p1414 - aspects of contract and negligence for business- assignment 2 bun (1)

7/24/2019 P1414 - Aspects of Contract and Negligence for Business- Assignment 2 BUN (1)

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Aspects of Contract and Negligence for Business

Regent College London

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Unit No: 5

Unit Title: ASPECTS OF CONTRACT AND NEGLIGENCE

FOR BUSINESS

Assignment Cover Sheet

Assignment

No:

1 and 2

I hereby confrm that this assignment is my own work. I have identifed andacknowledged all sources used in this assignment and have reerenced

according to the !arvard reerencing system. I have read and understood the

"lagiarism and Collusion section #rovided with the assignment brie and

understood the conse$uences o #lagiarising.

Name: %ihaela Alina &logo'eanu

(egistration

Number:

)*+1+,-

Signature:%.A.

&

ate: /0.01.201,

our work will not be acce#ted without a signed co#y o this authentication.3


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Aspects of Contract

AnNe!li!ence forB"siness

Assignment

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Table of Contents

Table of Contents.............................................................................................................................4

Task1-1.1,1.2,1.3.............................................................................................................................5

Task 2-2.1,2.2,2.36

Task3-3.1,3.2,3.3.7

Task 4: Applying Pin!iples of "iability in #egligen!e..................................................................$

4.1. Appli!ation of ele%ents of tot of negligen!e an& &efen!es.................................................$

4.2. Appli!ation of ele%ents of 'i!aio(s liability in &iffeent sit(ations..................................11

Con!l(sion..................................................................................................................................... 12

)efeen!es...................................................................................................................................... 13

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Subject: Legal Advice

*ea +i a&a%,

Te legal a&'i!e fo te info%ation po'i&e& as been &afte& as pe te essential aspe!ts of te

ele'ant b(siness la/ kno/le&ge an& te !ase la/0 te &etaile& a&'i!e fo te gi'en sit(ations is

as belo/:

1. Te book pla!e& on te self fo sale is not an offe to %ake a sale p(!ase agee%ent

instea& an in'itation to teat. An in'itation to teat is an in&i!ation tat a peson o entity

is pepae& to e!ei'e offes fo% anote peson an& offe %a&e !an be s(bse(ently

a!!epte& o ee!te& *ooley, 26. Te &isplay ite%s in te sop ae an in'itation to

teat, as it /as el& in te !ase ise '. ell 1$6 "egala8, 213, te sit(ation ee is

si%ila so in a!!o&an!e /it &o!tine of pe!e&en!e, te point of la/ el& in te !ase of

ise '. ell !an be applie&. 9n a&&ition, te book as alea&y been sol& to Cal, so

selling it to anote peson is not possible, as tis book as be!o%e te pospe!ti'e

popety of te Cal0 te igt of o/nesip as been tansfee& to Cal alto(g +a% as

etaine& te book. Te book as not been pysi!ally tansfee& to te !(sto&y of Cal,

o/e'e tis book as be!o%e te popety of Cal as te sale of te book to te Cal as

been %a&e follo/ing te essentials of te legally bin&ing !onta!t in te gi'en !onte8t.

Te !onta!t to be 'ali&, it %(st a'e te essentials of te !onta!t, /i! ae state&

belo/:

Co%petent paties i.e. a&(lt peson of 1 yeas of age

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;ffe an& a!!eptan!e

Consi&eation

"egality of te obe!t

+o(!e "ank, 24.

9n te gi'en s!enaio, an offe as been %a&e, an& te a%o(nt of te offe as been

po'i&e&, /i! is te !onsi&eation, (s(ally e8pesse& in te %onetay 'al(e i.e. %oney0

o/e'e tis offe as not been a!!epte& by +a%. Te ee!tion of +a% is 'ali& fo t/o

easons, fist te book /as not an offe o a!!eptan!e of an offe, it /as %ee an

in'itation to teat, se!on&ly te book as been sol& to Cal0 teefoe +a% is not allo/e&

to sell tis book to ob. 9f Cal /as not of te legal age to %ake te !onta!t, te !onta!t

/o(l& not e%ain legally enfo!eable, o/e'e te essential ele%ents of te !onta!t ae

pesent, te book is legally allo/e& to be p(!ase& an& sol&, an& also te ote ele%ents

of !onta!t as %entione& abo'e ae also pesent, teefoe agee%ent /it Cal is 'ali&.

