This study was conducted to produce an

alternative fuel or charcoal out of Scrap Paper, Rice

Hull, Coconut Shell, Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut Shell

and Seashell.

Specifically, it sought to answer if it is

possible to create/produce a charcoal out

PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut

Shell, Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut Shell and Seashell).

It also sought to see if it is effective in terms

of Flammability, Longevity of Char and the Length

of Time in Cooking. Likewise, it sought to

determine if the PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper,

Rice hull, Coconut shell and Leaves, Eggshell,

Peanut shell, and Seashell) Charcoal is acceptable in

terms of: Physical Appearance, Hardness, Texture,

and Cost Effectiveness.

Finally, it sought to evaluate if there is a

significant difference between the PARICOSHELL

(Scrap Paper, Rice hull, Coconut shell and Leaves,

Eggshell, Peanut shell, and Seashell) Charcoal and

the commercial charcoal (Kakawate Charcoal)in

terms of: a. Flammability b. Longevity of char c.

Length of time in cooking and. d) Time before

charcoal produced fire.

The charcoal made from Scrap Paper, Rice

Hull, Coconut Shell, Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut Shell

and Seashell are significant to the community,

business entrepreneurs, local government, to the

future researchers, and to our environment. These

materials are considered as waste materials which are

just thrown anywhere. People sometimes especially

students; do not see the importance of such

material.

Three treatments of charcoal production

were prepared. The first treatment or T1 was called

SHELEAPEAPAP Charcoal because it was

composed of Seashells, Leaves, Peanut Shells and

Scrap Paper with a mixture ratio of ½:1:1:4. The

second treatment or T2 was called CORIEGGPAP

Charcoal because it was composed of Coconut

Shell, Rice Hull, Eggshell, Scrap Paper with a

mixture ratio of ½:1: ½:6.

The third treatment or T3 was called

PARICOSHELL Charcoal because it was composed

of Scrap Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut Shell and

Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut shell, Seashell with a

mixture ratio of 8:1:1:1:1:1:1.

The three charcoal treatments were

produced and dried. The effectiveness of each

treatment was tested in terms of Length of time in

cooking, Flammability, Longevity of char. Based on

the results, it was the PARICOSHELL Charcoal that

emerged to be the best treatment in terms of

Length of time in cooking, Flammability, Longevity

of char and Time before charcoal produced fire.

It was for this reason that this study has gone

further in the production of PARICOSHELL Charcoal

which was then evaluated as to its physical appearance,

hardness and texture.

In making the alternative charcoal, Scrap paper,

rice hulls, coconut shells, leaves, eggshell, seashells and

peanut shells were gathered and prepared by the student

researchers. 8 kilograms of scrap paper was soaked,

shredded then squeezed.

One (1) kilogram of rice hull, one (1) kilogram

of dried coconut shells, one (1) kilogram of peanut

shells, one (1) kilogram of eggshells, and one (1)

kilogram of seashells. One (1) kilogram of dried bamboo

leaves was then cut into small pieces. All the materials

with their corresponding ratios (8:1:1:1:1:1:1) were

thoroughly mixed manually with an approximated

amount of water.

The shredded scrap paper served as the binder of all

the materials enabling desired designs of charcoal to be

molded. Finally, the PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice

Hull, Coconut Shell Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut Shell, and

Seashell) Charcoal in different designs was sun dried for one

(1) week.

Consequently, this alternative fuel, the

PARICOSHELL Charcoal was compared to the commercial

wood charcoal (Kakawate Charcoal in terms of Length of

time in boiling 2- liter water, Flammability, Longevity of char

and Time before charcoal produced fire.

Based on the results of the study, the researchers

concluded that the PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull,

Coconut Shell, Leaves, Eggshells, Peanut shells, and Seashells)

product is effective in terms of length of time in cooking,

longevity test, flammability, and time before it produced fire.

This charcoal is very highly acceptable in terms of

physical appearance, hardness, and texture. Likewise, the

PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut Shell,

Leaves, Eggshells, Peanut shells, and Seashells) Charcoal as an

alternative fuel is also more affordable than the commercial

one because in the production of PARICOSHELL charcoal

there were no expenses incurred.

The student researchers recommend that

further studies should be conducted to improve

the quality of the PARICOSHELL charcoal for

more efficient and better quality product. Likewise,

the researchers also recommend the product to the

community as a source of energy and income.

