organising committee - ka.edu.pl · organising committee head agata krawiec tel. (+48) 12 252 46 02...

ORGANISING COMMITTEE

Head AgAtA KrAwiec

tel. (+48) 12 252 46 02

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StaniSława KnapiK tel.: (+48) 12 252 46 50

MAciej BAnAcH tel. (+48) 12 252 46 01

jerzy MArcinKowsKi international contacts

tel. (+48) 12 252 46 96

Joanna SKrzypiec international contacts

tel. (+48) 12 252 46 95

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13tH–14tH June 2011, KraKow, poland

11th international academic conferenceorganiSed by andrzeJ frycz modrzewSKi KraKow univerSity

STATE, ECONOMy, SOCIETy

Contents

Section: PoLiticS AnD teRRoRiSM .......................................................... 5

Section: HeALtH ........................................................................................ 7

Section: MAnAGMent – tHeoRy of tHe fiRM, tHeoRy of MAnAGeMent ......................................................... 9

Section: MAnAGMent – MAcRoeconoMicS ....................................... 11

Section: MAnAGMent – enviRonMentAL econoMicS ....................... 13

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11th International Academic Conference Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University State, Economy, Society

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sunday, 12 June 2011

HotEl “U FryCzA” – AndrzEj FryCz ModrzEwSKI KrAKow UnIvErSIty BUIldIng C

12.00 – 19.00 rEgIStrAtIon For ConFErEnCE

BUIldIng B 18.00 ExHIBItIon oF worKS By lECtUrErS And StUdEntS oF tHE

FACUlty oF ArCHItECtUrE And FInE ArtS oF AndrzEj FryCz ModrzEwSKI KrAKow UnIvErSIty

BUIldIng A 18.30 wElCoME MEEtIng oF tHE UnIvErSIty AUtHorItIES wItH

ForEIgn gUEStS / SUppEr

Monday, 13 June 2011

8.00 – 9.00 rEgIStrAtIon

9.00 confeRence oPeninG ceReMony – proFESSor jErzy MAlEC, pH.d. – rECtor oF AndrzEj FryCz ModrzEwSKI KrAKow UnIvErSIty lECtUrE HAll 026, BUIldIng A

9.15 Material Resources: Is it Possible to Talk with Stones? proFESSor toMASz węCłAwowICz, pH.d. lECtUrE HAll 026, BUIldIng A

10.00 – 10.30 CoFFEE BrEAK 10.30 – 12.00 ConFErEnCE SESSIonS 12.00 – 12.30 CoFFEE BrEAK 12.30 – 14.00 ConFErEnCE SESSIonS 14.00 – 15.00 lUnCH 15.00 – 17.00 ConFErEnCE SESSIonS 19.30 BAnqUEt – BUIldIng C

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tuesday, 14 June 2011

10.30 – 12.00 ConFErEnCE SESSIonS 12.00 – 12.30 CoFFEE BrEAK 12.30 – 14.00 ConFErEnCE SESSIonS 14.00 – 15.00 lUnCH 15.00 – 17.00 ConFErEnCE SESSIonS

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Sections run in the English language

tHReats oF tHe ConteMPoRaRy WoRLd

Section: POLITICS AND TERRORISM

13 June 2011 ▶

Building A, room 219 ▶

10.30–12.00 ▶

ChAIR: PROfESSOR BOguSłAwA BEDNARCzyk, Ph.D.

PROfESSOR hARALD g. kuNDOCh, Ph.D.1. – germany, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University Security within the EU and the fight against terrorism: Providing a legal framework on the use of passenger name record data (PNR) at EU-level

PROfESSOR, ENg. MILAN SOPOCI, Ph.D.2. – Armed Forces Academy in liptovsky Mikulaš, Slovakia Terrorism and Crisis Control System

PROfESSOR MARIO PLENkOvIC3. University of zagreb, president of Croatia Communication Association department of Communication Studies, Faculty of graphic Arts, Croatia Leadership and the Contemporary World of Crisis Communication

MAgDALENA MODRzEJEwSkA, Ph.D. 4. – jagiellonian University, Institute of American and polish Studies, poland Anarchist utopia – Is Somalia better off without the government?

