Page 21Page 21Write a persuasive letter to a Write a persuasive letter to a

person of your choice in which person of your choice in which you use these devices – you use these devices –

questions, Pathos (appeal to questions, Pathos (appeal to emotions), and an anaphora emotions), and an anaphora

(repeated line or phrase).(repeated line or phrase).

► Intro—Intro— 6 types or combination of those 6 (personal 6 types or combination of those 6 (personal

reference, joke, story, quote, rhetorical question, reference, joke, story, quote, rhetorical question, startling statement)startling statement)

Thesis (state your claim and three reasons)Thesis (state your claim and three reasons)

► Body—Body— I. I. ReasonReason—each reason needs 3 pieces of —each reason needs 3 pieces of evidenceevidence II. ReasonII. Reason III.ReasonIII.Reason

► Conclusion—Conclusion— summary, recommendation, emotional summary, recommendation, emotional

appeal/stirring ending (good place for Pathos)appeal/stirring ending (good place for Pathos)

Outline of Persuasive SpeechOutline of Persuasive Speech

What will I look for in the What will I look for in the library?library?

► EvidenceEvidence Personal examples (not in library)Personal examples (not in library) Reference materialsReference materials

►Facts Facts ►Testimonials Testimonials - statements attesting to the worth of - statements attesting to the worth of

someone or somethingsomeone or something►Expert opinionsExpert opinions – a statement of belief by a – a statement of belief by a

knowledgeable person or someone recognized as an knowledgeable person or someone recognized as an authority on the subjectauthority on the subject

►StatisticsStatistics►Quotations Quotations ►DefinitionsDefinitions

Claim StatementClaim Statement

►Teenage Pregnancy and AbortionTeenage Pregnancy and Abortion►Steroids should not be used in sportsSteroids should not be used in sports►Bigfoot is realBigfoot is real►Global WarmingGlobal Warming►Student school drug testing should be Student school drug testing should be

allowedallowed►The Death Penalty should be abolishedThe Death Penalty should be abolished►Animal testing is immoralAnimal testing is immoral

EvidenceEvidence

►Testimonials Testimonials - statements or stories - statements or stories attesting to the worth of someone or attesting to the worth of someone or somethingsomething

► Testimonials and vivid anecdotes are one of Testimonials and vivid anecdotes are one of the most popular and convincing forms of the most popular and convincing forms of evidence presented for beliefs in the evidence presented for beliefs in the supernatural, paranormal and supernatural, paranormal and pseudoscientific. pseudoscientific.

► Like court, someone comes forward and Like court, someone comes forward and says, I saw Jim shot Sam.says, I saw Jim shot Sam.

EvidenceEvidence

►Facts -Facts -A powerful means of convincing, A powerful means of convincing, facts can come from your reading, facts can come from your reading, observation, or personal experience.observation, or personal experience.

►Note: Do not confuse facts with truths. Note: Do not confuse facts with truths. A "truth" is an idea believed by many A "truth" is an idea believed by many people, but it cannot be proven.people, but it cannot be proven.

EvidenceEvidence

►StatisticsStatistics

►Over 61% of Americans are overweight. Over 61% of Americans are overweight. ► Unemployment in Illinois is at 5%. Unemployment in Illinois is at 5%.

EvidenceEvidence

►Expert OpinionsExpert Opinions

►Dr. Kenneth P. Moritsugu, U.S. Surgeon Dr. Kenneth P. Moritsugu, U.S. Surgeon General, described long term problems General, described long term problems associated with underage drinking: “Research associated with underage drinking: “Research shows that young people who start drinking shows that young people who start drinking before the age of 15 are five times more likely before the age of 15 are five times more likely to have alcohol-related problems later in life.” to have alcohol-related problems later in life.”

► Samantha King, a noted forensic specialist, Samantha King, a noted forensic specialist, stated that DNA evidence is usually stated that DNA evidence is usually indisputable. indisputable.

EvidenceEvidence

►QuotesQuotes

►Quotes are not that different than expert Quotes are not that different than expert opinions. They are just opinions of people opinions. They are just opinions of people that we care about whether they are an that we care about whether they are an expert in the field we are writing. These are expert in the field we are writing. These are somewhat less convincing.somewhat less convincing.

► Example: Michael Jordon says, “The biggest Example: Michael Jordon says, “The biggest crime against humanity is the death of crime against humanity is the death of unborn children.”unborn children.”

EvidenceEvidence

►DefinitionsDefinitions

► Love is a profoundly tender, passionate Love is a profoundly tender, passionate affection for another person.affection for another person.

EvidenceEvidenceIs it? and what kind?Is it? and what kind?

►Claim: The Bermuda Triangle is RealClaim: The Bermuda Triangle is Real►The U.S. Board of Geographic Names The U.S. Board of Geographic Names

does not recognize or keep an official does not recognize or keep an official file on the Bermuda Triangle areafile on the Bermuda Triangle area

►Flight 19 was supposed to do a Flight 19 was supposed to do a navigation exercise where they fly in a navigation exercise where they fly in a triangle and go back to base when they triangle and go back to base when they disappeared in the triangle area. Flight disappeared in the triangle area. Flight 19 is a reason the triangle is called the 19 is a reason the triangle is called the triangle.triangle.

EvidenceEvidenceIs it? and what kind?Is it? and what kind?

►Bigfoot has been found in the Georgia Bigfoot has been found in the Georgia worlds and is being held in a cooler at worlds and is being held in a cooler at an undisclosed location.an undisclosed location.

►Who say they stumbled on the body Who say they stumbled on the body while hiking in a north Georgal forest while hiking in a north Georgal forest in June were questioning.in June were questioning.

►Recycling is the act of processing used Recycling is the act of processing used materials into new products.materials into new products.

EvidenceEvidenceIs it? and what kind?Is it? and what kind?

►Students at many schools feel Students at many schools feel harassed and pressured to participate harassed and pressured to participate in an activity they do not believe in in an activity they do not believe in (illegal drug use).(illegal drug use).

►You’ll see a 300% increase in You’ll see a 300% increase in testosterone levels, which isn’t good.testosterone levels, which isn’t good.

►A cause mentioned by many animal A cause mentioned by many animal protectors was researcher’s narrow-protectors was researcher’s narrow-mindedness.mindedness.

EvidenceEvidenceIs it? and what kind?Is it? and what kind?

►Research on how people experience Research on how people experience the causes of behavior related to the causes of behavior related to attitudes has typically been based on attitudes has typically been based on attribution.attribution.

►Health professionals know that using Health professionals know that using steroids illegally can lead to a variety steroids illegally can lead to a variety of side effects and can sometimes of side effects and can sometimes increase aggressive behavior.increase aggressive behavior.

EvidenceEvidenceIs it? and what kind?Is it? and what kind?

►The death penalty does not prevent The death penalty does not prevent crime: some people welcome the crime: some people welcome the death penalty, not fear it.death penalty, not fear it.

►Greenhouse gases are accumulating in Greenhouse gases are accumulating in the Earth’s atmosphere as a result of the Earth’s atmosphere as a result of human activities causing surface air human activities causing surface air temperatures and subsurface ocean temperatures and subsurface ocean temperatures to rise.temperatures to rise.

EvidenceEvidenceIs it? and what kind?Is it? and what kind?

► In 2007, there were 1,405 teenage In 2007, there were 1,405 teenage births (in the under 20’s), a rate of births (in the under 20’s), a rate of 22.5% per 1,000 15-19 year olds in the 22.5% per 1,000 15-19 year olds in the United Kingdom.United Kingdom.