1. Eltech Engineers Presents Useful InformationHelp You ToUnderstandOzone

2. Ozone is a triatomic allotrope of Oxygen formed byrecombination of Oxygen atoms. It is a colorless gaswith characteristic pungent odor and can easily bedetected at low level of 0.05 ppm. It is a very strongoxidant and is over 3000 times more powerfuldisinfectant than Chlorine. Itdisinfects, oxidizes, deodorizes, and decolorizes. It is very reactive and strongest commercially availablesanitizer and decomposes back to oxygen withoutleaving a trail behind, this makes it the preferred choicefor air disinfection and major contribution towards acleaner environment. 3. Ozone is a molecule composed of three atoms of oxygen. Two atoms of oxygenform the basic oxygen molecule--the oxygen we breathe that is essential to life.The third oxygen atom can detach from the ozone molecule, and re-attach tomolecules of other substances, thereby altering their chemical composition. Itis this ability to react with other substances that forms the basis ofmanufacturers claims. Ozone (O3) is one of the strongest oxidizing agents thatare readily available. It is used to reduce color, eliminate organic waste, reduceodor and reduce total organic carbon in water. Ozone is created in a number ofdifferent ways, including ultra violet (UV) light, corona discharge of electricitythrough an oxygen stream (including air), and several others. In treating smallquantities of waste, the UV ozonators are the most common, while large-scalesystems use either corona discharge or other bulk ozone-producing methods.Ozone is formed as oxygen (O2) is struck by a source of energy. The bondsthat hold the O2 together are broken and three O2 molecules are combined toform two O3 molecules. The ozone begins to break down fairly quickly, and asit does so, it reverts back into O2. The bonds that hold the atoms togetherare very weak, which is why ozone acts as a strong oxidant as readily as itdoes. 4. Ambient air (oxygen) passesthrough an air gap between ahigh voltage electrode and astainless steel groundingelectrode. The energy field ofelectrons created by the highvoltage electrode instantlyconverts oxygen (O2)molecules into ozone (O3). 5. PropertyOzone OxygenMolecular O3 O2FormulaMolecular 48 32Weight:Color Light BlueColourlessSmell -clothes after being outsideOdorlesson clothesline - photocopy machines - smell after lightning stormsSolubility in0.64 0.049Water(@ O-deg C)Density (g/l): 2.1441.429Electrochemica 2.07 1.23Potential, V 6. What is permissible Concentration of Ozone by Regulatory bodies?OSHA & ACGIH (USA)0.1 PPM (100 PPB) FDA0.05 PPM (50 PPB)WHO 0.05 PPM (50 PPB) ASHARE0.05 PPM (50 PPB 7. Ozone is the strongest oxidant and disinfectant available for thetreatment of aqueous solutions and gaseous mixtures. Although ozone is only partially soluble in water, it is sufficiently solubleand stable such that its oxidation or disinfectant properties can be fullyutilized. After ozone oxidizes or disinfects, it decomposes into oxygen Ozone reacts with a large variety of organic compounds resulting inoxygen-containing organic by-products. Although ozone is the strongest oxidizing agent commercially available, itis safe to handle. The primary reason is that it cannot be stored and,therefore must be generated and used on-site. Ozone in its gaseous phase is a proven deodorizer for a variety ofodorous materials. In treating potable water, wastewater, and landfill leachate, ozone hasthe proven ability to convert biorefractory organic materials tobiodegradable materials. As a result, combining ozone oxidation withsubsequent biological treatment can produce water or wastewater withlower concentrations of problematic organic compounds more cost-effectively than either process used individually. Applying ozone to any medium (liquid or gaseous) does not add otherchemicals. 