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13 June 2011 ▶


12.30–14.00 ▶

REDA STANkEvIChENE 1. – Mykolas romeris University, lithuania The Role of Forgiveness, Mediation and Reconciliation in Contemporary World

ASSOCIATE PROfESSOR gABRIELE SIMONCINI 2. – john Cabot University, Italy Security, Politics, and Higher Education in Global Context

MAgDOLNA LáCzAy, Ph.D. 3. – University of debrecen Faculty of the Child and Adult Education department of the Institutional Management and leadership, Hungary Key issues in the higher education of civil security and property protection

OkSANA BRATkEvyCh, IvAN LOzENkO 4. – lviv University of Business and law, Ukraine Histоry and perspectives of Ukraine’s integration in the EU

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Section: hEALTh

13 June 2011 ▶


15:00–17:00 ▶

ChAIR: PROfESSOR JERzy JAśkIEwICz, Ph. D.

PROfESSOR JO CARBy-hALL, Ph.D. 1. – University of Hull, United Kingdom Mental Illnesses in the UK and how they affect Employment

RECTOR, PROfESSOR vASILI kAChuRkA 2. – Baranovichi State University, Belarus The familiarization of students with a healthy lifestyle in Baranovichi State University

PROfESSOR yuRII PELEkh 3. – International University of Economics and Humanities named after ac. S. demianchuk, Ukraine The conceptual approach to the determination of diagnosis Methods of Individual Valuable and Semantic Sphere of the First year Students

IgOR gRyguS 4. – International University of Economics & Humanities named after ac. S. demianchuk, Ukraine Efficiancy of Physical Rehabilitation Use for Patients with Persistent Bronchial Asthma

NATALIA MykhAyLOvA 5. – International University of Economics & Humanities named after ac. S. demianchuk, Ukraine Physical Rehabilitation at a Congenital Clubfoot

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OLExANDER hRyTSyk 6. – International University of Economic and Humanities named after ac. S. demianchuk, Ukraine Monitoring of the fasciolosis

MIROSLAvA LíškOvá, Ph.D. 7. – Constantine the philosopher University in nitra, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Slovakia Health Promotion Programmes in Slovakia in the International Context

PROfESSOR EvA SOLLAROvA, Ph.D. 8. – Constantine the philosopher University nitra, Slovakia Proactive coping as a measure of optimally functioning person

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Section: MANAgMENT – ThEORy Of ThE fIRM, ThEORy Of MANAgEMENT

13 June 2011 ▶


10.30–12.00 ▶

ChAIR: kRzySzTOf wAśNIEwSkI, Ph.D.

LuDMILA LySá, Ph.D. 1. – Catholic University, ružomberk, Slovakia The impact of the crisis to the management of manufacturing companies

LuDMILA LySá, Ph.D. 2. – Catholic University, ružomberk, Slovakia The pros and cons of outsourcing in the staff management

INg. PAvEL MIkuš, Ph.D. 3. – Catholic University, ružomberk, Slovakia The dynamics of development of company

13 June 2011 ▶


12.30–14.00 ▶

PROfESSOR BOhuSLAvA MIhALčOvá 1. – pavol jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of public Administration, Slovakia Competitiveness of the field lines

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PROfESSOR, INg. MIChAL PRužINSky, Ph.D. 2. – Catholic University, ružomberk, Slovakia Cost Controlling

DR BEATA PAwłOwSkA 3. – powiślańska Szkoła wyższa, poland Dynamics of the surroundings and its influence on SMEs.

13 June 2011 ▶


15.00–17.00 ▶

PROfESSOR gEORg wESTERMANN, Ph.D. 1. DIPL. kff MANuELA kOCh – Hochschule Harz, germany Efficiency in the service sector: Applying Data Envelopment Analysis to measure and evaluate employee

TEAChINg ASSISTANT JOvICA STANkOvIC 2. – Faculty of Economics, University of nis, Serbia The use of ICT in tourism management

MARyNA STEPANOvA 3. – Kharkiv University of Humanities “people’s Ukrainian Academy”, Ukraine Network structure as a way to protect against high uncertainty of environment

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Section: MANAgMENT – MACROECONOMICS

14 June 2011 ▶


10.30–12.00 ▶

ChAIR: kRzySzTOf wAśNIEwSkI, Ph.D.