2. ay goes into a pak an& ies a !ai by paying te !ages. ay t(s pays te

!onsi&eation an& %akes a legal !onta!t.


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a peson es(lting fo% negligen!e )oa!, 212. Te !lai% fo te &a%age !an be

%a&e, fist te &(ty of !ae %(st be po'e&, se!on& te bea! of &(ty of !ae, an& ti&ly

te bea! of &(ty of !ae es(lting in te &a%age. Te ele'an!y of te e8!l(sion !la(se

!an be !ontaste& in te ligt of te !ase An&e/s os ' +inge1$34 in /i! all

!on&itions an& /aanties ee e8!l(&e&, an& tis e8!l(sion !al(se /as &isega&e& by te

!o(t as te !onta!t tee /as to sell ne/ !as, as /it e8!l(sion !la(se te !o%pany

!lai%e& te a!t /as 'ali& a!!o&ing to te e8!l(sion !la(se =off%an > a!*onal&,

21. Alto(g te !ollapse &i& not !a(se in(y, o/e'e, tee /as &a%age, ay /as

a !ons(%e, an& teefoe te e8!l(sion !la(se /ill not li%it te liability. Co(n!il o/e& a

&(ty of !ae to ay, tee is a bea! of &(ty of !ae as te !ai !ollapse& in a no%al

/oking !on&ition, teefoe te !o%pany /as in te bea! of &(ty of !ae, as te

!o%pany &i& not inspe!t te !on&ition of te !ai, o it /as of (nsatisfa!toy (ality at

te ti%e /en ay ie& te !ai. "iability in te tot /ill aise /en so%eone o/es a

&(ty of !ae, te &(ty of !ae !an also e8ist alongsi&e !onta!t(al liability, /en tee is a

bea! of &(ty of !ae to !ons(%es, it !an be s(e& as a bea! of &(ty of !ae as /ell as

!onta!t )(s > ;ttley, 26. ay !an %ake te !lai% against te !o(n!il fo &a%age

tat te !ollapse of te !ai as !a(se& to ay. Te !o%pensation fo te &a%age /ill

be te e%e&y fo te bea! of !onta!t0 o/e'e, tis !o%pensation /ill be li%ite& to

te a%o(nt of e!ono%i! loss tat te ?in(e& paty@ o te !lai%ant s(ffee&.

3. An offe !an be %a&e to p(bli!, an& te e8a%ple fo tis is te !ase of Caboli! '.

Caboli! +%oke all Patak, 27. 9n te gi'en !onte8t, te offe /as %a&e to p(bli!,

an& te pefo%an!e a!!o&ing to te offe /o(l& be &ee%e& as a!!eptan!e. 9f te noti!e

of /it&a/al of an offe is %a&e befoe te a!!eptan!e of an offe, te offe !annot be

a!!epte& +et, 212. Te a!t of te pa&&le a!oss te nglis Cannel by ian /as


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te a!!eptan!e of an offe, an& it /as an a!t f(lfilling te !on&itions of te offe %a&e to

te p(bli! es(lte& in te offe an& a!!eptan!e, teefoe a !onta!t(al liability. (te,

te e'o!ation of offe /as %a&e, o/e'e it /as not !o%%(ni!ate& to te ian, as te

offe a& been a!!epte& as pe te initiation of an a!tion, /i! /o(l& be &ee%e& as an

a!!eptan!e. ian !o%plete& te a!tion of !ossing te nglis Cannel, an& e /as

%a&e kno/n /en te offe a& been a!!epte& an& te a!tion asso!iate& /it it a& also

been pefo%e& in f(ll. As ian as a!!o%plise& te !onta!t(al liability of

pefo%an!e in f(ll, teefoe ian !an !lai% te e/a& fo is !onta!t. A&a% /as

esponsible fo te a!tion of ain, an& a peson esponsible fo te !on&(!t of ote

peson /ill a'e 'i!aio(s liability "ana%, 26, teefoe tee is 'i!aio(s liability

of A&a% to ian. Te a%o(nt of B1, so(l& be pai& to ian as e as f(lfille& te

!onta!t, an& no/ te e/a& as be!o%e te legal igt of ian.

