Lloyd Dean

Origin and Insertion of Major Muscles & Fibre Directions

Aims By the end of the lesson you should be able to:

List and label the major muscles of the body

State the origin and insertion of the major muscles

Describe the different types of muscle shapes and match to major muscles

Explain the actions of major muscles and exercises that can be used to work each.

Origin and Insertion of MusclesTriceps (Long head, Lateral head & Medial head)

Biceps (Biceps Brachii)

OriginLong – ScapulaLateral and Medial – Humerus

InsertionUlna

OriginScapula

InsertionRadius and Ulna

Origin and Insertion of Muscles

Obliques (Internal and External)

Abdominals (Transverse Abdominous, Rectus Abdominus)

OriginLowest Rib

InsertionIlliac Crest

OriginIlliac

InsertionTransvers Abdominous – Linea alba (“White Line” collagen connective tissue)Rectus Abdominous - Sternum

Origin and Insertion of Muscles

Pectorals (Pectoralis Major)

Trapezius (Upper, Middle & Lower)

OriginClavicleSternumRibs

InsertionHumerus

OriginUpper – base of skullMiddle – Spinal ligamentsLower - Vertebrae

InsertionClavicleScapula

Origin and Insertion of Muscles

Deltoids (Anterior, Middle & Posterior)

Erector Spinae (Sacrospinatus)

OriginClavicleScapula

InsertionHumerus

OriginIliumSacrumRibs

InsertionBase of skullRibs

Origin and Insertion of Muscles

Hamstrings (Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus)

Quadriceps (Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius, Vastis Lateralis & Rectus Femoris)Origin

All Pelvis

InsertionAll Tibia

OriginRectus Femoris – IlliacAll Vastus’ - Femur

InsertionAll Patella

Origin and Insertion of Muscles

GastrocnemiusGluteals (Minimus, Medius & Maximus)

OriginFemur

InsertionAchilles tendon

OriginAll pelvis

InsertionAll Femur

Muscle Fibre DirectionDifferent muscles have varying shapes and

sizes

Can be classified into 5 shapes;ParallelConvergentPennateFusiformCircular

Muscle Fibre Direction

Parallel Convergent

Muscles that have fibres running parallel

Strap likeNot strong but

have good endurance

Sternoclastamoid

Also know as triangular

Origin is wider that the insertion

Allows greater force production

Pectoralis Major

Muscle Fibre Direction

Pennate Large numbers of muscle

fibre per unit Strong, but tire easier “Feather” shaped Further classified into;

Bipennate – Two rows of fibres facing opposite direction (Rectus Femoris)

Unipennate – Fibres are inserted in a diagonal direction onto tendon (Deep hand muscles)

Multipennate – Tendon branches into 3 (Deltoids)

Muscle Fibre Direction

Circular Fusiform

Circular shapeOrbicuslaris oris

(Lips)

Spindle shaped“Belly” of muscle is

wider than the origin and insertion

Biceps