SuzANA kOLAR, Ph.D. 1. – University of novi Sad, Serbia Country risk in Serbia and Impact on Foreign Direct Investment

MASTER OEC DEJAN žIvkOv 2. – Higher School of professional Business Studies, Serbia Fiscal Risks and necessity of fiscal consolidation

vLADISLAv MARJANOvIC, Ph.D. 3. – University of nis, Faculty of Economics, Serbia Influence of Economic Structure on the Economic development of Serbia

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14 June 2011 ▶


12.30–14.00 ▶

ASSOCIATE PROfESSOR LIuDMyLA kOMIR 1. – Kharkiv University of Humanities “people’s Ukrainian Academy”, Ukraine Depopulation as Economic Treat

SzABOLCS PáSzTOR 2. – College of nyíregyháza, Hungary Special Rural Development Issues in Central and Eastern Europe, Special Rural Development Issues in Central and Eastern Europe

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Section: MANAgMENT – ENvIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS

14 June 2011 ▶


15.00–17.00 ▶

vASyL zAPLATyNSkyI 1. – national Aviation University, Ukraine Nuclear energy – Threats and Prospects

ASSISTANT PROfESSOR DR. AND RES. ASSIST ARCAN AND SEvgI 2. EDA TuzCu AND TuzCu – Ankara University, Institute of Social Sciences, turkey Renewable Energy and Proven Oil Reserves Relation: Evidence from OPEC Countries

MIháLy DOMBI 3. – University of debrecen Centre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Studies, Hungary Influential factors of economies’ material requirement

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1. LuDMILA LySá, Ph.D. – Catholic university, Ružomberk, Slovakia

The impact of the crisis to the management of manufacturing companies

turbulence characteristics and discontinuity are now so the economic environment as well as a pet. the end of the twentieth century was a period of significant changes in the economic, political, technological and social environment as well. Economic environment functions as a complex system that is being affected by both internal and external to the unforeseeable fac-tors. these phenomena are causing instability and their consequences, it is not possible to predict in advance. Cause changes in the security environment, are the source of new issues and chal-lenges but also new experiences of the process of managing these crises. Environment of the global market economy, which is part of the economy of Slovakia, is char-acterized by a certain degree of risk. In economic news, we non meet the with free environ-ment. there is always a probability of exposure to unknown factors, which threatens the causal dependence phenomena and the expected results. Exploring the causes of these phenomena is not possible without the knowledge of causation, so past and present. Consideration and practice solutions to the crisis, which take into account its real causes, which are only half edits, whether or not the belief in an automatic return to the steady-state, but only prolong the crisis dealt with and deepened. these phenomena but require a new approach, seeking new causa-tion between seemingly isolated processes and phenomena.

LuDMILA LySá, Ph.D. – Catholic university, Ružomberk, Slovakia

The pros and cons of outsourcing in the staff management

Article addresses the issue of outsourcing. possibilities, advantages and disadvantages of its use in the management of the company. the author explains the essence of the benefits of financial, strategic and personal benefits of outsourcing and contracting, power, communica-tion, social, financial and information risks of outsourcing. In terms of personnel management company deals with issues such as payroll administration, search, recruitment, benefits sys-tem, creating reward systems, training, personnel leasing and outplacement. In the final part of the material is characterized by outsourcing relationship with employees: outsourcing by taking over all employees, contractors, free of all contractor employees, outsourcing by taking over only certain employees, outsourcing through the secondment of contractor employees

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2. INg., PAvEL MIkuš, Ph.D. – Catholic university, Ružomberk, Slovakia

The dynamics of development of company

prosperity and business performance are not obvious, but the production and the process performance of the company through its employees and managers. Managers who can identify the company’s potential, its strengths and weaknesses as well as market opportunities, which are prerequisites for any enterprise development. It is a very important task management, but also employees of the undertaking to the right in measuring and reporting of prosperity set the correct standard, which will reflect the degree of dynamic development of the company, but will be comparable and acceptable to the market.

Key words: dynamics of development, factors influencing the dynamics of development, sta-ges of pros perity, enterprise performance.