8. Oxidizing Reagent Oxidizing PotentialOzone2.07Hydrogen Peroxide1.77Permanganate 1.67 Chlorine Dioxide1.57Hypochlorous acid1.49 Chlorine Gas1.36Hypobromous acid 1.33 Oxygen1.23 Bromine 1.09 Hypoiodous acid 0.99 Hypochlorite0.94 Chlorite0.76 Iodine0.54 9. Action in WaterChlorine OzoneOxidation Potential (Volts)- 1.362.07Disinfection: Bacteria ModerateExcellentVirusesModerateExcellentEnvironmentally FriendlyNo YesColor RemovalGoodExcellentCarcinogen FormationLikely UnlikelyOrganics Oxidation ModerateHighMicro flocculation NoneModeratepH EffectVariableLowersWater Half-Life2-3 hours 20 min.Operation Hazards: Skin Toxicity HighModerateInhalation ToxicityHighHighComplexity Low HighCapital Cost Low HighMonthly Use Cost Moderate-High Low 10. Applications:Destruction of bacteria and viruses Oxidation of iron and manganese Heavy metal precipitation Colour destruction Taste improvement Algae and protozoa destruction Hardness reduction Hydrogen sulphide and mercaptanselimination 11. MINERAL WATER SWIMMING POOLS SEWERAGE WATER EFFLUENT WATER COOLING TOWER WATER AIR PURIFICATION CHEMICALS PROCESSING MEDICAL APPLICATION 12. With Diffuser Injection DIFFUSER INJECTION Float valveAir VentCheck Oxygen Valve Cylinderwater Contact TankCompressor Min 5 metresOzoneTreated Generator Water Out Diffuser Bubbles of Ozone pop up from the Diffuser in the tank & the Ozone in the bubbles gets mixed with the liquids. 13. METHOD OF MIXING OZONE IN WATER 14. With Venturi Injection INJECTION BY VENTURY NOZZLESOxygen Concentrator Air VentO2OzoneCompressor GeneratorContact Tank Check ValveRawWater in Pump TreatedWater Check Venturi Valve OutCheckValveHere Ozone gets dissolved right from the moment of contact with water inside the Ventury. 15. Venturi Injectors (Injectors) work by forcing water through a conicalbody which initiates a pressure differential between the inlet andoutlet ports. This creates a vacuum inside the injector body, whichinitiates ozone suction through the suction port.Characteristics Very high ozone mass transfer rate (up to 60 to 70%) Requires water pump to initiate suction Efficiency rarely decreases over time No moving parts 16. Bubble Diffusers work by emitting ozone throughhundreds of bubbles beneath the waters surface.Characteristics:Low ozone mass transfer rate (typicallyaround 10-15%)Efficiency increases with increased waterdepthRequires air-pump to transfer oxygenbelow surfaceDiffuser holes become fouled decreasingtransfer efficiency 17. If you think a venturi injector is good enough, think again. Venturi injectors do attain fairly good mass transfer, but using a static mixer can greatly improve your mass transfer efficiency up to 90 to 95%.Notice how the bubbles are made into a fine mist as they move from left to rightresulting in significantly greater ozone mass transfer than using a venturi alone.Pipe size is 1-1/2" diameter. 18. Ozone oxidizes the transition metals to their higher oxidation statein which they usually form less soluble oxides, easy to separate byfiltration. e.g. iron is usually in the ferrous state when it is dissolvedin water. With ozone it yields ferric iron, further oxidized in water toFerric Hydroxide that is very insoluble and precipitates out forfiltration.Other metals: Arsenic (in presence ofIron), Cadmium, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Lead, Manganese, Nickel, Zinc - can be treated in a similar way. At Ozone levels above4 ppm however, Manganese will form solublepermanganate, showing up as a pink color. 19. A-108, Diamond Ind. Est., Ketki Pada Rd., Nr. Toll Naka,Off. W.E. Highway, Dahisar (E), Mumbai- 400 068. India Telefax +91-22-2897 2424 / 2727Contact Person : Mr.Rajesh Chauhan (Darji)Email :rajesh@eltech.in Thank You for beingWith Us..