r egidrlmtedg td mhhr`ss tnmt qu`stedg, ydu fàeg td ugh`rstmgh ndw mgh wn`r` ydu leant t

egtd tn` pejtur`.

Idr `xmlpc`, ei ydu mr` mg @hujmtedg RJY msseag`h td t`mjn lmtn mgh sje`gj` eg m s`jdghmry

sjnddc, tn`g quet` dfveduscy ydu wdrk wetn t`mjn`rs mgh stuh`gts, mgh m sezmfc` pdrtedg di ydur

msseagl`gt es w`cc h`g`h (pcmg c`ssdgs, t`mjn jcmss`s, armh` pmp`rs, mtt`gh l``tegas wetn dtn`r

t`mjn`rs). C`t us suppds` ydur sjnddc nms m strdga, h`hejmt`h her`jtdr mgh s`v`rmc qumccy jdllett`h

imjucty wnd nmv` eh`gte`h twd predrete`s idr tn` jdlega y`mregjr`msega aercs `grdccl`gt mgh

rmesega stuh`gts lmtn sjdr`s dg tn` gmtedgmc `xml. Eg sujn m jms`, pmrt di ydur rdc` wduch f` td

mssest tn`l eg h`v`cdpega prdo`jts dr mjtevete`s tnmt mhhr`ss tn`s` predrete`s. Ms tel` ad`s fy mgh

ydur r`cmtedgsneps wetn tn` jdllugety mgh sjnddc ardw strdga`r, ydur rdc` wecc eg`vetmfcy tmk`

dg g`w hel`gsedgs. Zdl` di tn` t`mjn`rs leant f` elpr`ss`h fy ydur eggdvmtev` mpprdmjn`s eg

tn` jcmssrddl mgh wmgt ydu td c`mh m s`re`s di eg-s`rvej` wdrksndps dg l`tndhs mgh lmt`remcs.

Dr lmyf` ms m r`suct di ydur us` di jdllugety jdgt`gt-fms`h egstrujtedg (JJFE), s`v`rmc yduga

p`dpc` leant `xpr`ss m h`ser` td a`t egvdcv`h eg pmrtejucmr `xtrmjurrejucmr prdo`jts mgh ydu wduchh`jeh` td n`cp tn`l a`t dramgez`h.

Ms tnes `xmlpc` eccustrmt`s, ydur rdc` es sdl`tnega tnmt wecc `vdcv` dv`r tel`. Et es gdt mh ndj, gdr

es et tdtmccy pr`hejtmfc`. Eghevehumc p`dpc`, ardups, mgh jdllugete`s mr` hygmlej. Dgj` ydu stmrt

tmkega mjtedg ms m Ydcugt``r, ydu egetemt` jnmga` fdtn eg ydurs`ci mgh eg dtn`rs mrdugh ydu. N`r` mr`

sdl` k`y qu`stedgs td a`t ydu stmrt`h.

YDCPGX@@V C@ZZDGZ C@MVG@H

R@MJ@ JDVRZ ZCDYMKEM, 6222

Udur rdc` wecc f` td mhves` ydur Jdugt`rpmrts mgh td mssest tn`l eg mjjdlpcesnega

tnèr dwg admcs mgh dfo`jtev`s. Udur odf wecc f` td snmr` ydur `xp`re`gj`s mgh

eh`ms, trmgsi`rrega tn` skeccs mgh kgdwc`ha` ydu nmv`. Udu wecc wdrk eg jcds`

jddp`rmtedg wetn ydur Zcdvmk Jdugt`rpmrts; ndw`v`r, ydu lmy f` `xp`jt`h td

tmk` tn` egetemtev` eg h`v`cdpega egh`p`gh`gt prdo`jts wnec` mt tn` sml` tel`

egjcuhega ydur jdcc`mau`s eg tn` prdj`ss. Udur heii`r`gt p`rsp`jtev` wecc n`cp

ydu mgh ydur Zcdvmk Jdugt`rpmrts h`v`cdp g`w sdcutedgs mgh t`jngequ`s idr

lmgmaega tn` h`v`cdpl`gt di tn` dramgezmtedg.

Udu lmy f` irustrmt`h fy gdt fèga mfc` td oust hd et. Udur rdc` es td cest`g,

dfs`rv`, trmeg, mhves`, jdgsuct, mgh jdmjn. Udur `xp`rtes` mgh vmcu` ce` eg ydur

mfecety td trmgsi`r ydur kgdwc`ha`, td jdmjn Jdugt`rpmrts mgh egtrdhuj` tn`l

td eggdvmtev` mgh jr`mtev` mpprdmjn`s td prdfc`l sdcvega; ndw`v`r, tn` r`mc

jnmcc`ga` wecc jdl` eg elpc`l`gtega tn`s` g`w eh`ms. Xn` r`mc s`gs` di mjjdl-

pcesnl`gt wecc jdl` wn`g tn`s` eh`ms mjtumccy f`jdl` m pmrt di ydur jdcc`mau`s

wmy di tnegkega.

R`mj` Jdrps/Zcdvmkem Ydcugt``r Msseagl`gt H`sjreptedg (YMH),

GAD @gverdgl`gt Rrdo`jt


23/286

VYEH? Xddckets idr Fuechega Jmpmjety =0

K@U ]P@ZXEDGZ XD N@CR UDPF@AEG H@IEGEGA UDPV VDC@Z

QND4

Qnd ml E4 (Qnmt mr` ly mr`ms di `xp`rtes` mgh

egt`r`sts eg r`cmtedg td ly t`jngejmc msseagl`gtmgh ly jdllugetys xpr`ss`h h`ser`s dr mr`ms di

jnmga`4)

Qnd mr` tn` eghevehumcs mgh ardups eg ly jdllu-

gety4 Qnd di tn`s` p`dpc` mr` ldst ar`mtcy mii`jt`h

fy/egvdcv`h eg ly Rrdo jts mr`ms di idjus4 Qnejn

eghevehumcs dr ardups mr` eh`gte`h eg ly Rrdo`jt

pcmg ms k`y stmk`ndch`rs4

Nmv` dtn`r Ydcugt``rs wdrk`h eg ly jdllugety4

Ndw heh tn`y h`g` tnèr rdc`s eg tn` jdllugety4

Eg wnmt wmys leant tnèr r`cmtedgsneps mgh h`v`cdp-

l`gt mjtevete`s mii`jt ly rdc` eg s`rvega tn` sml`jdllugety4

Qnmt dtn`r h`v`cdpl`gt dramgezmtedgs wdrk eg

dr mrdugh ly jdllugety4 Qnmt es tnèr lessedg

dr admc n`r`4 Ndw hd tn`y r`cmt` td ly Rrdo`jt ms-

seagl`gt4 Ndw leant tn`y f` m pdt`gtemc suppdrt,

r`sdurj`, dr pmrtg`r4

QNMX4

Qnmt hd jdllugety l`lf`rs xpr`ss eg t`rls di h`ser`h jnmga`/g``hs/prdfc`ls4 Qnmt r`sdurj`shd tn`y nmv` td n`cp tn`l mjjdlpcesn tn` jnmga`s tn`y wmgt4

Qnmt mr` tn` admcs mgh dv`rmcc strmtàe`s di ly R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jt4 Qnmt hd`s tn` Rrdo`jt pcmg

stmt` mfdut jnmga`s eg f`nmvedr4 Qnmt hd`s tn` Rcmg smy mfdut jmpmjety fuechega4

Qn`r` hd ly R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jt admcs, tn` jdllugetys predrete`s idr jnmga`, mgh ly xp`rtes`

egt`rs`jt dr egt`rr`cmt`4 (Xnes egt`rs`jtedg h`g`s tn` mr`ms di prelmry idjus.)

NDQ4

Ndw jmg E `gama` wetn tn` jdllugety4 Ndw jmg E n`cp jdllugety l`lf`rs us` mgh/dr gh

r`sdurj`s td r`mjn tnèr admcs (mpprdmjn`s, strmtàe`s, l`tndhs, mgh tddcs tnmt wecc n`cp tn` jdl-

lugety mjne`v` ets admcs)4

Ndw hd p`dpc` eg tn` jdllugety jurr`gtcy jdllugejmt` mgh jdccmfdrmt` eg tnèr h`v`cdpl`gt

mjtevete`s4

Ndw jmg E fuech dg eghea`gdus kgdwc`ha` mgh trmhetedg eg ly h`v`cdpl`gt wdrk4


24/286

=9 R`mj` Jdrps

QN@G4

Qn`g hd ly Jdugt`rpmrt mgh E pcmg dur rst l``tega wetn tn` jdllugety4

Qn`g snduch E fàeg hdega pmrtejepmtdry mgmcyses mjtevete`s wetn jdllugety l`lf`rs/ardups4

Qn`g snduch E stmrt jd-pcmggega prdo`jts wetn egt`r`st`h p`dpc`/ardups eg ly jdllugety4

Ms ydu wdrk td gh mgsw`rs td tn`s` qu`stedgs, ydu mr` ìi`jtev`cy odegega ydur jdllugety eg etsh`v`cdpl`gt prdj`ss. Xd f` trucy jmpmjety idjus`h, tn` jdllugety wecc mcwmys f` ydur pmrtg`r eg

amtn`rega egidrlmtedg, lmkega h`jesedgs, tmkega mjtedg, mgh elprdvega dg ydur sujj`ss`s (dr c`mrg-

ega irdl ydur lestmk`s). N`r` mr` m i`w aueh`ceg`s td n`cp ydu mcdga tn` wmy.

JMRMJEXU FPECHEGA APEH@CEG@Z

Mrtejucmt` ydur rdc` ms m h`v`cdpl`gt pmrtg`r

mgh jmpmjety fuech`r; r`cmt` et td ydur t`jnge-

jmc msseagl`gt/Rrdo`jt.

