part i: general detector properties - welcome |...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Part I: General Detector Properties - welcome | CIREScires.colorado.edu/jimenez/CHEM-5181/Lect/C7_Detectors.pdfLecture 17: Chromatographic Detectors CU- Boulder CHEM 5181 Mass Spectrometry](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022071503/612376b083ab61118456033b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Lecture 17:Chromatographic Detectors
CU- Boulder CHEM 5181
Mass Spectrometry & Chromatography
Prof. Jose-Luis JimenezFall 2002
Part I:General Detector
Properties
![Page 2: Part I: General Detector Properties - welcome | CIREScires.colorado.edu/jimenez/CHEM-5181/Lect/C7_Detectors.pdfLecture 17: Chromatographic Detectors CU- Boulder CHEM 5181 Mass Spectrometry](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022071503/612376b083ab61118456033b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Important Detector Properties
• Signal-to-Noise Ratio– Sensitivity– Baseline noise
• Selectivity• Others
– Baseline drift– Response time– Dynamic range– Linear range
Detection Sensitivity
From Snyder
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Detection Noise
From Snyder
Example of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
From McNair
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Relative Precision vs. Concentration
From Snyder
Detector Noise vs. Detector Drift
From McNair
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Detection Selectivity
From Snyder
Definition of Detector Response Time
From McNair
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Effect of Detector Time Constant
From McNair
Detector Dynamic Range
From McNair
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Detector Linearity
From McNair
Part II:GC Detectors
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Most Common Detectors
• Flame Ionization Detector (FID)– C atom counter
• Thermal Conductivity Detector (TCD)• Electron-Capture Detector (ECD)• MS• Up to 60 other types of detectors used
Flame Ionization Detector
From Rubinson
![Page 9: Part I: General Detector Properties - welcome | CIREScires.colorado.edu/jimenez/CHEM-5181/Lect/C7_Detectors.pdfLecture 17: Chromatographic Detectors CU- Boulder CHEM 5181 Mass Spectrometry](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022071503/612376b083ab61118456033b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
FID Response
From McNair
FID Implementations I
From Skoog
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FID Implementations II
From McNair
Effect of H2 Flow Rate on FID Response
From McNair
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Effect of Air Flow Rate on FID Response
From McNair
Need for Other Detectors than FID
From McNair
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Thermal Conductivity Detector
From Rubinson2
Thermal Conductivity Detector (TCD)
From Schwedt
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Thermal Conductivities of Carriers & Analytes
From McNair
Electron-Capture Detector (ECD)
From McNair
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ECD Detector
From Rubinson2
Relative ECD Responses
From McNair
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Properties of GC Detectors
From McNair
Concentration vs. Mass Flow Rate Detectors
From McNair
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Nitrogen-Phosphorus Detector
From Rubinson2
Photoionization Detector
From Rubinson2
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Infrared Detection
From Skoog
Atomic Emission Detector
From Skoog
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Concentration Ranges for GC Detectors
From McNair
GC Detectors Comparison I
From McNair
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GC Detectors Comparison II
From Rubinson
GC Detectors Comparison III
From Settle
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GC Detectors Comparison IV
From Grant
Part III:HPLC Detectors
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HPLC Detectors
• Most common: UV absorption• Alternative detectors when:
– Analytes don’t have UV absorption– Analyte concentrations are too low for UV abs.– Sample interferences are important– Structural information is required
UV Detectors
From Skoog & Snyder
![Page 22: Part I: General Detector Properties - welcome | CIREScires.colorado.edu/jimenez/CHEM-5181/Lect/C7_Detectors.pdfLecture 17: Chromatographic Detectors CU- Boulder CHEM 5181 Mass Spectrometry](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022071503/612376b083ab61118456033b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Choosing a UV Wavelength
UV Diode Array Detection
From Snyder
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UV Diode Array Detection
Micro-Capillary Absorption Detection
From Rubinson
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Dual-Beam HPLC Detector
From Rubinson
UV Absorptivity of Common Organic Functional Groups
From Snyder
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UV Absorption Spectra at Low UV Wavelengths
From Snyder
How to Increase SNR in UV Detection
From Snyder
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Universal HPLC Detectors
• Used when – you want a response for all solutes on the
mobile phase• UV can have 100 to 1000 fold differences in
sensitivity between molecules– Analytes do not absorb UV
Refractive Index Detector
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Evaporative Light Scattering Detector
From Snyder
Universal HPLC Detectors
From Snyder
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Fluorescence Detector
From Snyder
Arrangement of LC Fluorescent Detector
From Rubinson
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Other HPLC
Detectors
From Snyder
Light Scattering Detector
From Rubinson
![Page 30: Part I: General Detector Properties - welcome | CIREScires.colorado.edu/jimenez/CHEM-5181/Lect/C7_Detectors.pdfLecture 17: Chromatographic Detectors CU- Boulder CHEM 5181 Mass Spectrometry](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022071503/612376b083ab61118456033b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Amperometric Detector
Viscometric Detector
From Rubinson
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Post-Column Chemical Reaction Detection
From Schwedt
HPLC Detectors Comparison I
From Skoog
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HPLC Detectors Comparison II
From Rubinson
HPLC Detectors Comparison III
From Cunico