3. SuzANA kOLAR, Ph.D. – university of Novi Sad, Serbia

Country risk in Serbia and Impact on Foreign Direct Investment

during the earlier centuries, the analysis of risks relating to foreign lending was more an art than science and certainly in some measure continues to be so today. Although nicholas p. Sar-gen published his first work in 1970 the scientists have contemplated this topic indirectly. In the environment of global competition for investment, the concept of country risk has become important for developing and implementing effective strategies for attracting and retaining foreign direct investment. As companies expand operations into emerging markets, the assess-ment of country risk has become a central component of valuation. Economists around the world are increasingly engaging in a discussion about the risk. we want to consider this issue from one particular standpoint. the aim of this paper is the country risk management, and the main task is to analyze the impact of country risk in Serbia on foreign investment. In this paper, we rely on the analysis of previously published empirical studies of domestic and foreign au-thors, which, in combination with the analytical approach, is supposed to show the importance of risk management of the country when making investment decisions. the first part deals with the definition of country risk. the second chapter presents an overview of country risk analysis and its role in making decisions regarding a bank’s portfolio of international assets. the third section deals with the amount of political and economic risks in Serbia. the fourth part pre-sented investment climate in Serbia and its impact on foreign direct investment.

Keywords: country risk, country risk analysis, political and economic risks in Serbia, foreign direct investment in Serbia

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4. PROfESSOR BOhuSLAvA MIhALčOvá – Pavol Jozef šafárik university in košice, faculty of Public Administration – Slovakia

Competitiveness of the field lines

Increasing the competitiveness of organizations is a difficult challenge in any society. It repre-sents a set of interrelated variables that can not exist separately. therefore, the competitive-ness in one area does not mean the competitiveness of the entire organization. the future prosperity of the organization is a perfect symbiosis with its environment. the aim of this paper is to define the theoretical basis of competitiveness, to highlight the synergies and manage-ment throughout the organization to create competitive advantage and respond to troubled areas of competitiveness of organizations in Slovakia. when creating a competitive advantage any organization is the fitting of a competitive mentality in administration, leadership, man-agement and all activities it going. Competitive advantage is becoming the cornerstone of any strategy. If an organization or company in the seed already planned their competitiveness can not be successful and benefiting. Keywords: Competitiveness of the organization. Competitive advantage. Competitiveness fac-tors.

5. PROfESSOR hARALD g. kuNDOCh, Ph.D. – germany, krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja frycza Modrzewskiego

Security within the EU and the fight against terrorism: Providing a legal framework on the use of passenger name record data (PNR) at EU-level

over the last decade the EU and other parts of the world have seen an increase in serious and organised crime, such as trafficking in human beings and drugs. As a response to the threat posed by serious crime and terrorism and the abolition of internal border controls under the Schengen Convention the EU adopted measures such as the Schengen Information System (SIS) the second-generation Schengen Information System (SIS II), the visa Information System (vIS), and the anticipated Entry/Exit System are examples of such measures. the Stockholm programme also calls on for the use of pnr data to prevent, detect, investigate and prosecute terrorism and serious crime.pnr data is unverified information provided by passengers, and collected by and held in the car-riers’ reservation and departure control systems for their own commercial purposes. It contains several different types of information, such as travel dates, travel itinerary, ticket information, contact details, the travel agent at which the flight was booked, means of payment used, seat number and baggage information. More systematic collection, use and retention of pnr data with respect to international flights, subject to strict data protection guarantees, would strengthen the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of terrorist offences and serious crime and is necessary to meet those threats to security and reduce the harm they cause.

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given that the use of pnr data is not currently regulated at EU level, it is necessary to harmon-ise Member States’ provisions on obligations for air carriers, operating flights between a third country and the territory of at least one Member State, to transmit pnr data to the competent authorities for the purpose of preventing, detecting, investigating and prosecuting terrorist of-fences and serious crime. this does not require air carriers to collect any additional information from passengers or to retain any data, nor does it require passengers to provide any data in addition to that already being provided to air carriers.In order to ensure compliance with the principle of proportionality, the legal target is therefore carefully limited in scope and contains strict private data protection guarantees.

Key words: passenger name record (pnr) provide EU-member states with data on passengers entering or departing from the EU.