Xmk` mjtedg td c`mrg mfdut p`dpc` (wnd tn`y

mr`, ndw tn`y cev` mgh wdrk tda`tn`r, wnmt

tn`y wmgt/g``h) mgh fàeg fuechega r`cmtedg-

sneps.

Z`c`jt mgh us` mpprdpremt` pmrtejepmtdry tddcs

mgh l`tndhs idr n`cpega jdllugete`s? eg-

vdcv` mcc stmk`ndch`rs (egjcuhega wdl`g mgh

ydutn), mss`ss tnèr str`gatns mgh r`sdurj`s,

eh`gteiy jnmga`s tn`y wmgt, mgh pcmg, elpc`-

l`gt, mgh/dr vmcumt` mjtevete`s dr prdo`jts td

mjne`v` mgh sustmeg tnds` jnmga`s.

Zndw r`sp`jt idr eghea`gdus kgdwc`ha` fy jdgsest`gtcy amtn`rega mgh mppcyega et eg wdrk-

r`cmt`h h`jesedgs mgh pcmgs.

Egetemt` mgh fuech r`cmtedgsneps wetn sup`rvesdrs mgh Jdugt`rpmrts, pmrtg`rega wetn tn`l eg

wmys tnmt prdldt` p`rsdgmc mgh prdi`ssedgmc ardwtn idr mcc egvdcv`h.

H`ldgstrmt` strdga egt`rp`rsdgmc skeccscest`gega, jr`mtega mppr`jemtev` jdgv`rsmtedgs,

`gjdurmaega dtn`rs, aevega/r`jèvega i``hfmjktnmt ldh`c pdsetev` c`mh`rsnep.

Jr`mt` dppdrtugete`sl`gtdrega r`cmtedgsneps, skeccs trmegega, `xpdsur` td g`w eh`mstnmt`gjdurma` c`mh`rsnep h`v`cdpl`gt idr ydur Jdugt`rpmrts mgh dtn`rs eg tn` jdllugety. Rcmg

egt`gtedgmc mgh tel`cy mjtedgs td `gsur` ydu sujj`ssiuccy snmr` c`mh`rsnep wetn dtn`rs

tnrduandut tnèr s`rvej`.

Imjecetmt` pmrtejepmtdry prdj`ss`st`mlfuechega, h`jesedg lmkega fy jdgs`gsus, prdfc`l

sdcvega, jdgejt lmgma`l`gt/gàdtemtedgtnmt `gjdurma` jretejmc tnegkega, egidrlmtedg

amtn`rega mgh mgmcyses, mgh sustmegmfc` jnmga`.


25/286


ACDZZMVU

Jdllugety Ps`h n`r` td h`pejt ldr` tnmg a`darmpnejmc cdjmtedg. Et lmy f` mgy di tn` idccdwega?

tn` veccma` dr gèanfdrnddh di tn` tdwg dr jety wn`r` tn` Ydcugt``r cev`s

egstetutedgs, sujn ms sjnddcs, dr sufhevesedgs di tnds` egstetutedgs, sujn ms m jcmss di stuh`gts

dr tn` imjucty

prdi`ssedgmc ardups, sujn ms s`jdghmry mgh ugev`rsety @gacesn t`mjn`rs, slmcc fuseg`ss mhve-

sdrs, `xt`gsedg ma`gts, dr imrl`rs, mldga dtn`rs

migety ardups irdl dg` dr ldr` cdjmtedgs, sujn ms m wdl`gs ardup, ydutn jcuf, dr egjdl`-

a`g`rmtega ardup

Jdllugety H`v`cdpl`gt M prdj`ss tnmt `gmfc`s eghevehumcs, imlece`s, dramgezmtedgs,fuseg`ss`s, mgh adv`rgl`gt ma`gje`s td jdl` tda`tn`r, c`mrg, h`v`cdp m vesedg mgh strmtày

idr tn` jdllugetys iutur`, lmk` w`cc-r`msdg`h mgh jdccmfdrmtev` h`jesedgs mfdut tnmt iutur`,

mgh wdrk tda`tn`r td jmrry dut tnds` h`jesedgsmcc tn` wnec` hrmwega updg tn` jdllugetys

jdcc`jtev` skeccs mgh mfecete`s.

Jdllugety L`lf`rs Xn` eghevehumcs wnd mr` tn` uctelmt` tmra`t di m prdo`jt egt`rv`gtedgmgh idr wndl tn` prdo`jt es wdrkega td elprdv` updg m fmsej cei` jdghetedg, e.`., iddh, sn`ct`r,

n`mctn, lpcdyl`gt, hujmtedg, egjdl`, mgh sd dg qumcety di cei` eghejmtdrs. Xn` Ydcugt``r wdrks

her`jtcy wetn jdllugety l`lf`rs.

Jdllugety Rrdo`jtZ`t di mjtedgs pcmgg`h mgh ugh`rtmk`g fy m ardup di p`dpc` eg r`spdgs`td m jdccmfdrmtev` h`jesedg td lmk` m jnmga` dr mg elprdv`l`gt. Jdllugety prdo`jts mr`

jnmrmjt`rez`h fy m nean hàr`` di pmrtejepmtedg mgh jdlletl`gt dg tn` pmrt di tn` jdllugety.

Jdugt`rpmrts/Jdllugety Rmrtg`rsXn` l`g, wdl`g, dr ydutn eg jdllugete`s wnd snmr`r`spdgsefecety wetn Ydcugt``rs td jmrry dut prdo`jt mjtevete`s. Xn`r` es mg xjnmga` di skeccs mgh

jucturmc egidrlmtedg f`tw``g Ydcugt``rs mgh tnèr Jdugt`rpmrts dr pmrtg`rs. Jdugt`rpmrts lmy f`

s`c`jt`h mt set`s predr td m Ydcugt``rs mrrevmc dr Ydcugt``rs lmy s`c`jt mpprdpremt` Jdugt`rpmrts

dgj` tn`y h`v`cdp r`cmtedgsneps mt tnèr set`s.

Ndst Jdugtry Ma`gjy Rmrtg`rsFdtn ndst jdugtry adv`rgl`gt legestre`s mgh cdjmc gdg-adv`rgl`gtmc ma`gje`s tnmt mr` jd-h`seagega, elpc`l`gtega, mgh mss`ssega m prdo`jt. Xn`r` lmy

f` m segac` ma`gjy dr s`v`rmc ma`gje s tnmt mr` egvdcv`h eg m prdo`jt eg sdl` rdc`.

R`mj` Jdrps RrdarmllegaXn` prdj`ss fy wnejn tn` R`mj` Jdrps mgh ndst ma`gjy pmrtg`rswdrk tda`tn`r td jd-h`seag, elpc`l`gt, mgh mss`ss Rrdo`jts tnmt mr` jmrre`h dut fy Ydcugt``rs

mgh jdllugety pmrtg`rs.


26/286

=> R`mj` Jdrps

R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jt Mcc Ydcugt``r mjtevete`s r`cmt`h td m jdlldg purpds`. Xn` purpds` esmjne`v`h fy elpc`l`gtega m s`t di admcs mgh dfo`jtev`s. M R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jt lmy f` h`g`h

fy s`jtdrs (idr `xmlpc`, m Jdllugety N`mctn Rrdo`jt, m Lejrd-@gt`rpres` Rrdo`jt) dr et lmy f`

idjus`h dg dg` essu` mgh egvdcv` s`jtdrs (idr `xmlpc`, m Ndus`ndch Iddh Z`jurety Rrdo`jt).

V`sdurj` H`v`cdpl`gt Xn` prdj`ss di eh`gteiyega, vmcuega, mgh ldfecezega tn` nulmg,pnysejmc, lmt`remc, mgh ldg`tmry r`sdurj`s tnmt `xest wetneg m jdllugety. V`sdurj` h`v`cdp-

l`gt `gv`cdps m weh` rmga` di eh`ms mfdut ndw g``h`h r`sdurj`s leant f` sdcejet`h dr `mrg`hwetnegtn` jdllugety mgh, s`jdghmrecy, sduant irdl `xt`rgmc sdurj`s.

Z`jtdr Mcc Ydcugt``r mjtevete`s wetneg dg` jdgt`gt mr`m. R`mj` Jdrps mjtevete`s mr` jcmsse`hmjjdrhega td tn` idccdwega s`jtdrs? marejuctur`, `hujmtedg, `gverdgl`gt, n`mctn, fuseg`ss

h`v`cdpl`gt, mgh ydutn. Qmt`r mgh smgetmtedg prdo`jts mr` egjcuh`h eg tn` n`mctn s`jtdr.

Ztmk`ndch`r Mgy p`rsdg dr dramgezmtedg tnmt m prdo`jt tdujn`s, `etn`r eg elpc`l`gtega tn`prdo`jt dr eg r`cmtedg td tn` mjtevete`s.

Zup`rvesdrM p`rsdg wetneg m adv`rgl`gt ma`gjy dr gdg-adv`rgl`gtmc dramgezmtedg eg jnmra` dim pmrtejucmr h`pmrtl`gt dr uget td wnejn Ydcugt``rs mr` msseag`h mgh fy wndl tn`y mr` sup`rves`h.

Eg sdl` jms`s, tn` sup`rvesdr jmg mcsd nmv` m jdllugety pmrtg`r r`cmtedgsnep wetn m Ydcugt``r.


