Other Diseases Due to liver cirrhosis

EdemaWhen Liver cirrhosis becomes severe, signals are sent to the kidneys to retain salt and water in the body. The excess salt and water accumulates in the tissue beneath the skin of the ankles and legs because of the effect of gravity when standing and sitting. This accumulation of fluid also may accumulation of fluid is called edema.AscitesIn liver cirrhosis more salt and water are retained, fluid also may accumulate in the abdominal cavity between the abdominal wall and the abdominal organs. This accumulation of fluid called ascites causes swelling of the abdomen, abdominal discomfort, and increased weight.MechanismPressure increased in veins which carries blood from stomach,intestines,and spleen to liver. And a low level of albumin in the blood which is usefull in the maintanece of blood volume. This protein is not formed in cirrhosis. By this mechanism the ascites is occur.TreatmentThe diuretics must be given to extra cation in without edema patients. Diuresis is too rapid in these patient and can lead to a low blood volume which cause kidney and liver failure. When patients who have both edema and ascites undergo diuresis, the edema fluid in the interstitial space serves as somewhat of a buffer against the development of low blood volume. The excess interstitial fluid moves into the blood vessel spaces to rapidly replenish the depleted blood volume.Spontaneous bacterial peritonitisThe infection within the abdomen due to ascetic fluid known as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. This infection may be life threatening. Some patients have no symptoms, while some have fever, chills, abdominal pain and tenderness, diarrhea, and worsening ascites.Portal hypertensionIn liver cirrhosis the scar tissue blocks the flow of blood returning to the heart from the intestines and raises the pressure in the portal vein due to this the patient of liver cirrhosis have portal hypertension.Bleeding from esophageal varicesDue to high pressure in portal vein increased flow of blood results, the veins in the lower esophagus and upper stomach expand and then referred as esophageal and gastric varices; the higher the portal pressure, the larger the varices and the more likely a patient is to bleed from the varices into the esophagus or stomach which is severe and can be fatal and symptoms include are epitemesis, malena, dizziness and fainting.Diabetes Diabetes mellitus and abnormality of glucose homeostasis occurring as a liver cirrhosis

and hepatitis because livers main and very important function is storing glycogen which is made from sugars. When required glycogen is broken down into glucose which is released into the blood stream. Due to illness in liver blood glucose level increases in the blood.