There should also be a PARICOSHELL

(Scrap Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut Shell, Leaves,

Eggshell, Seashell, and Peanut Shell) Charcoal-

making in barangays, communities, schools, and

other places so that they can motivate other

people to recycle and eventually venture into

business.

Machines like a paper shredder, a seashell

crusher, a mixer and a molder may be purchased

to make the production of PARICOSHELL

Charcoal easier, faster and more efficient.

The local government, in partnership

with the Department of Energy, may look

into the ecological and economical benefits

of this study highlighting recycling and

livelihood.

Further studies may be conducted

to determine some more effects and

benefits from this research study. This

study may serve as an idea for

livelihood purposes.

Future researchers should also look into

the other chemical contents of the organic

materials found in PARICOSHELL Charcoal. It

is further recommended that the ash of

PARICOSHELL Charcoal be phytochemically

analyzed.

Filipino basic needs are produced though the help

of fuel. People use fuel in cooking food. However, at

present the country faces several forms of fuel shortage or

energy crisis affecting specifically the liquefied petroleum

gas (LPG) which is widely used in cooking.

Likewise, charcoal and firewood became more

expensive making the situation more difficult. Thus,

ordinary people do not have any choice but to turn to

the traditional or the cheapest way of cooking using

firewood. Yet, using firewood or wood charcoal is

likewise costly. Consequently, there is a need to make

optimum use of all the available resources in the

community.

Facing an ecological crisis is really

threatening the environment. Another problem

that humankind faces nowadays are too much

wastes. Production of wastes has caused stress in

the environment and improper waste disposal has

created a serious environmental problem.

To create new forms of renewable energy

resources is something to be considered. A

conceptualization of creating an alternative fuel as a

substitute to the commercial charcoal from waste

materials gave birth to PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper,

Rice hull, Coconut shell and Leaves, Eggshells, Peanut

shells, and Seashells) Charcoal. It can be used as an

efficient domestic fuel for both heating and cooking.

Waste materials collected from the environment are

utilized in making this charcoal, which is more affordable than

the commercial one. “Hitting two birds with one stone” method can

probably help ease the lives of people. This can surely make

the country a garbage and toxic free society by embracing a

more eco – friendly life. By aiming for a Zero waste lifestyle at

home, school, workplace and community, we save precious

resources from being squandered, reduce environmental

pollution, and save money for the cost of waste disposal.

These ideas motivated the student researchers

to conduct this study in order to produce an

alternative, cheaper charcoal for fuel. Likewise, the

researchers also aim to help in lessening the waste

materials in the environment and come up with a

product which is both affordable and efficient.

This study aimed to produce charcoal out of

PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice hull, Coconut

shell and Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut shell, and

Seashell) Charcoal: An Alternative Fuel. Specifically,

it sought to answer the following questions:

1. Is it possible to produce a quality charcoal which can be

an alternative fuel out of Scrap Paper, Rice hull, Coconut

shell and Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut shell, and Seashell?

2. Which of the three treatments is effective in terms of:

a. Flammability,

b. Longevity of Char, and

c. Length of time in cooking?

3. Is the PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice hull,

Coconut shell and Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut shell,

and Seashell) Charcoal acceptable in terms of:

a. Physical Appearance,

b. Hardness,

c. Texture, and

d. Cost Effectiveness?

4. Is there a significant difference between the

PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice hull, Coconut shell and

Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut shell, and Seashell) Charcoal and the

commercial charcoal (Kakawate Charcoal)in terms of:

a. Flammability,

b. Longevity of char, and

c. Length of time in cooking,

d. Time before charcoal produced fire?

Cutting the bamboo leaves into small pieces

Gathering of Materials

Scrap Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut Shell and Leaves,

Eggshell, Seashell, Peanut Shell, Basin,

Container, Mortar and Pestle, and Hammer

Drying the coconut shells, seashells, eggshells, peanut shells and rice

hull for 3 days

Soaking the scrap paper then shredded

Pounding the dried coconut shells, peanut shells, eggshells, and

seashells.

Mixing the shredded scrap paper, rice hull, coconut shells, leaves,

eggshells, seashells and peanut shells

Drying the mixture for 1 week

PARICOSHELL Charcoal:

An Alternative Fuel

Flow Chart

T A B L E 1 . S U M M A R Y T A B L E O F D I F F E R E N T T R E A T M E N T S D O N E

I N T E R M S O F L E N G T H O F T I M E I N C O O K I N G , L O N G E V I T Y O F

T H E C H A R / F U E L , F L A M M A B I L I T Y A N D T I M E B E F O R E C H A R C O A L

P R O D U C E D F I R E .