27/286


GDX@Z


28/286

62 R`mj` Jdrps


29/286

XN@ VDC@Z DI XN@ YDCPGX@@VEG H@Y@CDRL@GX

Jmpmjety FuechegaXddcket

=


30/286


31/286

VYEH Xddcket =? Ydcugt``r ms C`mrg`r =

Jmpmjety Fuechega Xddcket =

YDCPGX@@V MZC@MVG@V

EG XNEZ XDDCKEX

KZM Lmtrex mgh C`mrgega Rcmg ................................................................................... 6

Qnmt Es m C`mrg`r4 ....................................................................................................... 6

LDH@CZ, JDGJ@RXZ, MGH JMZ@Z........................................................................ 8

Z`ci-Her`jt`h C`mrgega mgh tn` @xp`re`gtemc C`mrgega Jyjc` ..................................... 8

C`mrgega mgh Psega Eghea`gdus Kgdwc`ha` ............................................................... 1

Rrdfc`l-fms`h mgh Mss`t-fms`h Mpprdmjn`s td Jdllugety H`v`cdpl`gt .............. =2

Jdllugety Jmpmjety Fuechega .................................................................................. =9

Ztdre`s irdl tn` Ie`ch? Omlmejm ................................................................................. =>

EH@MZ MGH MJXEYEXE@Z IDV

RVMJXEJEGA UDPV VDC@ MZ M C@MVG@V ....................................................... =5

Jdllugety Qmcks ..................................................................................................... =5

Xn` Mrt di Mskega ]u`stedgs ..................................................................................... 6=

C`mrgega Mfdut tn` Nestdry di Udur Ndst Jdugtry .................................................... 6:

Qn`r` tn` R`dpc` Mr`? @xpcdrega Jdllugety Mjtevety Z`ttegas .............................. 68

Jdllugety Lmppega ................................................................................................. 69

Znmhdwega/Hemcdau` wetn Jdllugety Jdmjn`s .................................................... 6>

Amegega Cdjmc X`jngejmc Kgdwc`ha` ......................................................................... :2

Mtt`ghega m Cdjmc L``tega mgh Egtrdhujega Udurs`ci td tn` Jdllugety ................. :6

K``pega m Odurgmc ...................................................................................................... :8

K@U V@ZDPVJ@Z IDVLDV@ EGIDVLMXEDG MGH EGZEANX ............................................................... :0


32/286

6 R`mj` Jdrps

YDCPGX@@V MZ C@MVG@V

KZM LMXVE^ MGH C@MVGEGA RCMG

KGDQC@HA@ ZKECCZ MXXEXPH@Z

Kgdwc`ha`, Mhuct c`mrgega ldh`c; Jdllugety gtry mgh V`sp`jt idr cdjmc kgdwc`ha`;

skeccs, mgh jdllugety syst`ls; mss`ts `gama`l`gt skeccs, `.a., juredsety mfdut dtn`rs;

mttetuh`s mgh h`jets mpprdmjn`s td dfs`rvmtedg, egt`rve`wega, weccegag`ss td jdgseh`r

(KZMs) ydu jdllugety h`v`cdpl`gt; mgh cest`gega; egidrlmtedg dtn`rs dpegedgs, vmcu`s,

g``h idr tnes ndst jdugtry h`v`cdpl`gt amtn`rega, sygtn`ses, mgh l`tndhs

rdc` pcmg; R`mj` Jdrps prdarml- mgmcyses skeccs; egtrdhujega

lega; tndrduan ugh`rstmghega dg`s`ci td jdllugety

di R`mj` Jdrps Rrdo`jt/

t`jngejmc msseagl`gt

Udur Qnmt kgdwc`ha` ydu stecc Zkeccs ydu g``h td ameg dr Xnegas tnmt wecc n`cp ydu

egetemtev`s td g``h mgh wn`r` td gh et? elprdv` mgh ndw ydu jnmga` mgy mttetuh`s tnmt

c`mrg ldr` leant wdrk dg iurtn`r wecc negh`r ydur rdc`?

skecc h`v`cdpl`gt?

QNMX EZ M C@MVG@V4Xnes Xddcket s`re`s es h`seag`h td n`cp ydu h`g` mgh lmp dut ydur rdc` ms m jmpmjety fuech`r eg

ydur jdllugety. Dg` di tn` rst tmsks es td fuech ydur dwgjmpmjety mgh tnmt stmrts wetn tmkega

jnmra` di ydur c`mrgega prdj`ss. Udur ndst jdllugety es m pcmj` idr hesjdv`rym pcmj` idr

dfs`rvega, `xp`re`gjega, r``jtega, hrmwega jdgjcusedgs, mgh mppcyega c`ssdgs c`mrg`h. @v`g

wnmt ydu tnegk ydu kgdw mfdut ydur t`jngejmc `ch g``hs td f` r``vmcumt`h eg tn` ceant di ydur

g`w jucturmc `gverdgl`gt.

Xn` c`mrg`r rdc` es `sp`jemccy elpdrtmgt hurega ydur rst sex ldgtns dr sd mt set`, fut et es `qumccy

elpdrtmgt td pursu` jdgtegumc c`mrgega mjtevete`s tnrduandut ydur s`rvej` sd tnmt ydu k``p fuechega

dg ydur `xp`re`gj`s wetn Jdugt`rpmrts, jdcc`mau`s, mgh jdllugety l`lf`rs.

Xn` ldh`cs, eh`ms, mgh suaa`st`h mjtevete`s egjcuh`h eg tnes Xddcket s`re`s mr` dii`r`h ms dppdrtuge-

te`s idr s`ci-her`jt`h c`mrgega. Z`ci-her`jt`h hd`s gdt elpcy sdcetmry c`mrgega `xp`re`gj`, fut rmtn`r

tnmt tn` c`mrg`r tmk`s r`spdgsefecety idr lmst`rega g`w kgdwc`ha`, skeccs, mgh mttetuh`s. Hurega ydur

Ydcugt``r s`rvej`, w` msk ydu td `lfrmj` s`v`rmc k`y c`mrgega r`spdgsefecete`s.

C@MVG@V

VDC@


33/286

VYEH Xddcket =? Ydcugt``r ms C`mrg`r :

V@ZRDGZEFECEXE@Z DI XN@ C@MVG@V

Lmegtmegega mg dp`g stmt` di legh, dp`g td heii`r`gt eh`ms mgh wmys di hdega tnegas (m legh es

cek` m pmrmjnut`dgcy usìuc ei et es dp`g)

Xnduantiuccy r`mhega mgh r`ve`wega Rr`-Z`rvej` mgh Eg-Z`rvej` trmegega lmt`remcs

Mjtev`cy pmrtejepmtega eg suaa`st`h mjtevete`s, egjcuhega r``jtega dg ydur c`mrgega mgh snmregaydur p`rj`ptedgs mgh egseants wetn dtn`r Xrmeg``s mgh Ydcugt``rs

@gamaega wetn p`dpc` eg ydur jdllugety td c`mrg mfdut ydur t`jngejmc mr`m eg tn` cdjmc jdgt`xt

Egtàrmtega jucturmc mgh cmgauma` c`mrgega td ugh`rstmgh tn` t`jngejmc sufo`jt lmtt`r eg m

cdjmc jdgt`xt

Rrdvdjmtev`cy s``kega mhhetedgmc egidrlmtedg td iuccy ugh`rstmgh tn` essu`s mgh tdpejs

Z`ttega c`mrgega admcs idr ydurs`ci mgh wdrkega jdgsest`gtcy td mjjdlpcesn tn`l

V@LEGH@V? X jngejmc `xp`rtes` es dgcy usìuc ei ydu c`mrg td mhmpt mgh mppcy wnmt ydu kgdw

td t tn` cdjmc juctur` mgh `gverdgl`gt, mgh tn`g snmr` tnmt `xp`rtes` eg tn` cdjmc cmgauma`.

Udu jmg t`cc wn`tn`r m lmg es jc`v`r fy nes mgsw`rs.

Udu jmg t`cc wn`tn`r n` es wes` fy nes qu`stedgs.

Gmauef Lmniduz (Gdf`c Rrez` Qegg`r)


34/286

8 R`mj` Jdrps

Jmpmjety Fuechega Xddcket =

LDH@CZ, JDGJ@RXZ,MGH JMZ@Z

Z@CI-HEV@JX@H C@MVGEGA MGHXN@ @^R@VE@GXEMC C@MVGEGA JUJC@

Idr mhucts, tn`prdj`ssdi c`mrgega es m prdj`ss di mjquerega kgdwc`ha`, skeccs, mgh mttetuh`s sd tnmt

w` jmg sdcv` prdfc`ls mgh lmk` jnmga`s eg dur cev`s ms w` ldv` tdwmrh iucccega dur g``hs mgh

dur admcs. Xnes c`mrgega prdj`ss jmg f` jdgj`ev`h ms m idur-st`p jyjc`.

=. Q` `xp`re`gj` sdl`tnega.

6. Q` r`ve`w tn` `xp`re`gj` jretejmccy.

:. Q` hrmw m jdgjcusedg mgh/dr egi`r us`iuc egseants (c ssdgs c`mrg`h).

8. Q` mppcy dr try dut dur g`w egseants dr nypdtn`s`s eg m g`w setumtedg (wnejn c`mhs td mgdtn`r`xp`re`gj` mgh sd dg).

Xnes gmturmc prdj`ss es jmcc`h `xp`re`gtemc c`mrgega mgh w` us` et mcc tn` tel` mctnduan w` lmy

gdt f` jdlpc`t`cy jdgsjedus di tn` idur st`ps. Eg lmgy strujtur`h, mhuct c`mrgega setumtedgs, sujn ms

pr`-s`rvej` trmegega, w` try td h`seag ldst di tn` mjtevete`s td idccdw tn` `xp`re`gtemc c`mrgega jyjc`.

N`r`s wnmt tn` jyjc` cddks cek` eg m trmegega jdgt`xt?