Currently, the uSA, Canada and Australia oblige Eu-air carriers to make PNR-data available for all persons who fly to and from these countries. Air carriers transfer the data to a dedicated unit in EU-member states where they will be – un-der strict limitation – analysed and retained for the purpose of preventing, detecting, investi-gating and prosecuting serious crime and terrorist offences. A high level of protection of privacy and personal data is required in order to limiting the im-pact on privacy. Sensitive data that could reveal racial and ethnic origin, political opinions or religious beliefs should never transferred by air carriers. pnr data can be used only in a short retension period. A monitoring system by an independent supervisory body (data protection authority) is es-sential. the EU-Commission proposed a legal framework on the use of pnr data. A draft of a special directive had been already deliberated by the European parliament. the political discussions should probably enable a consensus to be reached on many of the provisions.

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6. MASTER OEC DEJAN žIvkOv – university o Novi Sad, Serbia (higher School of Professional Business Studies)

Fiscal Risks and necessity of fiscal consolidation

the rise of the global economic crisis in 2008. resulted in the collapse of financial markets in many developed countries. Basic consequences of the global recession was the sharp fall in ag-gregate demand and increase of unemployment. the state has occurred in such circumstances as the only entity that can affect aggregate demand through fiscal policy and thereby restore the economy to pre crisis level. All governments in the world are more or less introduced inter-vention measures to assist business entities to offset the decline in consumption that occur on the side of consumers and business. Such measures have occurred both in the public revenues and public expenditure although the measures on the expenditure side were much larger and more aggressive. today we are witnessing that such actions gave results but the fears of fi-nancial crisis is now replaced by the fiscal risks in the form of high budget deficits and massive public debt. Aware of the dangers many countries have taken restrictive fiscal measures that should lead to the consolidation of public finances and thus convince financial markets that the country is ready to prevent the occurrence of double recession. the basic method used in this work is analytical and empirical, and with help of numerous tables and graphs we will show the specific actions that different countries took to overcome the recession and what consequences of such policies were.

7. PROfESSOR, INg. MIChAL PRužINSký, Ph.D. – Catholic university, Ružomberk, Slovakia

Cost Controlling

the aim of controlling is to prepare in-house controlling and perform optimization of all func-tional areas in business. one important task of controlling, to be implemented across the board in all functional areas is helping to manage earnings. profit is a differential quantity that arises as the difference between realized returns and costs consumed in the company. Since the area of benefit is short (often) directly susceptible to businesses and also the most important role in this field performs marketing and sales, field of company revenues in this chapter will not deal with. the area cost is largely susceptible to inside the enterprise and corporate gover-nance here often has more extensive facilities for their management. Corporate controlling, in particular its components – the cost controlling role especially in the management of variable costs, profit by holding a follow-up and management of indirect costs through cost-controlling process. Each of these areas to look at the costs and causes a rise of costs from a different perspective. these areas are complementary and provide a comprehensive view of cost ma-nagement. we are introducing the elements of cost controlling and dealing with the structure, methodology, and using tools. the german branch of controlling developed this approach to the management of company profits. Based on the basic assumption that the controlling me-ans we are able to achieve a target profit, it means then understood as controlling the mana-gement of company profits. Controlling how gain control of course claim that taxes are not part

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of the business environment. Its mission is not tax optimization and decision thereon, its aim is to gain control and thus the main business enterprise.

Key words: Controlling. Costs. process. gain control.

8. RECTOR, PROfESSOR vASILI kAChuRkO – Baranovichi State university, Belarus

The familiarization of students with a healthy lifestyle in Baranovichi State University

1. Mass physical culture and sports development in present conditions:- social orientation of the role of physical culture and sports - physical culture and sports management structure - legislation of the republic of Belarus and state programs in the sphere of physical culture

and sports- resource base creation for the population needs in a healthy lifestyle satisfaction 2. physical culture and sports development in the system of education:- physical education concept in the educational system reformation conditions- state policy in provision of educational institutions with sport facilities- training of pt-teachers and the participation of BarSU in this process3. Mass physical-and-sport movement development in the University:- the participation of students in competitions of various levels as a form of their familiariza-

tion with a healthy lifestyle - the management of the healthy lifestyle formation process - sport facilities creation and maintenance- physical training groups, fitness groups, sport clubs, “schools of health” in the University- sport achievements- monitoring of healthy lifestyle conceptions - giving up of bad habits as a healthy lifestyle condition and result - motivation to a healthy life-style

9. vASyL zAPLATyNSkyI – National Aviation university, ukraine

Nuclear energy – Threats and Prospects

the analysis of the use of nuclear energy. Showing the threat of using nuclear energy. A com-parative analysis of nuclear and thermal power. outlines the prospects for further develop-ment of nuclear power. the possibilities of switching to other forms of energy.

