orteza edited part 1 animal kingdom 97
DESCRIPTION
ZOOLOGY LAB KINGDOM ANIMALIATRANSCRIPT
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General characteristicsMulticellularEukaryotic but with no cell wallsHeterotrophs (consumers) With nervous system to respond to their environment
Locomotion relates to ability to obtain food by moving to different places
Most animals develop from a zygote to become a new organism (individual)
Animals that are irregular in shape are asymmetrical.
Animals that are regular in shape are symmetrical.
An animal has radial symmetry if it can be divided along any plane, through a central axis, into equal halves.An animal has bilateral symmetry if it can be divided down its length into similar right and left halves forming mirror images of each other.
Though not all animals have a skeleton, those that do not have can be divided into two groups:Those with an exoskeleton – a hard, waxy coating on the outside of the body that protects internal organs, provides a framework for support, and a place for muscle attachment. Ex. Shrimp
Those with an endoskeleton – support framework within the body that protects some organs and a brace for muscles to pull against. Ex. Squid
Phyla under
Animal Kingdom
Phylum Porifera
(pore-bearing animals)
Characteristics:-the simplest form of animal life-live in water-cannot move around-no symmetry-with pores (holes) all over body
Filter Feeders: a sponge filters particles of food from water using collar cells and then pumps the water out the osculum.
Sponges
Sponges
Phylum Coelenterata(Cnidaria)
hollowed-bodied animals
Characteristics:Live in waterMost have tentaclescatch food with stinging cells(nematocyst)gut for digestion
Medusae
Carybdea sivickisiChironex fleckeri Chironex fleckeri
Chiropsalmus sp. Chiropsalmus sp. Carukia barnesi Carukia barnesi
Coelenterates- Hydrozoans
Cyanea capillata ->
Polyp
Corymorpha nutans
Anthozoans
Scypozoans
Urticina coriacea->Urticina coriacea->
<- Anthopleura sola<- Anthopleura sola
<- Anthopleura artemisia
Metridium farcimen ->Metridium farcimen ->
Phylum Platyhelminthes
(flatworms) Flat, ribbon-like body Live in water or are parasites bilateral symmetry
Flatworms-turbellarians
Planaria
Two turbellarians mating by penis fencing. Each has two penises, the white spikes on the undersides of their heads.
Pseudobiseros Polyclad
Flukes
Liver Fluke
Tapeworm-Taenia solium
Life cycle of Tapeworms
Phylum Nematoda
(Nemathelminthes)
Round wormsCharacteristics:-round, tubular body-some are small or microscopic -bilateral symmetry-have both a mouth and anus-live in water or are parasites
Hookworm
Trichinella
AscarisA large roundworm that lives in the intestines of pigs, horses and sometimes manFemales are larger than the males and may reach a length of nearly twelve inchesAscaris eggs enter the human being in contaminated food or waterThey do not hatch in the stomach, but
they begin to hatch within a few hours when they reach the small intestineA mature female lays about 200,000 eggs each dayAscaris seems relatively harmless in man, although occasionally a large number of adult worms twist together, block the intestine and cause deathInfections are more common in childrenAdults become infected under conditions of lack of vitamins
Ascariasis
toxocariasis
Heart worm
Dracunculus
Loa loaAncyclostoma
Elephantiasis
Phylum Annelida
(segmented worms)Characteristics:Body divided into segments(sections)Live in water or undergroundhave a nervous and circulatory system
Groups
Hirudinae:The LeechHirudinae:The Leech