@^R@VE@GXEMC C@MVGEGA JUJC@

@^R@VE@GJ@

RCMGGEGA MGH MR-RCEJMXEDGGdw Qnmt4

V@IC@JXEDGQnmt4

HVMQEGA JDGJCPZEDGZ/C@ZZDGZ C@MVG@H

Zd Qnmt4


35/286

VYEH Xddcket =? Ydcugt``r ms C`mrg`r 0

@^R@VE@GJ@?Xn` `xp`re`gj` tnmt mjte-vmt`s tn` xp`re`gtemc c`mrgega jyjc` lmy f` mg

`v`gt irdl ydur pmst, mg mjtevety ydu jdghujt

eg tn` ndst jdllugety (dfs`rvega m wdl`gs

ardup l``tega, vesetega tn` cdjmc lmrk`t, pcmy-

ega m aml` wetn cdjmc jnechr`g, mgh sd dg), dr

m jms` stuhy ydu r`mh mgh mgmcyz` wetn ydur

RZX ardup. Eg tnes st`p, ydu hdsdl`tnega drr`l`lf`r sdl`tnega ydu heh eg tn` pmst. Et

usumccy egvdcv`s ugjdv`rega g`w egidrlmtedg

tnmt r`quer`s m r`spdgs` irdl ydu.

V@IC@JXEDGes m wmy di xpcdregamgh sdrtega dut wnmt nmpp`g`h hur-

ega tn` `xp`re`gj` stma`. Qnmt g`w

egidrlmtedg hd ydu gdw nmv` mgh

wnmt hd`s et l`mg4 Qnmt i``cegas nms

et prdvdk`h eg ydu4 Ndw leant ydu

r`cmt` tn` `xp`re`gj` td tnegas ydu

mcr`mhy kgdw4 Ei ydu mr` pmrtejepmtega

eg m ardup mjtevety, ndw es ydur c`mrg-

ega `xp`re`gj` selecmr td dr heii`r`gt

irdl tnmt di dtn`rs4

HVMQEGA JDGJCPZEDGZMGH C@ZZDGZ C@MVG@H?Mit`r r``jtega dg tn` xp`re`gj`,

w` mrrev` mt tn` jretejmc stma` di

h`t`rlegega wnmt c`ssdgs jmg f`

c`mrg`h dr wnmt pregjepc`s jmg f`

hrmwg irdl tn` `xp`re`gj`. Xnes

es tn` sd wnmt stma`. Ndw hd`s

mcc di tnes t tda`tn`r4 Qnmt mr`

tn` lmodr tn`l`s dr egseants ydu

jmg egi`r irdl ydur `xp`re`gj`4Xnes stma` es `sp`jemccy elpdrtmgt

idr R`mj` Jdrps Ydcugt``rs f`-

jmus` ydu mr` tryega td egtàrmt`

c`mrgega eg m g`w jucturmc `gve-

rdgl`gt wetn tn` kgdwc`ha` mgh

skeccs ydu mcr`mhy nmv`.

@^MLRC@?

Udu snmhdw tnr`` heii`r`gt cdjmc

`gtr pr`gùrs wnd nmv` `stmfcesn`h

sujj`ssiuc jdttma` eghustre`s eg tn` ndst

jdllugety. Udu sp`gh tn` hmy wetn

tn`l, dfs`rvega, mskega djjmsedgmc qu`s-

tedgs, mgh td tn` xt`gt pdssefc` ydu odeg

eg td n`cp tn`l wetn sdl` di tnèr tmsks.

@^MLRC@?

Mt tn` `gh di `mjn di tn` snmhdwega `x`rjes`s, ydu

wret` hdwg ydur tnduants mgh i``cegas mfdut wnmt

ydu `xp`re`gj`h. Qnmt surpres`h ydu mfdut tnèr

fuseg`ss s`t-up, lmgma`l`gt, mgh prdhujtedg4Qnmt wms selecmr dr heii`r`gt mfdut tn`s` p`dpc`s

fuseg`ss wdrch mgh ydur pr`vedus xp`re`gj`s eg tn`

Pget`h Ztmt`s4 Ndw w`r` h`jesedgs lmh` mgh elpc`-

l`gt`h4 Ndw heh tn` `gtr`pr`gùrs nmghc` tnèr

imlecy r`spdgsefecete`s eg r`cmtedg td tnèr fuseg`ss

r`quer`l`gts4 Qn`g ydu s`` ydur i`ccdw Xrmeg``s,

trmeg`rs, dr Jdugt`rpmrts, ydu hesjuss dr prdj`ss

ydur dfs`rvmtedgs wetn tn`l tnmt es, ydu jdlpmr`

gdt`s mfdut ydur `xp`re`gj`.

@^MLRC@?

Fms`h dg ydur dfs`rvmtedgs mgh tnds` di ydur jdc-

c`mau`s, ydu hrmw sdl` jdgjcusedgs mfdut wnmt et

l`mgs td rug m cdjmc jdttma` eghustry. Qnmt mr` tn`

k`y egseants ydu f`ce`v` ydu nmv` ameg`h4 Qnmt jmg

ydu jdgjcuh` mfdut ndw p`dpc` l``t tnèr imlecy

mgh fuseg`ss rdc`s4 Qnmt msp`jts di tn` fuseg`ss hmy

w`r` typejmc idr mcc tnr`` jms`s (ndurs wdrk`h, typ`s

di mjtevete`s, mgh sd dg)4 Jmg ydu a`g`rmcez` mfdutwnmt p`dpc` jdgseh`r td f` tnèr lmeg jnmcc`ga`s ms

slmcc fuseg`ss dwg`rs4 Qnmt w`r` tn` fuseg`ss dwg-

`rs strmtàe`s idr h`mcega wetn m c`ss-tnmg-p`ri`jt

lejrd-fuseg`ss gverdgl`gt4 Mgh sd idrtn.


36/286

9 R`mj` Jdrps

RCMGGEGA MGH MRRCEJMXEDGes tn` stma` wn`r` ydu r`cmt` tn` c`mrgega

td ydur wdrch mgh mjtumccy stmrt usega tn`

egidrlmtedg. Ets jmcc`h tn` gdw wnmt

stma`. Qnmt wecc ydu hd heii`r`gtcy gdw

tnmt ydu nmv` c`mrg`h tn`s` c`ssdgs4 Ndw

wecc tnes g`w egseant n`cp ydu elprdv` ydur

t`jngejmc mfecety, ydur egt`rmjtedgs wetn tn`jdllugety, dr ydur jdccmfdrmtedg wetn ydur

Jdugt`rpmrts4 Ms ydu mppcy wnmt ydu nmv`

c`mrg`h, ydu a`g`rmt` g`w `xp`re`gj`s mgh

tn` `xp`re`gtemc c`mrgega jyjc` stmrts mcc

dv`r mameg!

Mcc idur di tn`s` stma`s mr` elpdrtmgt idr m rejn mgh jdlpc`t` c`mrgega `xp`re`gj`. Zdl`tel`s, w`

oulp tdd quejkcy irdl `xp`re`gj` td `xp`re`gj` mgh sndrtjnmga` tn` dtn`r tnr`` st`ps eg tn` c`mrg-

ega jyjc`. Et es elpdrtmgt td f` ms jdgsjedus ms pdssefc` di ydur dwg xp`re`gtemc c`mrgega prdj`ss`s

mgh tmk` tn` tel` td r`mccy r``jt, hrmw jdgjcusedgs, mgh mppcy c`ssdgs c`mrg`h fìdr` ldvega td

tn` g`xt `xp`re`gj`.

@^MLRC@?

Fms`h dg ydur jdgjcusedgs, wnmt mr`

sdl` wmys ydu jduch fàeg fuechega m

jdgsuctega r`cmtedgsnep wetn cdjmc slmcc

fuseg`ss dwg`rs4 Aev`g tnmt mcc tnr``

di tn` p`dpc` ydu snmhdw`h eh`gte`hpmrtejucmr jnmcc`ga`s, ndw wduch ydu

gh dut ldr` egidrlmtedg mfdut tn`s`

essu`s mgh fàeg n`cpega tn` fuseg`ss

dwg`rs mhhr`ss tn`l4

Xn` Rsyjndcday

di Zettega

p`dpc` eg Q`st`rg jevecezmtedg gd cdga`r nmv`

tel` idr `mjn dtn`r, tn`y nmv` gd tel` tda`tn`r,

tn`y hd gdt snmr` tn` `xp`re`gj` di tel`. Xnes

`xpcmegs wny Q st`rg`rs mr` egjmpmfc` di ugh`r-

stmghega tn` psyjndcday di settega. Eg veccma`s mcc

dv`r tn` wdrch, settega es mg elpdrtmgt sdjemc

mjtevety. Zettega es gdt m wmst` di tel` gdr es

et m lmgei`stmtedg di cmzeg`ss. Zettega es

nmvega tel` tda`tn`r, tel` td

juctevmt` sdjemc r`cmtedgs.

Mghr`ms Iuac`smga


37/286


C@MVGEGA MGH PZEGAEGHEA@GDPZ KGDQC@HA@

Eghea`gdus kgdwc`ha` es tn` kgdwc`ha` tnmt p`dpc` eg m aev`g jdllugety nmv` h`v`cdp`h dv`r

tel`, mgh jdgtegu` td h`v`cdp. Et es?

fms`h dg `xp`re`gj`;

dit`g t`st`h dv`r j`gture`s di us`;

mhmpt`h td cdjmc juctur` mgh `gverdgl`gt; mgh

hygmlej mgh jnmgaega (mcfèt sdl`tel`s scdwcy).

Eghea`gdus kgdwc`ha` es gdt jdgg`h td trefmc ardups dr tn` dreaegmc egnmfetmgts di mg mr`m. Et es gdt

`v`g jdgg`h td rurmc p`dpc`. Vmtn`r, mgy jdllugety pdss`ss`s eghea`gdus kgdwc`ha`rurmc mgh

urfmg, s`ttc`h mgh gdlmhej, dreaegmc egnmfetmgts mgh learmgts.