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10. PROfESSOR JO-CARBy hALL, Ph.D. – university of hull, united kingdom

The Mental Illnesses Phenomenon under British Employment Law

Having set the scene of the topic, the tapestry woven by the common law relating to the em-ployer’s duty of care will be briefly examined. then will follow a brief analysis on the novelties which have taken place at common law in the area of mental illness. these novelties will ad-dress such issues as primary and secondary victims’ forseeability; derogation of the employer’s duty of care; causation and the apportionment and quantification of damages. A summing up of this analysis will conclude the content of this paper.

11. vLADISLAv MARJANOvIC, Ph.D – university of Nis, faculty of Economics, Serbia

Influence of Economic Structure on the Economic development of Serbia

Historically speaking, the economic development of Serbia, was very cyclic and it had many specifics which are hard to count. Frequent changes of the economic system as an ambient in which one economy is developing, and changes of internal and external environment, influ-enced the economic development of Serbia to a great extent, so because all of these factors it had been much more impeded than stimulated. the economic structure also acted very spe-cifically in keeping with the economic development, and at times simply said –uncommonly, scientificaly inexplicable. taking into account that ex-yugoslavia possessed “large specifics”, especially when the economic system is in question, it can be said that the whole epoch was a huge experiment. Such turbulent conditions of economy projected on the economic structure, of course, that started moving further away from its “optimum”. Structural disproportions dur-ing the decades have increased so much, that today they represent certainly one of the great-est problems of the economy of Serbia, which are the cause also of some other disbalances in economy, of which the most important are balance of payment disbalance and huge regional disproportions. joining into EU is maybe one of the last chances of finding the optimal econom-ic structure, since the economic structure of Serbia must adapt to the EU economic structure. Key words: Economic structure, economic development, Serbia.

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12. PROfESSOR ENg. MILAN SOPOCI, Ph.D. – Armed forces Academy in Liptovsky Mikulaš, Serbia

Terrorism and Crisis Control System the contribution speaks about Air terrorism threats and analyses possibility Crisis Control in the system of the fight against Air terrorism. In the concrete case shows on possibility of the fight against Air terrorism means with using different Air Forces means – aircrafts from air-ports in alert system, radars and air defense missiles units from mounted positions near state important objects. An analyze was elaborates with using new modern command and control systems, which allow evaluate air situation in real time or in the time near real situation. these possibilities are enabled with software and projects, which have had genesis in departments of Military academy. the main part refers about protection important state objects of the Slovak republic – capital of the Slovak republic and nuclear power plants and speaks about compe-tences a main personswith responsibility for objects protection. Key words: Crisis Control, Air terrorism, special operations, human factor, human sources, le-adership.

13. PROfESSOR gEORg wESTERMANN, Ph.D. DIPL. kff. MANuELA kOCh – hochschule harz, germany

Efficiency in the service sector: Applying Data Envelopment Analysis to measure and evaluate employee performance by Manuela Koch/ Georg Westermann

despite the financial crisis in 2008 and previous crises, such as the bursting of the internet bub-ble in 2001, the service sector is expanding rapidly worldwide. Moreover this industry accounts for about two-thirds of total value added and four-fifths of real value added growth within the EU economy. However, the research into productivity and efficiency of services is still in its infancy. thus, until today there is no consensual definition of services productivity and its mea-surement. Besides intangibility and simultaneity, customer participation in the service process and heterogeneity are significant characteristics for the nature of services. due to those char-acteristic features the production factor “employee” is of crucial importance within the service process. Contrary to the industrial sector a performance measurement that primary focuses on quantitative performance indicators and assumes a parametric identical production function seems unsuitable. In consequence, an adequate method that permits different, linear produc-tion functions, provides a measure of relative (to best) performance efficiency and operates with non-financial performance indicators needs to be applied. At the same time, the perfor-mance measurement shall only compare employees that possess a similar production function and therefore show comparable input and output relations. within this paper the significance for properly measuring the employee efficiency performance in the service sector will be out-lined. Afterwards several methods that are already used for performance measurement will be

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discussed, regarding their pros and cons. In addition to that, the data Envelopment Analysis as a method for measuring employee performance will be introduced. Finally an illustrating example of an application in the service sector will be given.

