page 1 major world religions buddhism, christianity, hinduism, islam, judaism
TRANSCRIPT
Page 1
Major World
ReligionsBuddhism,
Christianity, Hinduism, Islam,
Judaism
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Dominate World Religion by Location
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Judaism - 1st monotheistic (one god) faith- Abraham is the earthly founder- Sacred text is the Torah
- Old Testament - 5 books of Moses
- Believes that the messiah is still to come
- Believes Jesus was a great prophet, but not of a miracle birth
- Beginning: dawn of time- 10 Commandments: core laws
of behavior
Hinduism
- Oldest organized polytheistic faith- No 1 founder, Aryan people as a
whole- Sacred text are the Vedas
- Hymns, prayers, and moral stories
- Born into the faith system- Believes in reincarnation & karma- Trinity
- Brahma: Creator- Vishnu: Preserver- Shiva: Destroyer
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Buddhism - Nontheistic: no god- Founded by Siddhartha
Gautama in Nepal around 2,500 years ago
- Sacred text Tripitaka “Three Baskets”
- Believe in reincarnation, goal is to achieve “enlightenment” to get to Nirvana (heaven)
- 8-Fold Path is their laws/rules- Peaceful - Theravada: Very traditional- Mahayana: Modern, less strict
Buddhism
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Christianity - Monotheistic- Founded by Jesus of Nazareth
in 33 A.D.- Believe Jesus was the son of
God sent as the savior to the people
- Sacred text: Bible (Old Testament, and New Testament)
- Symbol: Cross to represent the death of Christ- 10 Commandments core laws
as are the teachings of the New Testament
Christianity
- Jesus was raised as Jewish- Christianity is considered to be
the next stage of the Jewish faith
- Open to anyone, no class requirements, or financial requirements
- Part of the reason it spread so rapidly
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Islam - Monotheistic- Founded by Muhammad 632
A.D- Muhammad is believed to be a
great prophet who God revealed that he has 4 functions: creation, sustenance, guidance, and judgment
- Sacred text: Quran- Core laws: 5 Pillars of Islam
- Can trace origins back to Abraham, controversy is the role of Ishmael and Isaac
Islam
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Islam - Two branches of Islam
- Sunni: Caliph (leaders) devout followers of Muhammad
- Shia: Caliph (leaders) must be a direct descendent of Muhammad
- Shiite: enact “jihad” to an extreme
Islam
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Timeline of Major Events in Judaism
• 1812 BC: Abraham’s teaching begins• 1428 BC: Israelites enslaved in Egypt• 1392 BC: Moses born (raised by Egyptian princess)• 1312 BC: Exodus from Egypt• 877 BC: King David establishes kingdom of Israel• 836 BC: King Solomon takes over• 796 BC: Israel splits into 2 kingdoms
• King Rehoboam leads Kingdom of Judea• 10 Northern tribes establish Kingdom of Israel
• 555 BC: Assyrians conquer Israel• 547 BC: Sennacherib (Babylonian) attacks Jerusalem• 442 BC: Babylonians take over, Jews kicked out of Israel• 370 BC: Jewish return • 347 – 245 BC: Greek overrun and persecute Jewish• 139 BC: Revolt of Maccabee
• 1st religious war
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Timeline of Major Events in Judaism
• 37 BC: King Herod takes over Israel • Mentally unstable, has children and wife killed• But good with the political end of things, has strong ties to
Rome with Octavian so as Rome prospers, Israel does as well
• 638 AD: Islam conquers Jerusalem • 1096: Crusades begin
• Primarily between Muslims and Christians, but Jewish are a secondary target for both groups