Pain nourishes courage. You can't be brave if you've only had wonderful things happen

to you. – Mary Tyler Moore

CLINICAL PATHOLOGYThe foundation of clinical medicine.

Shashidhar Venkatesh MurthyA/Prof & Head of Pathology

College of Medicine & Dentistry

BPH2: Urinary Tract Dis: UTI

CPC : Term4 Week3 - BPH 2/6System : Urinary Tract.Topic : 1: Overview 2: UTI 3: BPH 4: Tumours 5: Obstructions Lithiasis 6: Others 7: GLS

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UTI: Overview Urethritis, Cystitis, Prostatitis, Pyelonephritis 90% by Escherichia coli *, Recurrence (40%), Uropathogenic strains (UPEC). P fimbriae or pili

– bind to urothelium. Colonize colon spread to urinary tract. Staph. Saprophyticus, Proteus, Klebs., Entero.,

Ureaplasma.. - Rare

Clinical: Females*, Anatomy*, sexual, UT abnormality /

Obstructions. Dysuria, Low grade fever, frequency, urgency, Flank pain, high fever, – pyelonephritis. Complications: E coli septicemia* endotoxins

DIC*, Prostatitis, Prostatic abscess.

A friend is someone with whom you dare to be

yourself.– Frank Crane

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UTI: Diagnosis: E coli Blood: Leukocytosis – neutrophilia Midstream clean catch Urine specimen* Dipstick: Leukocyte esterase & nitritie +ve. Urine: pyuria, neutrophils, bacteria,

Microscopy gram stain: Gram negative Bacilli, Lactose fermenting. Also Entero.. & Klebsiella ferment lactose. Further tests to confirm: E coli urease –ve

(unlike Klebsiella & Proteus +ve)

MacConkey agar* selective, indicator media. 24h, 37°C, Aerobic, Pink colony

(lactose ferment acid pH indicator), Beta-hemolytic on blood agar.

A friend is someone with whom you dare to be yourself.

– Frank Crane