organisms can interact in different ways. chapter 2 section 2
TRANSCRIPT
Organisms can interact in different ways.
Chapter 2
Section 2
Predator and Prey
Predator: an animal that eats another animal Prey: an animal that is eaten by a predator
– In a food chain, an animal can be both a predator and a prey
Competition
The struggle between individuals or different populations for a limited resource
Occurs between members of different species or
Occurs within the same species– Plants may compete with each other for light,
space, and nutrients
Cooperation
An interaction in which organisms work in a way that benefits them all
Example: Ants, bees, and termites live in colonies. Members of the colonies have different responsibilities like gathering food or defending the colony
The survival of one species might depend on another species.
Symbiosis: relationship between individuals of two different species who live together in a close relationship– May affect the partners in different ways
Both species benefit
Mutualism: an interaction between two species that benefits both– Example: termites live off of wood – they have
tiny singled celled protozoans living in their guts that help them digest the wood. The protozoans get a safe place to live, and the termites can take advantage of a plentiful food source
One Species Benefits
Commensalism: a relationship between two species in which one species benefits while the other is not affected– Example: Some fish protect themselves by
swimming among the stinging tentacles of a moon jellyfish. The fish benefit because the tentacles keep them safe and the jellyfish is not helped or hurt by the presence of the fish.
One species is harmed
Parasitism: a relationship between two species in which one species benefits while the species it depends on, its host, is harmed.– Example: Parasites are often tiny organisms that
feed off, and weaken, their hosts. Tapeworms and ringworms live inside their hosts.
Symbiotic Relationships
Mutualismbenefits both
Commensalism benefits one, other unaffected
Parasitism benefits one, harms other