PCNAPCNA

DNA REPLICATION

PCNA

DNA REPLICATION

factories

Replication factories

http://sms.cam.ac.uk/collection/650394

THE STRUCTURE OF CHROMATIN

Methylation of histone or of DNA usually turns a gene off. Acetylation of histone usually turns a gene on.

Phosphorylation -- we're not sure what that does.

cnx.org/content/m26565/latest/

http://www.newgeology.us/HistoneH1.jpg

trueloginEXTNPartnerSydirect

www.invitrogen.com/.../Image-Detail.2314.html

HISTONES LABELLED WITH anti-HISTONE ANTIBODY WITH FLUOROPHORE ATTACHED

BOVINE PULMONARY ARTERY ENDOTHELIAL CELLS

STAINED WITH anti-PHOSPHORYLATED HISTONE H3 ANTIBODY

MITOCHONDRIA STAINED WITH anti-CYTCHROME OXIDASE ANTIBODY

SHOWS MOST DNA IS ASSOCIATED

NUCLEOSOMES

SHOWS ONLY VARIOUS “PATCHES” OF DNA ARE ASSOCIATED NUCLEOSOMES THAT HAVE HISTONE TAIL PHOSPHORYLATION