patrick stahl- the 11th annual human factors iuw 2010
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Cognitive Engineering Laboratory
A Human Factors Perspective on Open Pit Haul Truck Traffic
Mine Traffic Optimization Project
Patrick Stahl
Cognitive Engineering Laboratory
1. Background
Research in mining to date has centred on accident analysis; little research on mine traffic
Mine Traffic Optimization Project University of Toronto Queens University Barrick Gold Corporation
Observational Field Trip to Nevada, USA, July 2010 Goldstrike and Bald Mountain Mines
Cognitive Engineering Laboratory
2. The Truck Cockpit Goldstrike operates exclusively with Komatsu 930E
trucks in its open pit
Bald Mountain uses Komatsu 830E and Caterpillar 785B and 789B trucks
Cognitive Engineering Laboratory
2. The Truck Cockpit: Steering Controls
Komatsu Cockpit (930E) Caterpillar Cockpit (785B)
Cognitive Engineering Laboratory
2. The Truck Cockpit: Dispatch Displays
Goldstrike Dispatch Display (Komatsu 930E)
Bald Mountain Dispatch Display (Caterpillar 785B)
Cognitive Engineering Laboratory
3. Two Task Categories
i) Vehicle Control Attention and competencies specific to piloting
ii) Communication & Information Management Attention and competencies specific to processing
procedural information
Cognitive Engineering Laboratory
4. Challenges for Vehicle Control
Physical dimensions of equipment
Very limited view
Exact positioning needed
Extreme and rapidly changing environmental conditions
Cognitive Engineering Laboratory
5. Challenges in Communication and Information Management
Secondary task, but nonetheless crucial to mine operation
Choice of sensory channel for mediation
Very limited operator capacity with respect to additional perceptual tasks
Cognitive Engineering Laboratory
6. Operator Perspective: Demographics
<1 1-2 2-3 3-5 5-7 7-10 10-15 15-20 >2005
101520253035404550
Num
ber o
f Dri
vers
Years of Employment at Goldstrike
14
139
Gender
female
male
Individual differences will influence driver attitudes towards technology
Cognitive Engineering Laboratory
6. Operator Perspective: Work Setting
12 hour shifts (with 2 breaks), 2-5 hour daily commute Monotonous, repetitive work Little sleep between shifts
Fatigue likely a major issue Slower driving when operator is fatigued
Complex manoeuvring tasks alternate with long hauls Multiple simultaneous visual and auditory monitoring tasks (radio,
driving, truck instruments, dispatch directives, …)
Monotonous job, but continuous concentration required
Cognitive Engineering Laboratory
6. Operator Perspective: Work Environment
Constant, loud noise levels
Auditory alert design
High, constant level of vibration
Haptic interfaces problematic
Visual channel already very busy
Cognitive Engineering Laboratory
7. Prospects for Research
Human-Automation Collaboration
Automation Reliance
Operator Distraction (and Mitigation)
Attention Allocation
Operator Fatigue (and Mitigation)
Cognitive Engineering Laboratory
A Human Factors Perspective on Open Pit Haul Truck Traffic
part of the
Mine Traffic Optimization Project
University of Toronto
Queens University
Barrick Gold Corporation