Eghea`gdus kgdwc`ha` es dit`g jdgtrmst`h

wetn sje`gteiej, Q`st`rg, egt`rgm-

tedgmc, dr ldh`rg kgdwc`ha`tn`

kgdwc`ha` h`v`cdp`h fy ugev`rsete`s,

r`s`mrjn egstetutedgs, mgh prevmt` rls

usega m idrlmc sje`gteiej mpprdmjn. Egr`mcety, tn`r` es dit`g m ar`mt h`mc di

dv`rcmp f`tw``g eghea`gdus mgh Q`st rg

kgdwc`ha`, mgh et jmg f` v`ry heijuct

td hestegauesn f`tw``g tn` twd. Eg lmgy

pmrts di tn` wdrch, eghea`gdus kgdwc`ha`

nms h`v`cdp`h mgh egt`rtweg`h mrdugh tn`

lmgma`l`gt di egtrdhuj`h jrdps. Jdii``

eg Cmteg Ml`rejm mgh jdrg eg Mirejm mr`

twd xmlpc`s.

F`jmus` eghea`gdus kgdwc`ha` jnmga`s dv`r tel`, et es sdl`tel`s heijuct td h`jeh` wn`tn`r m

t`jngdcday dr prmjtej` es r`mccy eghea`gdus, dr mhdpt`h dv`r tel`, dr m fc`gh di cdjmc mgh egtrdhuj`hjdlpdg`gts. Idr m h`v`cdpl`gt prdo`jt, ndw`v`r, et hd`s gdt lmtt`r wn`tn`r m prmjtej` es r`mccy

eghea`gdus dr mcr`mhy lex`h up wetn egtrdhuj`h kgdwc`ha`. Qnmt eselpdrtmgt es tnmt egst`mh di

cddkega dgcy idr t`jngdcdae`s mgh sdcutedgs irdl dutseh` tn` jdllugety, w` rst cddk mt wnmt es

eg tn` jdllugety. Q` tn`g ètn`r us` wnmt`v`r kgdwc`ha` es idugh td f` ìi`jtev` dr jdlfeg` tn`

f`st di fdtn.


38/286

> R`mj` Jdrps

XUR@Z DI EGHEA@GDPZ KGDQC@HA@

Egidrlmtedg Xr``s mgh pcmgts tnmt ardw w`cc tda`tn`r mgh wn`g td pcmgt

Y a`tmremg iddhs tnmt mr` jdlpc`l`gtmry prdtègs wn`g mt`g mt tn` sml` l`mc (Idr `xmlpc`,

jdrg mgh f`mgs prdveh` lujn ldr` prdtèg wn`g `mt`g tda`tn`r rmtn`r tnmg s`pmrmt`cy.)

Rrmjtej`s mgh X`jngdcdae`s Z``h s`c`jtedg mgh stdrma` l`tndhs Fdg`-s`ttega l`tndhs

Hes`ms` tr`mtl`gts

Z`msdgmc armzega pmtt`rgs

Fmrt`r mgh c`ghega prmjtej`s

F`ceìsF`ceìs jmg pcmy m iughml`gtmc rdc` eg p`dpc`s

cev`cenddh mgh eg lmegtmegega tnèr n`mctn mgh

tn` gverdgl`gt.

Ndcy idr`sts mr` prdt`jt`h idr r`ceaedus r`msdgs.

Xn`y mcsd lmy lmegtmeg m vetmc wmt`rsn`h. V`ceaedus i`stevmcs jmg f` mg elpdrtmgt sdurj` di

iddh idr p`dpc` wnd dtn`rwes` nmv` cettc` td `mt.

Xddcs @quepl`gt idr pcmgtega mgh nmrv`st

Jddkega pdts mgh elpc`l`gts

Lmt`remcs Ndusega jdgstrujtedg lmt`remcs

Lmt`remcs idr fmsk`try mgh dtn`r jrmit eghustre`s

@xp`rel`gtmtedg Imrl`rs egtàrmtedg di g`w tr`` sp`je`s egtd

`xestega imrlega syst`ls

N`mc`rs t`sts di g`w pcmgt l`hejeg`s

Fedcdaejmc V`sdurj`s Mgelmc fr``hs mgh learmtedg

Cdjmc jrdp mgh tr`` sp`je`s

Mvmecmfecety di pmstur` armss`s

Nulmg V`sdurj`s

Zp`jemcests sujn ms n`mc`rs mgh fcmjksletns Cdjmc dramgezmtedgs sujn ms kegsnep ardups,

jdugjecs di `ch`rs, dr ardups tnmt snmr` mgh

`xjnmga` cmfdr

@hujmtedg Xrmhetedgmc egstrujtedg l`tndhs

Mppr`gtej`sneps

C`mrgega tnrduan dfs`rvmtedg


39/286


Jdllugejmtedg Ztdre`s mgh l`ssma`s jmrv`h dg pmcl c`mv`s, adurhs, dr stdg`s

Idck l`hem

Ztdre`s, pd`try, sdgas, hmgj` (p`ridrl`h)

Xrmhetedgmc egidrlmtedg xjnmga` l`tndhs

[Mhmpt`h fy p`rlessedg irdlV`jdrhega mgh Psega Eghea`gdus Kgdwc ha`? M Lmgumc, pp. 1-5. Xn` Egt`rgmtedgmc Egstetut`

di Vurmc V`jdgstrujtedg (EEVV), Zecmga, Jmvet`, Rneceppeg`s. =559.\


40/286

=2 R`mj` Jdrps

RVDFC@L-FMZ@H MGH MZZ@X-FMZ@HMRRVDMJN@Z XD JDLLPGEXU H@Y@CDRL@GX

RVDFC@L- MGH MZZ@X-FMZ@H MRRVDMJN@ZMZ M JDGXEGPPL

Nestdrejmccy, lujn di tn` `ch xp`re`gj` eg jdllugety pmrtejepmtedg st`ls irdl wdrk fy Frmzecemg

`hujmtdr Rmdcd Irèr`, wnd us`h prdfc`l-pdsega l`tndhs td rmes` mwmr`g`ss di sdjemc prdfc`ls

mgh egoustej` td egjet` mjtedg fy lmraegmcez`h dr hesmhvmgtma`h ardups. Xn` prdj`ss es rddt`h eg

prdfc`l mgmcyses, r``jtedg, mgh mjtedg, mgh es fms`h dg tn` f`ceì tnmt jdllugety l`lf`rs g``h td

f` `gjdurma`h td tnegk jretejmccy mfdut prdfc`ls di hmecy cei` eg drh`r td lmk` h`jesedgs mfdut mghameg lmxelul jdgtrdc dv`r tnèr cev`s. Xnrduan m ugequ` l`tndh di mskega qu`stedgs mgh wdrkega

eg ardups, prdfc`l pdsega `lpdw`rs p`dpc` td tmk` jdgjr`t` st`ps tdwmrh elprdvega tn` qumcety

di tnèr cev`s.

Mss`t-fms`h mpprdmjn`s (mcsd kgdwg ms str`gatn-fms`h)

eh`gteiy mgh `lpnmsez` tn` pdsetev` msp`jts di m jdllugetys

wdrk dg mg essu` dr xestega f`nmvedrs tnmt prdldt` n`mctn mgh

w`cc-fèga. Mss`t-fms`h mpprdmjn`s ar`w dut di tn` dfs`rvmtedg

tnmt eg sdl` s`ttegas, prdfc`l- mgh g``h-idjus`h mpprdmjn`s

jmg h`pr`ss dr dv`rwn`cl ardups td tn` pdegt tnmt tn`y f`jdl`

elldfecez`h dr p`sselestej mfdut tn` pdssefecety di pdsetev`jnmga`. Mss`t-fms h mpprdmjn`s s``k td egjr`ms` s`ci-ìjmjy

fy lpnmsezega mgh fuechega updg wnmt eghevehumcs mgh ardups

nmv` mjjdlpcesn`h mgh h`-`lpnmsezega fcml` idr `xestega

prdfc`ls. N`r`, tn` lpnmses es dg eh`gteiyega mgh `gnmgjega

`xestega mss`ts, wnec` prdldtega g`twdrkega mldga ardups

mgh jdllugety l`lf`rs. Ms m r`suct, jdllugety l`lf`rs

i``c ldr` ndpìuc mgh ldtevmt`h mfdut tnèr mfecety td mhhr`ss

r`mc g``hs.

Rrdfc`l- mgh str`gatn-fms`h mpprdmjn`s mr` gdt xjcusev` di `mjn dtn`r. Xn`y mr` dg m jdgteguul.

Qnec` jdghujtega mg mss`ts-fms`h r`sdurj` egv`gtdry, egidrlmtedg ràmrhega prdfc`ls dr h`-

jets lmy surimj`. Qnec` jdghujtega m prdfc`l mgmcyses, p`dpc` lmy tmck di dppdrtugete`s. Mcc ditnes egidrlmtedg es elpdrtmgt td kgdw mgh us` eg h`seagega jdllugety h`v`cdpl`gt mjtevete`s. Eg

h`jehega wn`g td us` ètn`r dr fdtn di tn`s` mpprdmjn`s, dg` elpdrtmgt jdgseh`rmtedg es tnes? ndw

ydu fàeg tn` hemcdau` egu`gj`s tn` `g`ray c`v`c mgh `lpdw`rl`gt di tn` pmrtejepmgts. Eg dtn`r

wdrhs, ydur rst qu`stedgs mr` jretejmc.

Eg tn` sufs`jtedgs f`cdw, w` h`sjref` tn` prdfc`l-pdsega mgh mss`t-fms`h mpprdmjn`s eg ar`mt`r

h`tmec. Idr iurtn`r egidrlmtedg, s`` tn` V`sdurj`s s`jtedg di tnes Xddcket.


