Partnership for Disaster Resilience

• Global Networking of DRR– GFDRR, UNISDR– AADMER in ASEAN, Knowledge Hubs of APWF– CDEMA in Caribbean– SABO and other special fields of DRR

• Standards in Partnering Actions– Relief Operation, – PDNA, – Knowledge sharing, – C.C. Adaptation,– etc.

Hitoshi BABA Ph.D.Senior Advisor,

JICA(Water Resource and Disaster Management)

Coordination networks in Asia

• Knowledge Hubs of Asia Pacific Water Forum

• ICHARM

• NAHRIM

• AADMER, AHA centerof ASEAN

CDEMA in Caribbean

• HFA 2005‐2015• CARICOM Regional Programming• Caribbean Single Market and Economy• St. George’s Declaration of Principles

for Environmental sustainability

In specific disaster fields,

• International Sabo Network (ISN) http://www.sabo-int.org/

• Volcanic disaster• Network for Earthquake

Engineering Simulation (NEES) http://nees.org/

• USGS http://www.usgs.gov/

Standard tasks,

for quick and effective DRR activities of:

• Prevention/ mitigation,

• Preparedness,• Emergency Response, • Recovery,• Rehabilitation

/ Reconstruction

Standard Resources of: Task force:

Rescue,PDNA, Reconstruction Planning, …etc,

Common technology:Disaster resilient infrastructure,Climate Change Adaptation,

Quick deployment:Coordination protocol, agreement,

Standards and Protocols of Disaster Management Tasksto be shared under Regional and Global Partnership

General Drought FloodStorm

EarthquakeTsunami

VolcanoSlideSediment

Pre Disaster

Mitigation

Preparedness

Strategy for disaster resilient development

Basic hydro-meteorological service for DM

Risk assessment in country, regional level @

Information sharing,Disaster Database(DesInventer, OSADI) @

Communication and Stockpiling system @

Regional coordination protocols / agreement

IWRM based and CC adapted water use

Drought risk map,Risk assessment

IWRM based and CC Adapted flood management

Hydrological information sharing

Flood & Storm risk map, Risk assessment

Urban flood management

Seismic observation

Quake and Tsunami hazard map,Risk assessment

Building and construction standard

Seismic evaluatiion and retroffiting

Tsunami shelters

Volcanic observation

Volcanic hazard map,Risk assessment

Mitigation measures

Emergency Response

Basic capacity of: Incident management, Early warning, Evacuation, Search & Rescue, Shelters, Medical,

Water demand management Flood/Storm forecasting/warning

Flood fighting system

Tsunami warning

Quake information

Quick evaluation of damaged buildings and housings

Volcanic event and relating hazards forecasting

Post Disaster

Recovery

Reconstruction

Post Disaster Needs Assessment,

Disaster resilient reconstruction

Recovery fund, insurance

Long term health & life care

Community rehabilitation Flood resilient development

Infrastructure recovery

Structure rehabilitation

Housing reconstruction supports for people and communities

Land reclamation

Essentials of DRR Global Resources Network to meet partners’ demands

Open– Resources easily accessible from around the world– Platform useful for members and partners without any

restriction– Store integrated in all phases of disaster management

cycle Timely

– Resources continuously renovated and accumulated– Up-to-dated knowledge and technique database– Information from legendary to real-time

Useful– Knowledge easy to apply for all, easy to learn by all– Resources for globally coordinated and locally applicable– with common technology, methodology and terminology– flexible

JICA’s challenges in DRR Resources Development

• Good practices of DRR relating projects• Country Knowledge Data Base

• Features of Disasters • Administrative Division• Current situation of Disaster Mitigation & Preparation• Emergency Response (HFA5)• Policy on Community-based Disaster Management• Actions of Climate Change Adaptation• Records of Major Assistance by JICA and other partners• International Networking and Regional Cooperation

• Climate Change Adaptation Handbook

Climate Change Adaptation

• Increasing precipitation intensity and variability will boost flood risks in many areas (IPCC 4th assessment

report)• Vulnerability in developing countries

– Already fragile environment, economic, social sensitivity (Mizra 2003, Stern 2007)

– Developing countries bear 75-85% of damage (WB)• Efforts today improve risk management in the

uncertain tomorrow as well– No wait-and-see

• JICA proposes method for CCA – Applied in the Philippines first, then all development projects

Flood Risk Management, flexible

1. To respond continuously changing climate2. To plan and implement flood management

projects through predicting future impacts with uncertainty

3. To change systems of water management according to developing technology for prediction and adaptation of climate change

4. To be adaptable locally with multi layered and multiple measures

Climate Change Evidencesin Rainfall Recorded in Japan

200mm日降水量 以上の日数

02468

1012141618

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010年

年間合計日数

Source: JMA

Number of occurrences of Daily Rainfall over 200mm/day

1

4

12 2

0

42

02

12

75

12

0 0 01

2 23

8

5 5

24

5

1

4

0

3

0

5

10

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Number of occurrences of Hourly Rainfall over 500mm/h

Projection and Uncertainty

• Different projections of rainfall in Malaysia in 100 years from now

Statistical processing based on historical data

Projection as of now(e.g., projection for 2050)

Projection when the projection accuracy is improved (e.g., ten years later)

Actual value due to climate change

Design rain intensity(e.g., a ten-year return period)

Upper limit: Possible over-investmentLower limit: Ineffectiveness of the programAverage: Likely divergence from the actual value

Upper limit Lower limit

Ave

rage

× 1.0

Not availableFurther increase

CC Adaptation Flood Management

Target setting: 1) Strategic Area Protection by Multiple Measures2) Land Use Regulation n Watershed Measures3) Community-based Disaster Management

Record of hydro-metrological data

Flood probability analysis

Runoff and Inundation analysis

Climate Change Projection

Impact Evaluation on Extreme Events by Climate Change

Coping strategy

IWRM capacity development, basin water control in particular

Flood control,Reservoir, dikes,Flood ways,Protection wall,

Risk assessment, Early warning, Evacuation,Flood proofing,

Monitoring, O/M Poverty Alleviation, Vulnerability, Gender, Disability

Flood fighting,Community Based Disaster Management

Land use control, Storm Retention,Water Infiltration,Runoff control,Pr

ojec

t

Analysis of Damage Potential and Impact Assessment

• Projecting Changes in Rivers and Groundwater• Existing Facilities, Plans, and Management

Structure: Identifying Existing Coping Mechanisms• Damage Potential and Impact Assessment

Adaptation Planning

• River Basin Governance• Meteorological and Hydrological Observation,

Warning, and Evacuation• Flood Disasters• Integrated Water Resources Management: Water

use and the environment• Coastal protection• Measures for the poor and the vulnerable• Disaster Insurance• Monitoring (Evaluation and Review) and

Maintenance

Basic Project Components Standardfor Flood Disaster Resilience

• IWRM– Basin scale management– Sector wide integration– Involvement of all stakeholders

• Structural and Non-structural Measures• Land Use Regulation• Community-Based Disaster Management• Capacity Development• Monitoring, O/M• Poverty alleviation and consideration on

vulnerability group, gender

Handbook on Climate Change Adaptation in the Water SectorA Resilient Approach that Integrates Water Management and

Community Development

http://gwweb.jica.go.jp/km/FSubject0301.nsf/3b8a2d403517ae4549256f2d002e1dcc/45c3d4e20234bf0849257735000e0592?OpenDocument