Pastoralist Assembly of Central Asia (PACA)

Mongolian Pastoralist Alliance

(MoPA/MANIP)

Mr Altansukh Tumee, Chairman of MoPA FAO, Rome, Italy

3 April 2017

Pastoralist Knowledge Hub

Content

• Regional pastoral contexts and main challenges faced by pastoralists within the region

• Strategies/activities carrying out to address these challenges

• Issues to face in achieving success? How could those issues be overcome?

• What support would need to overcome those issues?

• What would be suggestions as potential strategies to address those challenges?

Central Asia (PACA)

WEST CENTRAL ASIA CENTRAL ASIA INNER ASIA

HIGH ASIA

COUNTRIES: Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Bhutan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan

Regions: Russia: Altai, Tuva, Buryatia China: Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, TAR, Sichuan, Qinghai, Gansu, Yunnan India: Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Ladakh Pakistan: Gilgit-Baltistan Nepal: Himalayan region

Governance

Mongolia:1,564,116 km2

▪ Population 3,1 million

▪ 8th largest in Asia

• 83,2% agricultural land

• 5,1% urban areas

• 1,4% water

• 8,2, forest

• 4,1% uneasy to use land

• 112-113 million ha natural pasture

land is constantly used

• 21 million ha degraded land

FAO PKH – Central Asian Meeting, 2015

IFAD/VSF – Asian Regional Consultation and Farmers Forum, 2016

PACA and MoPA Advocacy Internationally:

• Indigenous Terra Madre, Shillong, India, 2015

• Asian consultation with pastoralists and livestock breeders (Mongolia, January-2016)

• Special Session on Pastoralists and Sixth Global Meeting of Farmers Forum, IFAD, Rome, Italy, 2016

• UNEA 2 Assembly and Side Event, Nairobi, Kenya, 2016

• PKH Side events, 2016

• International Rangelands Congress, Canada, 2016

• Global Agenda for Sustainable Livestock (GASL) MSP, Panama, 2016

• International Symposium on Nutrition and Healthy Diets, FAO, 2016

• Salone del Gusto 2016, Italy, 2016

• Central Asian seminars (Xinjian, China), 2016

Nationally:

• Young Herders – EcoBusiness, Mongolia, 2016

• Provincial and Country Pastoralists Forums

1. Increase food supply

2. Produce internationally recognized foods

3. Connecting smallholders to markets

4. Develop models nationally and regionally

5. Achieve in food security and poverty reduction

6. Better cooperation between countries

Why MoPA?

Main challenges faced by pastoralists

within the region • High number of livestock, low productivity

• Pastureland is taken over by mining • Climate change • Pasture degradation – fast intensity, lack of water, soil,

sudden rainfall, cold winter-drought • Transboundary animal health issue (PPR, Sheep Pox,

FMD, brucellosis) • Pastoralists Health at risk • Lack of market access • Food security and safety (healthy and safe food – lab

assured)

Increased # of livestock in 5 types, about 60 million heads

3,295.3

3,780.4

22,592.9

24,592.9

368.0

3

12

1.5

Дэлхий Европ Хятад Монгол

0 2 4 6 8

10 12 14

Экспортын өсөлт, %

Raw material Production Processing

Fodder, hay, plants

Water

Salt, marsh

Meat

Milk

Wool Cashmere

Leather, fibre

Fuel

Livestock – live production

Climate change

▪ In 1905 photo by Sapojnikov ▪ In Sep, 2009 photo by G.Davaa

In Altai Mountains

Strategies/activities carrying out to address these challenges

• Value chains development

• Linking producer groups to national processing factories - direct supply of livestock raw materials

• Building good relationships with Government (GASL, MASL, IYRP, etc)

• Building effective partnership with FAO globally and nationally

• Timely communication and information sharing with pastoralist members

• By herders for herders activities – good practices (Cooperative, Business Planning, Marketing)

Key strategy of pastoralism

People

Nomadic, transhumant, agro-

pastoralists

Pasture

range land

Livestock

Extensive livestock

production

Mobility

Traditional knowledge Flexibility

Adaptation

Mutual support

Diversification

Conservation Ecosystem services

Resilience

Rangeland biodiversity

Well-being of livestock

Mobile culture

Issues to face in achieving success? How could those issues be overcome?

• Sustainable Livestock Strategy – model at regional and national level – MASL/Mongolian Agenda for Sustainable Livestock

• Animal health • Traceability system • From volume to quality strategy • Knowledge and information for pastoralists • Value of pastoralists • Mobile culture and tradition • Land tenure issues • Free-range animal products for export market

INTENSIVE LIVESTOCK Sustainable manure

management

Poultry and swine

Field pea for poultry with

wheat and chicken manure

* reduce carbon and

footprint

EXTENSIVE LIVESTOCK Agroecology and value chain

approach

Sheep, goat, camel, cow, yak,

horse and reindeer

* Agroecological product

based on nature, rangeland

fed animals, branding, value

chains

MONGOLIAN AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK

Support needed

• Institutional capacity of Pastoralist organization – MoPA

• Resource allocation on the addressed issues (technical and financial)

• Information and experience sharing

• Activities on improving value of pastoralists

• Evidence and data collection of pastoralists and pastoralism

Potential strategies

• Close collaboration of Pastoralist Networks like MoPA with Government, FAO and Partners

• National Agenda for Sustainable Livestock

• Private sector involvement – local resource – value chain development – market access

• Climate Smart Agriculture

• Policy change

Message to the Partners

Despite distance, let`s bring the issues, go together with one goal, let`s not wait for

tomorrow but let`s do it today!

One voice, one view and one direction!

Partners

Анхаарал тавьсанд баярлалаа!