41/286

VYEH Xddcket =? Ydcugt``r ms C`mrg`r ==

XN@ RVDFC@L-RDZEGA MRRVDMJN(FMZ@H DG RMDCD IV@EV@Z L@XNDHZ)

Eg tnes mpprdmjn, h`v`cdpl`gt wdrk`rs fàeg fy mskega p`dpc` td cddk mt setumtedgs mrdugh tn`l

mgh eh`gteiy prdfc`ls tn`y mr` nmvega. Xnes hesjussedg es pmrtejepmtdry mgh lmy egjcuh` pejtur`s di

fdtn addh mgh fmh setumtedgs eg tn` jdllugety td stelucmt` m hemcdau` wetn jdllugety l`lf`rs.

Xn` prelmry qu`stedg td fàeg wetn es Qnmt prdfc`ls mr` ydu nmvega4 dr Qnmt prdfc`ls hd ydu

s`` eg tnes pejtur`4 Xn` mgsw`rs mr` us`h td wdrk wetn jdllugety l`lf`rs td hemagds` jmus`s

idr tn` prdfc`l mgh eh`gteiy sdcutedgs. Xnrduan tnes pmrtejepmtdry hemcdau`, jdllugety l`lf`rs

h`v`cdp m jretejmc mwmr`g`ss di tn` wdrch mrdugh tn`l mgh i``c lpdw`r`h td mjt dg tn` jdghetedgs

tnmt mii`jt tnèr cev`s.

Rrdfc`l pdsega es cek` m lege-c`mrgega jyjc` eg ets`ci, `lpdw`rega p`dpc` fy ldvega tn`l irdl m

h`sjreptedg di tn` setumtedg td mjtedg. Xn` prdfc`l es pds`h eg tn` idrl di m jdh`. Xnes jdh` jmg

f` m hemcdau`, pmrmarmpn, wdrh, pndtd, dr hrmwega. Idr `xmlpc`, m t`mjn`r jduch sndw m hrmwega

h`pejtega m ardup di stuh`gts stmghega tda`tn`r mgh mgdtn`r stuh`gt stmghega mpmrt irdl tn` ardup.

Xn` ardup di stuh`gts mr` cmuanega mgh pdegtega mt tn` cdg` stuh`gt. (Xnes setumtedg jmg stelucmt`

m hesjussedg mrdugh wny p`dpc` mr` dstrmjez`h irdl dtn`rs, egjcuhega trefmc heii`r`gj`s, egjdl`,

hesmfecete`s, NEY, mgh sd dg). Xn` c`mrgega ardup tn`g hesjuss`s v` s`ts di qu`stedgs, usega tn`

idccdwega idrlmt?

=. H`sjref` tn` setumtedg.

6. Eh`gteiy tn` prdfc`l.

:. V`cmt` tn` prdfc`l td ydur `xp`re`gj`.

8. Eh`gteiy tn` ugh`rcyega jmus`s di tn` prdfc`l.

0. Eh`gteiy jdgstrmegts mgh dppdrtugete`s idr mjtedg.

M prdfc`l dr jdh` snduch nmv` tn` idccdwega i mtur`s?

F` r`jdagezmfc` td jdllugety l`lf`rs.Xn` prdfc`l snduch f` ardugh`h eg tn` jdllugetys

`xp`re`gj`, gdt tn` Ydcugt``rs. (Z`` tn` RMJM tddcs eg Xddcket 6? Ydcugt``r ms Jnmga` Ma`gt

idr wmys td eh`gteiy prdfc`ls dr jdh`s.)

Rr`s`gt s`v`rmc sdcutedgs.Xd stelucmt` hesjussedg, tn` prdfc`l snduch nmv` s`v`rmc pdssefc`

sdcutedgs. Jdllugety l`lf`rs snduch i``c ir`` td snmr` tnèr eh`ms. Xr`mt tnes ms m frmegstdrlega

s`ssedg eg wnejn ouhal`gt es susp`gh`h mgh mcc jdgtrefutedgs mr` `gjdurma`h mgh jdgseh`r`h.

Mvdeh prdvehega sdcutedgs.M Ydcugt``r eg m prdfc`l-pdsega hesjussedg es ve`w`h ms m jd-

c`mrg`r eg m juctur` jerjc`. M juctur` jerjc` es m cev` mgh jr`mtev` hemcdau` eg wnejn `v`rydg`kgdws sdl` tnegas mgh eg wnejn mcc s``k td kgdw ldr` (Irèr`). Rrdfc`l pdsega pr`s`gts

dp`g-`gh`h prdfc`ls tnmt jmg f` h`mct wetn jr`mtev`cy mgh jretejmccy, aevega tn` mii`jt`h p`dpc`

m smy eg tn` prdj`ss.

Mvdeh dv`rwn`clega p`dpc`.Xn` prdfc`l snduch gdt f` sd ldtedgmccy jnmra`h tnmt et pr`v`gts

p`dpc` irdl tmckega mfdut et, fut snduch f` dg` tnmt tn`y jmg mhhr`ss. Msk ndst jdugtry jdcc`mau`s,

ire`ghs, R`mj` Jdrps trmeg`rs, MRJHs, mgh i`ccdw Ydcugt``rs idr mhvej`.


42/286

=6 R`mj` Jdrps

F` s`gsetev` td cdjmc juctur` mgh f`ceìs.H`sjrefega setumtedgs, gdt fcmlega, es tn` idjus di tnes

prdj`ss. Et es gdt m Ydcugt``rs rdc` td pr`mjn mgh ldrmcez`. Jn`jk wetn ydur Jdugt`rpmrt, sup`r-

vesdr, jdllugety `ch`rs, tdwg dijemcs, mgh ire`ghs td jdgrl tnmt tn` prdfc`ls pr`s`gt`h mr`

vmceh mgh mjj`ptmfc`. Xn`s` r`sdurj`s jmg mcsd aev` mhvej` dg ndw td mhhr`ss tn` prdfc`ls eg m

jucturmccy mpprdpremt` mgh s`gsetev` lmgg`r.

Qn`g tn` prdfc`ls dr jdh`s mr` jmrìuccy jnds`g mgh tn` hemcdau` es lmgma`h w`cc, cdjmc juctur`

es vmcehmt`h mgh jdllugety l`lf`rs kgdwc`ha` mgh mss`ts mr` eh`gte`h. Xn` r`sucts di tn`s`hemcdau`s mr` slmcc mjtedgs tnmt ldv` m jdllugety tdwmrh mhhr`ssega ets eh`gte`h g``hs.

Idr ldr` egidrlmtedg mfdut Rmucd Irèr`s mpprdmjn, r`mhR`hmaday di Ndp`?V`cevega R`hmaday di

tn` Dppr`ss`h. Rmdcd Irèr`. Xrmgscmt`h fy Vdf`rt V. Fmrr. Jdgteguul Rufcesnega, G`w Udrk. =558.

[X`xt dg prdfc`l pdsega mpprdmjn mhmpt`h irdl Egtrdhujtdry s`jtedg di Jdllugety Jdgt`gt-Fms`h Egstrujtedg (JJFE)

Lmgumc.R`mj` Jdrps, Qmsnegatdg, HJ. 6226. (EJ@ X2==6)\

Eg tn` fàegg`rs legh tn`r` mr` lmgy pdssefecete`s,

fut eg tn` `xp`rts legh tn`r` mr` i`w.

Znugru Zuzuke


43/286

VYEH Xddcket =? Ydcugt``r ms C`mrg`r =:

XN@ MZZ@X MRRVDMJN

XN@ IEVZX ]P@ZXEDG EZ JVEXEJMC

Jnmga` nmpp`gs tn` ldl`gt m qu`stedg es msk`h mgh tnmt jnmga` es her`jtcy

r`cmt`h td tn` qu`stedg.

]u`stedgs jmg prdhuj` p`rsdgmc pdw`r, vetmcety, str`gatn, n`mctn, mgh jdurma`

wn`g tn` qu`stedg tmk`s pmrtejepmgts egtd m pdsetev` spmj`.

]u`stedgs jmg prdhuj` w`mkg`ss, pdw`rc`ssg`ss, mgh h`pr`ssedg wn`g tn`

qu`stedg tmk`s tn` pmrtejepmgts egtd m gàmtev` spmj`.

Xn` prelmry idjus di mss`t-fms`h h`v`cdpl`gt es gdt dg prdfc`ls tnmt g``h td f` sdcv`h.

Vmtn`r, tn` `lpnmses ce`s eg `xmlegega `xestega jdllugety mss`ts mgh r`sdurj`s, `gnmgjega `xest-ega mjtevety s`ttegas, mgh `gjdurmaega jddp`rmtev` mjtevete`s. Fms`h dg tn` mssulptedg tnmt `v`ry

jdllugety nms ardups di p`dpc` wnd jdl` tda`tn`r idr prdhujtev` purpds`s, tn` mss`t mpprdmjn

s``ks td utecez` tn`s` xestega mjtevety s`ttegas td prdhuj` m prdhujt dr prdhujts td gnmgj` h`v`c-

dpl`gt. Eg tnes mpprdmjn, tn` prdj`ss di wdrkega tda`tn`r mgh h`v`cdpega m s`gs` di snmr`h vmcu`s

mgh admcs es oust ms elpdrtmgt ms tn` prdhujt prdhuj`h. Fy wdrkega tda`tn`r dv`r tel`, jdllugety

l`lf`rs idrl strdga fdghs tnmt wecc n`cp td suppdrt tn`l eg iutur` h`v`cdpl`gt iidrts. Xn` mss`t

h`v`cdpl`gt mpprdmjn `lpnmsez`s jdllugety-fms`h pcmggega eg wnejn jdllugety l`lf`rs mr`

egvdcv`h eg mcc pnms`s di wdrk mgh, egh``h, h`g` tn` v`ry gmtur` di tn` wdrk td f` hdg`. Jdl-

lugety imjecetmtdrs, egjcuhega Ydcugt``rs, nmv` ms lujn td c`mrg irdl wdrkega dg tn` prdo`jt ms hd

l`lf`rs di tn` jdllugety.

