ottoman,qing,japan 2013
TRANSCRIPT
Nationalist revolutions &
European advances led to the
Ottoman Empire losing territory
EX. Independence in the Balkans
Semi-Independence in North Africa
Later British influence in Egypt
The Sultanate has to be destroyed.
Religion and State have to be separated from one another.
We have to turn away from the eastern civilizations and turn to the
western ones.
We have to do away with the distinctions between men and women
and thereby found new social rules.
We have to find an alphabet based upon the Latin script, and
we have to focus ourselves towards the West in every respect, even
as far as our clothes are concerned." Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Chinese Rulers sing-along
-to the tune of “Frere Jacques”?
Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han
Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han
Sui, Tang, Song
Sui, Tang, Song
Yuan, Ming, Qing, Republic
Then comes Revolution
Mao Zedong, Mao Zedong
Empires that didn’t strike back!
Qing Dynasty of China (1644 – 1911)
The end of a 4000 years of dynastic cycles.
Ottoman Empire (1300 – 1918)
600 year old powerhouse fell.
Empires that didn’t strike back!
CHANGES
• Economy weakened
• Political Rebellions
• European pressure / takeover
• Social Class changes
CAUSES
In both Qing China & the Ottoman Empire:
• the government resisted economic change & attempted to maintain pre-industrial forms of economic production
• the leadership underestimated the growing power of the European nations
Do you remember?
Under the Tokugawa Emperor, the Japanese shoguns had chosen a policy of isolationism in the early 1600s.
Foreigners were prohibited to enter Japan and the Japanese were “prohibited” from leaving.
Outside powers threatened Japan
After the Opium Wars & a growing presence of European and U.S. warships (1850s) Japanese leaders “decided” to sign trade treaties and open Japan to outsiders.
Tokugawa rulers lose. . .
Shogun’s spinelessness triggered a
civil war
1868-group of young samurai take
over and restore 15 year old emperor-
Meiji period.
1st step-national unity
The Meiji Government
The emperor was
the “figurehead” of
the government
while power was
held by landowners
and businessmen
in congress & in
the military
(oligarchy).
Meiji Japan adapts
Western ideas
Japanese were sent
on study tours of
Europe. Europeans &
Americans were
hired to help
transform Japan.
In Japan a new
education system
was set up
FROM THIS . . .
JAPAN transformed
Rapid industrialization took place (with a mix of government & private ownership).
Railroads were built and urban areas became more “modern”
Feminism and Christianity make little progress
Japanese Imperialism
Japan gained control of Korea.
Japan defeated China to take control
of Taiwan (1894)
Japan defeated Russia to take control
of Manchuria (1905).
JAPAN TRANSFORMED~
CHANGES-
• New dynasty – Meiji Period began
• From a Closed economy to Industrial Power
• From Traditional to Modern –Culture, Economy, Military
• Isolated nation-state to Imperial Power
Which of the following statements best describes the main message of this cartoon?
A. Russia was bigger than Japan
B. Japan defeated Russia in a struggle for control of parts of East Asia
C. In WWI, Japan’s military was better than the Russian military
D. France supported Japan in its battles against Russia over territory in Manchuria