14. TEAChINg ASSISTANT JOvICA STANkOvIC – university of Nis, faculty of Economics, Serbia

The use of ICT in tourism management

the use of information and communication technologies (ICt) in tourism management is necessity for modern tourism. the goal is to provide timely and accurate information in appropriate manner. the focus of the paper is on strategic issues for tourism management and marketing, in addition to the specific industry sector applications of ICt. First part cov-ers issues, trends, and challenges associated with the use of ICt for strategic management. Second part focuses on demand and supply. It examines the different needs of e-con-sumers and discusses how customer satisfaction can be improved with ICt. Since custom-ers’ preferences and behaviour change rapidly it is very important to answer these needs. third part focuses on supply-driven e-tourism. It examines the particular challenges facing small and medium enterprises in using ICt, including customer relationship management. Fourth part of the paper discusses the distribution systems of tourism, their integration, and how ICts are being applied to distribute tourism products more effectively. last part focuses on travel agencies, tour operators, hospitality operations, and destinations. Sectors as attractions, enter-tainment, congress tourism, gaming, transportation, and food and beverage are also covered. Conclusion of the paper points to the future, describing some important trends and challenges. It explains the role of ICt in modern tourism industry, so as benefits gained by using ICt. Key words: Information and communication technologies, tourism management, tourism in-dustry

15. ASSOCIATE PROfESSOR gABRIELE SIMONCINI – John Cabot university, Italy

Security, Politics, and Higher Education in Global Context

the fundamental essence of western liberal democracy is constituted by its openness, by being an open society. openness is paralleled by fluidity, and accompanied by uncertainty and risk. the global open society provides remarkable opportunities for developing higher education and research throughout the world. Colleges and universities, mostly private ones, have sprung up in all continents since the end of last century. Higher education worldwide has become one of the fundamental strategic factors of globalization. It promotes exchange, transfer of knowledge, and brain migration. Finally, it reaffirms and further promotes openness. within the global scenario, an increasing number of new players are gaining visibility and power; and established players (after American) are extending their reach. Furthermore, the management

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capabilities of traditional players like the nation-states have being eroded at an increasing pace. new players are now in the game, not only international organizations and ngos. Multi-national corporations, private business, private educational and research institutions, and also terrorist organizations, are now global players with growing influence. on the security front, higher education can play an increasing crucial strategic role, in making the open society still relatively safe.

Keywords: global education, higher education, globalization, security.

16. MIROSLAvA LíškOvá, Ph.D. – Constantine the Philosopher university in Nitra, faculty of Social Sciences and health Care, Slovakia

Health Promotion Programmes in Slovakia in the International Context

the basic principles and aims of health care focus on meeting the wHo healthcare policy for the European region. the Slovak republic follows the principles too. the principles are not suf-ficient for effective prevention, health protection and maintenance. nowadays the health care has a tendency to focus on health promotion, which results in establishment of health promo-tion organisations and health programmes. the basis of health promotion is in its significance for the whole society and its links with health education. we used the content analysis as a method to identify the focus and extent of the regional programmes on health education, to identify cooperation between individual institutions on programmes implementation and to present the role of nursing in health education. we analysed 36 health promotion programmes. the main analytical categories were history, structure, target groups, set and met goals, coop-eration, funding, implementation, and evaluation. the individual findings were processed by a qualitative analysis followed by description. the health promotion programmes focus mainly on children and the issues of movement, nutrition, cancer prevention and stress elimination. their implementation requires cooperation with the professionals in nursing, nurses or student nurses. we recommend informing the public through the media and promoting individual ac-tivities as a part of health programmes, and continuing in cooperation with a wide variety of professionals as well as volunteers. Key words: health, health promotion, health promotion programmes, Health 21, wHo, na-tional Health promotion programme.