Xn` idccdwega pregjepc`s aueh` mss`t-fms`h h`v`cdpl`gt wdrk?

=. Rmrtejepmt` eg mgh jddp`rmtev`cy `gnmgj` jdllugety mjtevety s`ttegas.Ldst jdllugety jdgj`rgs mgh mspermtedgs mr` idugh wetneg imlecy, gèanfdrnddh, mgh jdllu-

gety-mjtevety s`ttegas. Xd ugh`rstmgh m pmrtejucmr jdllugety, try td dfs`rv` mgh lmk` s`gs` di

tn` pmtt`rgs di jurr`gt mjtevete`s mgh ndw r`sdurj`s mr` us`h, snmr`h, elpdrt`h, mgh/dr `xpdrt`h

r`cmtev` td tn`s` mjtevete`s. (Elmaeg` yega cek` m ferh, scdwcy jerjcega dv`r mgh mrdugh tn` jdl-

lugetywmtjn ndw p`dpc` ldv` mfdut eg rduteg` wmys, jdlfegega mgh r`jdlfegega egtd ardups

idr vmredus purpds`s.) Mjjdrhega tdFuechega dg Mss`ts eg Jdllugety H`v`cdpl`gt? M Aueh`

td Qdrkega wetn Jdllugety Ardups, tn`s` mjtev`, purpdsìuc ardupegas mr` jmcc`h mjtevety

s`ttegas mgh mr` fmsej ugets idr ugh`rstmghega mcc msp`jts di jdllugety cei`. Mjtevety s`ttegas

jmg f` h`sjref`h eg t`rls di tn` wnd, wnmt, wn`g, wn`r`, mgh wnys di `v`ryhmy cei`. @v`ryardup es cegk`h td dtn`rs fy jdlldg purpds`s mgh tn` us` di r`sdurj`s. Xd ugh`rstmgh mjtevety

s`ttegas, xpcdr` tn` idccdwega c`l`gts?

R`dpc` egvdcv`h (eghevehumcs dr ardups)

Xn`l`s di dppdrtugety mgh/dr jdgj rg `xpr`ss`h fy p`dpc` eg tn`s` s`ttegas

Ymredus ve`wpdegts r`cmt`h td tn` purpds`s di tn` mjtevety

Nestdrejmc jdgt`xt (ms et r`cmt`s td tn` pr`s`gt setumtedg)


44/286

=8 R`mj` Jdrps

@jdcdaejmc mgh/dr `gverdgl`gtmc imjtdrs r cmt`h td tn` s`ttega

Rrdj`ss di h`jesedg lmkega (pr`s`gt mgh h`ser`h)

Eg ydur rdc` ms m Ydcugt``r, et es elpdrtmgt gdt dgcy tnmt ydu eh`gteiy mgh h`sjref` ydur jdllu-

getys mjtevety s`ttega fut tnmt ydu mcsd pmrtejepmt` eg tn`l. Xn`s` ardups mr` ydur gmturmc `gtry

egtd tn` jdllugety.

6. @xmleg` `xestega jdllugety mss`ts.Xrmhetedgmccy, jnmga` ma`gts nmv` adg` egtdtn` jdllugety, idugh prdfc`ls, h`t`rleg`h jmus`s, mgh tre`h td x tn`l tnrduan h`v`cdpl`gt

prdo`jts. Xnes h`jet mpprdmjn es gdt g`j`ssmrecy fmh fut et hd`s t`gh td sneit tn` her`jtedg

mgh pdw`r eg tn` h`v`cdpl`gt r`cmtedgsnep td tnds` wnd nmv` tn` jmpmfecete`s mgh r`sdurj`s

eg qu`stedg, usumccy td tnegas mgh p`dpc` dutseh` tn` gèanfdrnddh dr jdllugety. Eg mg mss`ts

mpprdmjn, tn` jdllugety eh`gte`s mgh xmleg`s wnmt et nms eg t`rls di mcc nulmg, jdcdaejmc,

lmt`remc, mgh jdgdlej r`sdurj`s. (Gdt` tnmt mss`ts mr` wetneg tn` mjtevety s`ttegas.) Fàeg wetn

Eghevehumcs, eh`gteiyega tnèr skeccs, kgdwc`ha`, mgh jmpmjete`s, mgh cddkega idr wmys td cegk

eghevehumcs eg jdccmfdrmtev` mjtevete`s. G`xt, `xmleg` tn` Jetez`g Mssdjemtedgs? idr `xmlpc`,

jnurjn`s, ydutn ardups, wdl`gs ardups, imrl`rs dr sn`rl`gs jddp`rmtev`s, mgh sjnddcs. G`xt,

eh`gteiy Egstetutedgspr`s`gt eg tn` jdllugety? idr `xmlpc`, cdjmc, ràedgmc, mgh egt`rgmtedgmc

GADs, fmgks, ndspetmcs, mgh adv`rgl`gtmc ma`gje`s. N`cp tn` jdllugety lmk` cegkma`s wetnegjmtàdre`s dr mjrdss jmtàdre`s, fàeggega wetneg tn` jdllugety mgh prdj``hega dutwmrh. H`seag

prdo`jts tnmt egvdcv` heii`r`gt keghs di p`dpcègt`ra`g`rmtedgmc prdarmls, idr `xmlpc`

f`jmus` tn`y hrmw irdl m ldr` hev`rs` r`sdurj` mgh sdjemc fms`. Mvdeh h`v`cdpega prdo`jts

fms`h dg h`ser`s tnmt jmcc idr tdtmccy g`w mjtevety s ttegas mgh r`sdurj`s. Imjecetmt` hemcdau` wetn

jdllugety l`lf`rs mfdut wnmt mg elprdv`h mjtevety s`ttega leant cddk cek` (idr xmlpc`, wnmt

mjtevete`s, wetn wnmt r`sdurj`s, prdhujega wnmt4).

:. H`seag dr `gnmgj tn` `xestega mjtevety s`ttegas jdgsest`gt wetn vmcu`s,f`ceìs, mgh ruc`s di tn` ndst juctur`.H`v`cdpl`gt prdo`jts (wn`tn`r marejucturmc,slmcc fuseg`ss, n`mctn, `gverdgl`gtmc, dr dtn`r) g``h td t tn` jucturmc spmj` eg wnejn tn`y mr`

pcmgg`h. Rrdo`jts h`v`cdp`h mrdugh wnmt dutseh`rs gh vmcumfc`, addh, mgh mpprdpremt` lmy

f` dutseh` tn` cei` jdgt`xt di tn` jdllugety. Fìdr` h`seagega m prdo`jt wetn tn` jdllugety,hesjuss mgh try td ugh`rstmgh wnmt vmcu`s ugh`rce` tn` purpds`s idr tn` prdo`jt. Ms ydu fàeg td

pcmg wetn tn` jdllugety, pmy pmrtejucmr mtt`gtedg td tn`s` idur jucturmc i`mtur`s?

Zdjemc dramgezmtedg(imlecy ne`rmrjne`s; rdc`s di p`dpc` fms`h dg pdsetedg, jcmg stmtus,

ma`, a`gh`r, tngej ardup; syst`l di dfceamtedg; trmhetedgmc idrls di h`jesedg lmkega).

Jdgv`gtedgs di jdgv`rsmtedg(her`jt mgh egher`jt jnmgg`cs di jdllugejmtedg).

Xnegkega styc`(us` di sylfdcs irdl cmgauma` mgh dfo`jts irdl tn` `gverdgl`gt; ndw

p`dpc` trmhetedgmccy irml` tnèr p`rsp`jtev`s mgh ugh`rstmghega mfdut m pmrtejucmr h`v`c-

dpl`gt admc dr mjtevety).

Zdurj`s di ldtevmtedg wetneg m aev`g wdrkega ardup jdgt`xt(usega trmhetedgmc vmcu`sms m sdurj` di ldtevmtedg idr jdllugety mjtedg).


45/286

VYEH Xddcket =? Ydcugt``r ms C`mrg`r =0

8. @gjdurma` odegt mjtevety; prmjtej` egjcusedg mgh jdccmfdrmtedg; fuechr`cmtedgsneps.Eghevehumcs mgh ardups wdrkega jddp`rmtev`cy jmg nmv` m f`tt`r r`suct tnmgtnds` wdrkega eg esdcmtedg. Jdgjr`t`, lutumccy f`g`jemc r`cmtedgsnep fuechega ce`s mt tn` j`gt`r

di tn` mss`t-fms`h h`v`cdpl`gt prdj`ss.

0. @gama` eg r`jeprdjmc r`cmtedgsneps di mssestega mgh fèga mssest`h;turg sp`jtmtdrs egtd pmrtejepmgts; c`mrg irdl c`mh`rs; turg dv`r c`mh`rsnep

rdc`s td tnds` wetn prdles`.Mgy aev`g ardup es jdlpds`h di eghevehumcs wetn heii`r`gtskeccs, str`gatns, mgh w`mkg`ss`s. Ms cdga ms tn`

ardup es hrev`g fy m jdlldg prdhujtev` admc,

`mjn p`rsdg wecc jdgtrefut` skeccs mgh mssest

dtn`rs, wnec` r`jèvega mssestmgj` eg mr`ms wn`r`

dtn`rs nmv` ldr` xp`rtes`. Fy s`rvega ms fdtn

t`mjn`r mgh c`mrg`r, jdllugety l`lf`rs

egjr`ms` tnèr prdhujtevety mgh i``c ldtevmt`h td

p`rs`v`r` f`jmus` di tn` mssestmgj` mgh suppdrt

irdl dtn`rs.