T1 T2 T3

100% Seashells,

Leaves, Peanut Shells

and Scrap Paper

SHELEAPEAPAP

Charcoal

½:1:1:4

(250 g.)

100%

Coconut Shell,

Rice Hull, Eggshell,

Scrap Paper

CORIEGGPAP

Charcoal

½:1: ½:6 (250g.)

100%

Scrap Paper, Rice

Hull, Coconut Shell,

Leaves, Eggshell,

Seashell, Peanut Shell

PARICOSHELL

Charcoal

8:1:1:1:1:1:1

(250g.)

Length of Time in

Cooking

60 minutes and 6

seconds

27 minutes and 30

seconds

10 minutes and 57

seconds

Longevity of the Char 13 minutes and 13

seconds

28 minutes and 46

seconds

60 minutes and 27

seconds

Flammability Reddish Yellow

(more intense red

flame)

Yellowish Red

(more intense yellow)

Yellow

(pure yellow)

Time before it

produced Fire

1 minute and 25

seconds

2 minutes and 35

seconds

1 minute and 5

seconds

Table 1 shows that Treatment 1 lasted for 60

minutes and 6 seconds in boiling 1L of water. The

longevity of the T1 charcoal is 13 minutes and 13

seconds. The flammability is reddish yellow (more

intense red flame) and the time before it produced

fire is 1 minute and 25 seconds.

Treatment 2 lasted for 27 minutes and 30

seconds in boiling 1L of water. The longevity of the

T2 charcoal is 28 minutes and 46 seconds. The

flammability is yellowish red (more intense yellow

flame) and the time before it produced fire is 2

minutes and 35 seconds.

Treatment 3 lasted for 10 minutes and

57 seconds in boiling 1 L of water. The

longevity of the T3 charcoal is 60 minutes

and 27 seconds. The flammability is yellow

and the time before it produced fire is 1

minute and 5 seconds.

Among all the three treatments,

Treatment 3 is the best among in terms

of length of time in cooking, longevity

of char, flammability and the time

before it produced fire.

T A B L E 2 . S U M M A R Y T A B L E O N T H E R E S U L T S O F P A R I C O S H E L L C H A R C O A L I N T E R M S O F P H Y S I C A L

A P P E A R A N C E , H A R D N E S S A N D T E X T U R E

TREATMENT 3 Physical Appearance Hardness Texture

PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice

Hull, Coconut

Shell and Leaves,

Eggshell, Peanut

shell and Seashell)

Charcoal: An

Alternative Fuel (8:1:1:1:1:1:1)

MEAN

RATING

DESCRIPTIVE

RATING

MEAN

RATING

DESCRIPTIVE

RATING

MEAN

RATING DESCRIPTIVE

RATING

4.74

Very

Highly

Acceptable

4.84

Very

Highly

Acceptable

4.84

Very

Highly

Acceptable

Table 2 shows the mean ratings and the descriptive

ratings of the PARICOSHELL Charcoal in terms of Physical

Appearance, Hardness and Texture. It is gleaned in Table 9 that

the PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut Shell

and Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut shell and Seashell) Charcoal was

rated 4.74 as mean rating which means very highly acceptable in

terms of Physical Appearance.

Likewise, the PARICOSHELL (Scrap

Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut Shell and Leaves,

Eggshell, Peanut shell and Seashell) Charcoal

was rated 4.84 as mean rating which means

very highly acceptable in terms of Hardness.

Furthermore, Table 2 shows that the

PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull,

Coconut Shell and Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut shell

and Seashell) Charcoal was rated 4.84 as mean

rating which means very highly acceptable in

terms of Texture.

The overall descriptive rating of the

PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull,

Coconut Shell and Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut

shell and Seashell) Charcoal was very highly

acceptable with an average mean rating of

4.81.

T A B L E 3 . S U M M A R Y T A B L E O F R E S U L T S D O N E I N T E R M S O F F L A M M A B I L I T Y , L E N G T H O F T I M E I N C O O K I N G , L O N G E V I T Y O F

T H E C H A R / F U E L , A N D T I M E B E F O R E C H A R C O A L P R O D U C E D F I R E .