+in!eely,

"egal A&'iso

+ignat(e

$


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Contributory Negligence: 9t is te fail(e of plaintiff to take ne!essay pe!a(tions fo tei

safety +tatsky, 211. 9t is a'ailable as a &efen!e to bea! of stat(toy &(ty in all te sa%e

!i!(%stan!es.

State!ent A:Te non- &elegable &(ty (n&e !onta!ts states tat an e%ploye is liable fo te

safety of te e%ployees at /okpla!e, e'en if an e8tenal entity is ie& fo safety e(ie%ents

"(nney > ;lipant, 2. Also non- &elegable &(ties in geneal ae tose &(ties /i! !annot

be &elegate& to ti& peson.


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&ange o/e'e te !o(t also s(ggest tat te o/ne /ill only be &is!age& o allo/ &efen!e of

volenti non fit injuria,if te gi'en /aning is eno(g to a'oi& a!!i&ents +tong > Fillia%s,

211. Te &efen!e fo o!!(pie e8ists in !ase Tomlinson v Congleton Borough Council 2013,

/ee o!!(pie /as not el& liable be!a(se a %an /as paalyse& afte &i'ing &espite te /aning

signs D*angeo(s Fate- #o s/i%%ingE +tong > Fillia%s, 211.

9n te gi'en s!enaio ak be!o%es tespasse an& ignoes te /aning sign tat pool /ill be

!lose& bet/een 7: p% G 7: a%, o/e'e it /as no /ee %entione& tat te pool as been

e%ptie&. Teefoe, Pospla!e


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State!ent B: )oge !annot bing !lai% (n&e 'i!aio(s liability against #eil be!a(se bot ae

e%ployees of te otel an& tee is no legal !onta!t o agee%ent bet/een te t/o. Te

e%ploye is en /o as e%ploye& bot of te% an& teefoe )oge !annot !lai% against #eil

fo Colin@s a!tion. Also Colin as &one noting to !a(se a% to #eil /o is a ga&ene.

State!ent -: Te la/ of 'i!aio(s liability states tat if te e%ployee is liable &(ing te !o(se

of e%ploy%ent ten te e%ploye is also liable.


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.eferences

Cappell, *., *(nn, . > Co/lin, ., 2$ ;!!(pies "iability A!t 1$57. 9n: Building Law

Encyclopaedia#e/ esey: on Filey > +ons.

*ooley, *. 26.BTEC !ational Business" Boo# 2 a!*onal&, . 21. The Law of Contract;8fo& Ini'esity Pess.

"ana%, *. 26. Criminal Laws in $ustraliae&eation Pess.

"ank, . 24.Essentials of !ew %ersey &eal Estate*eabon )eal state.

"egala8. 213.'isher v Bell (1)*0+. )etie'e& 11 2, 213, fo% legal%a8.info:

ttp:///.legal%a8.info%e%bes2!onle!fise(ote.t%

"(nney, . > ;lipant, =., 2 Te #on- &elegable #at(e of %ployes *(ty. 9n: Tort Law,

Te-t and .aterials ;8fo&: ;8fo& Ini'esity Pess.

ille, ). ". 212.Business Law Today, The Essentials" 10th edCengage "eaning.

Patak. 27.Legal $spects /f BusinessTata !Ja/- Fillia%s, "., 211 Te ;!!(pies "iability A!t 1$4. 9n: Complete Tort Law,

Te-t" Cases" .aterials ;8fo&: ;8fo& Ini'esity Pess.

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p1414 - aspects of contract and negligence for business- assignment 2 bun (1)

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