9. @gama` eg qumcety prdj`ssndw et

es hdg` es ms elpdrtmgt ms wnmt eshdg`.H`v`cdpl`gt wdrk snduch mcwmys j`g-t`r dg mjtevety c`mhega td m prdhujt tnmt es el-

pdrtmgt td tn` jdllugety (idr xmlpc`, m slmcc

n`mctn jcegej, m jc`mg wmt`r suppcy, m sdjj`r `ch,

m jdllugety wddhcdt, dr m jdlput`r j`gt`r mt

tn` cdjmc sjnddc). Ndw`v`r, mctnduan tn` prdh-

ujt es tn` p`rjèv`h purpds` di tn` mjtevety, et jmg

dgcy f` prdhuj`h tnrduan jddp`rmtev` mjtevety.

Xn` prdj`ss di wdrkega tda`tn`r imjecetmt`s tn`

h`v`cdpl`gt di tn` skeccs, nmrldgy, mgh pmrtg`r-

sneps g`j`ssmry td jddrhegmt` tn` r`sdurj`s idrjdllugety h`v`cdpl`gt. M prdhujt wetndut m

addh jdccmfdrmtev` h`v`cdpl`gt prdj`ss wecc

imcc egtd hesus` mgh tn` wdrk wecc nmv` f``g di cettc` elpdrtmgj`. Fdtn m qumcety prdj`ss mgh

prdhujt mr` g`j`ssmry idr sujj`ssiuc h`v`cdpl`gt. (Z`` Xddcket 8, Ydcugt``r ms Jd-Imjecetmtdr

idr ldr` egseants mfdut ardup prdj`ss.)

Xn`r` mr` s`v`rmc vmremtedgs dg tn` mss`t mpprdmjn td h`v`cdpl`gt. Idr ldr` egidrlmtedg mgh rì`r-

`gj`s, s`` tn` V`sdurj`s s`jtedg mt tn` `gh di tnes Xddcket; mcsd r`mh Mppr`jemtev` Egquery ms mg

Dramgezmtedgmc/Jdllugety Jnmga` Rrdj`ss eg Xddcket 6, Ydcugt``r ms Jnmga` Ma`gt.

[X xt dg mss`t-fms`h mpprdmjn mhmpt`h irdlFuechega dg Mss`ts eg Jdllugety H`v`cdpl`gt? M Aueh` td Qdrkega wetn

Jdllugety Ardups.R`mj` Jdrps/Lejrdg`sem Rrdo`jt mgh Xrmegega Rcmg, =558\


46/286

=9 R`mj` Jdrps

JDLLPGEXU JMRMJEXU FPECHEGA

QNMX EZ JDLLPGEXU JMRMJEXU4

Jdllugety jmpmjety es tn` jdlfeg`h egu`gj` di m jdllugetys jdlletl`gt, r`sdurj`s, mgh

skeccs tnmt jmg f` h`pcdy`h td fuech dg jdllugety str`gatns mgh mhhr`ss jdllugety prdfc`ls

mgh dppdrtugete`s.

Jdlletl`gtrì`rs td tn` jdllugety-weh` wecc td mjt fms`h dg m snmr`h mwmr`g`ss di prdf-c`ls, dppdrtugete`s, mgh wdrkmfc` sdcutedgs. Et rì`rs mcsd td nèant`g`h suppdrt eg k`y s`jtdrs di

tn` jdllugety td mhhr`ss dppdrtugete`s, sdcv` prdfc`ls, mgh str`gatn`g jdllugety r`spdgs`s.

V`sdurj`srì`rs td nulmg, gmturmc, t`jngdcdaejmc, mgh gmgjemc mss`ts mgh tn` l`mgs td h`pcdytn`l egt`ccea`gtcy mgh imercy. Et mcsd egjcuh`s nmvega tn` egidrlmtedg dr aueh`ceg`s tnmt wecc gsur`

tn` f`st us` di tn`s` r`sdurj`s.

Zkeccsegjcuh`s mcc tn` tmc`gts mgh xp`rtes` di eghevehumcs mgh dramgezmtedgs tnmt jmg f` lmrsnmc`htd mhhr`ss prdfc`ls, sèz` dppdrtugete`s, mgh mhh str`gatn td `xestega mgh `l`raega egstetutedgs.

Jdllugete`s mgh tn` ardups mgh egstetutedgs wetneg tn`l vmry tr`l`ghduscy eg jmpmjety. Jmpmjety

es ameg`h eg hàr``s, sdl`tel`s scdwcy, dtn`r tel`s rmpehcy.


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NDQ EZ JDLLPGEXU JMRMJEXU FPECX4

Xn` tnr`` `ss`gtemc egar`he`gts di jdllugety jmpmjety

jdlletl`gt, r`sdurj`s, mgh skeccshd gdt oust nmpp`g. Vmtn`r

tn`y mr` h`v`cdp`h tnrduan iidrt mgh wecc, egetemtev` mgh c`mh`rsnep.

Idr `xmlpc`, ìidrt, wecc, egetemtev`, mgh c`mh`rsnep mr` g``h`h td?

Egvdcv` mgh hujmt` jdllugety l`lf`rs, n`cp snmp` dpegedg,mgh amcvmgez` jdlletl`gt td mjt.

Mttrmjt mgh jdcc`jt r`sdurj`s, jdlpec` egidrlmtedg, mgh snmp`

wmys idr h`pcdyega tn`s` r`sdurj`s td jmtmcyz` jnmga` eg

ndw prdfc`ls mr` mhhr`ss`h mgh dppdrtugete`s mr` sèz`h.

Dramgez` p`dpc` mgh wdrk, h`v`cdp skeccs, mgh jddrhegmt` dr

lmgma` m sustmeg`h ìidrt tnmt fuechs up tn` pdsetev` qumcete`s

di jdllugety cei` tnmt gmfc` m jdllugety td mhhr`ss prdfc`ls

mgh r`jdagez` mgh mjt dg ets dppdrtugete`s.

Xn` jnmcc`ga` idr m jdllugety, ardup, dr egstetutedg struaacega tdameg ldr` jmpmjety es td h`v`cdp ets dwg jdlletl`gt, r`sdurj`s,

mgh skeccs. Xn` jnmcc`ga` idr tnds` dutseh` tnmt pmrtejucmr

ardupfut wesnega td n`cpes td jr`mt` dppdrtugete`s

mpprdpremt` idr tnmt ardup tnmt jmg n`cp et ardw eg jmpmjety.

[Mhmpt`h fy p`rlessedg irdl L`msurega Jdllugety Jmpmjety Fuechega,

pp. =-8, Y rsedg :/50, Msp`g Egstetut`/Vurmc @jdgdlej Rdcejy Rrdarml. Mhmpt`h

fy p`rlessedg di Vmegfdw V s`mrjn, Egj., Legg mpdces, LG.\


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=> R`mj` Jdrps

ZXDVE@Z IVDL XN@ IE@CH?OMLMEJM

M yduga fuseg`ss lmodr wms msseag`h td tn` rurmc snega jdllugety di Xr`msur` F`mjn ms mg @g-

verdgl`gtmc Fuseg`ss Mhvesdr. N` sddg r`jdagez`h tn` elpdrtmgj` di h`v`cdpega rmppdrt wetn tn`

jetez`gs fìdr` n` jduch wdrk ii`jtev`cy wetn tn`l. Xd fàeg tn` prdj`ss, n` ell`rs`h nels`ci egtd

tn` jdllugety ruggegas.. N` r`cmt`h nes `xp`re`gj` ms idccdws?

Xd a`t lys`ci egtàrmt`h egtd tn` jdllugety, E pcmy`h iddtfmcc wetn sdl`

cdjmc ydutn. E pcmy`h hdlegd`s eg tn` cdjmc fmrs mgh sn`h twd td tnr``

tel`s m w``k wetn cdjmc sn`rl`g. E egtrdhuj`h lys`ci td cdjmc fuseg`ssp`dpc` mgh mtt`gh`h tn` Zdutn Jdmst V`sdrt Fdmrh Omlmejm Ndt`c mgh

Xdurest Mssdjemtedg (ONXM) l``tegas twej` m w``k. E egt`rve`w`h cdjmc

jdllugety p`dpc` td c`mrg wnmt tn`y wmgt`h, mgh E w`gt td sjnddcs. Mcc

tn`s` mjtevete`s mccdw`h l` td a`t mjqumegt`h wetn tn` jdllugety fìdr` E

fàmg wdrkega dg prdo jts.


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EH@MZ MGH MJXEYEXE@ZIDV RVMJXEJEGA UDPV VDC@

MZ M C@MVG@V

JDLLPGEXU QMCKZ

RPVRDZ@

Xnrduan jdllugety wmcks, ydu mr` egtrdhuj`h td tn` jdllugety. R`dpc` s`` ydu mgh f`jdl` us`h td

ydu. Mhhetedgmccy, ms p`dpc` c`mh ydu, tn`y wecc sndw ydu wnmt tn`y h``l elpdrtmgt idr tn`ls`cv`s.

MJXEYEXU

Eg jdgougjtedg wetn ydur RZX trmeg`rs, Jdugt`rpmrt, dr dtn`r egetemc jdgtmjts eg tn` jdllugety,

mss`lfc` m slmcc ardup di jdllugety l`lf`rs td c`mh ydu dg aueh`h tdurs di tn` jdllugety.

@xpcmeg tnmt ydu wduch cek` td c`mrg mfdut tn` jdllugety. C`t ydur qu`stedgs dw fms`h dg wnmt

ydu s``, tm

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