Commercial Charcoal(Kakawate

charcoal) (400 g)

PARICOSHELL Charcoal

(400 g)

Flammability Yellow (pure)

Approximately 5 centimeters

Yellow (pure)

Approximately 14

centimeters

Length of Time in

Cooking

31 minutes 27 minutes

Longevity of the Char 97 minutes(1 hour and 37 minutes) 88 minutes(1 hour and 28

minutes)

Time before it produced

Fire

3 minutes and 6 seconds 1 minute 8 seconds

Table 3 shows the summary of the results from the

different tests done. For the flammability test, the

commercial charcoal( Kakawate charcoal) and the

PARICOSHELL charcoal both have yellow colored flames,

but the flame produced by the commercial charcoal has an

approximate height of 5 cm, while the PARICOSHELL

charcoal has an approximate height of 14 cm. The flame

produced by the PARICOSHELL charcoal is taller than the

flame produced by the commercial charcoal.

For the length of time in cooking, the

commercial charcoal (Kakawate charcoal)

boiled the water for 31 minutes while the

PARICOSHELL charcoal boiled the water for

27 minutes. PARICOSHELL charcoal is faster

than the commercial charcoal in cooking.

The commercial charcoal (Kakawate charcoal) lasted

for 97 minutes (1 hour and 37 minutes) while the

PARICOSHELL charcoal lasted for 88 minutes (1 hour and

28 minutes). The commercial charcoal lasted longer than the

PARICOSHELL charcoal. The commercial charcoal (

Kakawate charcoal) consumed 3 minutes and 6 seconds

before producing fire while the PARICOSHELL charcoal

consumed 1 minute 8 seconds. The PARICOSHELL charcoal

fired up faster than the commercial charcoal.

T A B L E 4 . C O S T E F F E C T I V E N E S S B E T W E E N T H E C O M M E R C I A L I Z E D C H A R C O A L ( K A K A W A T E

C H A R C O A L ) A N D T H E P A R I C O S H E L L C H A R C O A L

Product Amount

Commercial Charcoal( Kakawate charcoal) P170.00 (for one sack)

PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull,

Coconut Shell and Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut

shell and Seashell) Charcoal: An

Alternative Fuel

P0.00 (since all the

materials were wastes )

The PARICOSHELL Charcoal is more

affordable than the commercial one. One sack of

the wood charcoal ( Kakawate charcoal) costs Php

170.00. The alternative fuel, the PARICOSHELL

Charcoal does not involve any amount spent in its

production. All the waste materials used in the

production of this alternative fuel were gathered

from the community.

Based on the results of the study, the researchers concluded that

the PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut Shell, Leaves,

Eggshells, Peanut shells, and Seashells) product is effective in terms of length

of time in cooking, longevity test, flammability, and time before it produced

fire. This charcoal is very highly acceptable in terms of physical appearance,

hardness, and texture. Likewise, the PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull,

Coconut Shell, Leaves, Eggshells, Peanut shells, and Seashells) Charcoal as an

alternative fuel is also more affordable than the commercial one because in

the production of PARICOSHELL charcoal there were no expenses

incurred.

In the evaluation process between the

PARICOSHELL and the commercial charcoal (Kakawate

Charcoal), the flame produced by the PARICOSHELL

charcoal was taller than the flame produced by the

commercial charcoal. PARICOSHELL charcoal was faster

than the commercial charcoal in boiling water. The

commercial charcoal lasted longer than the PARICOSHELL

charcoal by 9 minutes however, the PARICOSHELL

charcoal fired up faster than the commercial charcoal.

The student researchers recommend that further studies should

be conducted to improve the quality of the PARICOSHELL charcoal

for more efficient and better quality product. Likewise, the researchers

also recommend the product to the community as a source of energy

and income. There should also be a PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice

Hull, Coconut Shell, Leaves, Eggshell, Seashell, and Peanut Shell)

Charcoal-making in barangays, communities, schools, and other places

so that they can motivate other people to recycle and eventually venture

into business.

Machines like a paper shredder, a seashell

crusher, a mixer and a molder may be purchased to

make the production of PARICOSHELL Charcoal

easier, faster and more efficient.

The local government, in partnership with

the Department of Energy, may look into the

ecological and economical benefits of this study

highlighting recycling and livelihood.

Further studies may be conducted to determine

some more effects and benefits from this research study.

This study may serve as an idea for livelihood purposes.

Future researchers should also look into the

other chemical contents of the organic materials found

in PARICOSHELL Charcoal. It is further

recommended that the ash of PARICOSHELL

Charcoal be phytochemically analyzed.