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17. OLExANDER hRyTSyk – International university of Economic and humanities named after ac. Stephan Demianchuk, ukraine

Monitoring of the fasciolosis

In western polyssya of Ukraine among cattle is registered fasciolosis. this illness is caused of fluke Fasciola hepatica parasitizes in bile ducts of mammalian liver and is therefore dangerous to animals and humans. the lead through of effective measures of fight from fasciolosis of cattle together with the task of providing of prosperity of livestock of animals and farms from invasive diseases, foresees prevention of infection of people the worms of this kind and pro-vides the production of high-quality goods of animal origin.An important element in the system of fight from fasciolosis of cattle is dehelminthization of the animals infested worms. today is developed a large number of drugs effective against vari-ous kinds of worms, including flukes, but the vast majority of them for a long time is allocated to milk and therefore can not be used for dairy cattle. that is why the issue of the day is de-velopment of preparations of effective against flukes so suitable for the use in the dairy cattle. As a result of searching works it is developed new anthelminthic drug. the results of experi-ments showed high efficiency preparation and his hypotoxicity.

18. ASSISTANT PROfESSOR DR. AND RES. ASSIST ARCAN AND SEvgI EDA TuzCu AND TuzCu – Ankara university, Institute of Social Sciences, Turkey

Renewable Energy and Proven Oil Reserves Relation: Evidence from OPEC Countries

the well documented literature on the relation between energy consumption and global warm-ing has been extended by the addition of renewable energy consumption. Several studies show its impacts on technical efficiency, per capita income or Co2 emission levels for developed and developing countries. However, none of them states the importance of renewables for the countries where the main type of fossil fuels, oil, is exported, but not imported. this study aims to explore the association between renewable energy, real gdp, Co2 emission level, real oil prices as well as the proved oil reserves for 6 opEC countries and 1 ex – opEC country, i.e. Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, nigeria, venezuela and Indonesia. the analyses are conducted using panel data techniques, namely fixed effect – random effect tests. Based on the previous literature, one expects to find a positive and significant relation between renewable energy per capita consumption and real gdp per capita and per capita Co2 emission level. Although the literature states a positive coefficient for real oil prices for non – opEC countries, the likelihood of the sign for net oil exporting countries is ambiguous. However, a negative association is expected between proved reserves and renewable energy consumption, since the continuous decline in the oil reserves threats the whole world as well as the opEC countries. Key words: renewable energy, opEC countries, panel data techniques.

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19. REDA STANkEvIChENE – Mykolas Romeris university, Lithuania

The Role of Forgiveness, Mediation and Reconciliation in Contemporary World we are living in so called post sovietic space. danute gailiene (2007) describes a lot of psy-chological harm made to our people. the harm of soviet occupation effected three genera-tions at least. grazina gudaite (2007) gives deep psychoanalytic view to this problem. the fear to express your self, the fear to be successful, the fear and hate to former occupations is a subsequence of the soviet occupation. But this occupant is our neighbour. we want to have good neighbourhood, but we want to be save. Are we strong enough to forgive? Are we strong enough for real reconciliation? Ani Kalayjian and raymond F. paloutzian (2009) state: “the ideal for conflict transformation and lasting peace is to have offenders and victims come together to dialogue, understand each other’s points of view, and focus on the future rather than on the past. that is what reconciliation is all about.” what a role may play in this context mediation as most progressive way of conflict resolution? what a conditions we need to pro-vide mediation? review of last research is given. Some practical proposals are given. directions for future research are given.

Key words: forgiveness, mediation, reconciliation, occupation, genocide.

20. PROfESSOR EvA SOLLAROvA, Ph.D. – Constantine the Philosopher university Nitra, Slovakia

Proactive coping as a measure of optimally functioning person

Measures of optimally functioning person are typically studied in the context of therapeutic changes. the paper presents the topic within the nontherapeutic context following positive psychology perspective in its emphasis on developing strengths and competences of a person. on the sample of 80 social workers we studied the relationship between coping strategies and the level of personality integration. results suggest that optimally functioning persons tend to act proactively and create life opportunities rather than react and solve problems when they arise. the potential of proactive coping as a measure predicting effective functioning of a help-ing professional in stressful interpersonal situations is discussed.

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21. IgOR gRyguS – International university of Economics & humanities named after ac. Stepan Demianchuk, ukraine

Efficiancy of Physical Rehabilitation Use for Patients with Persistent Bronchial Asthma

Illnesses of breathing organs remain the most widespread in Ukraine nowadays, among them there is bronchial asthma which is one of important medical-social problems. A disease will strike all of age-dependent groups of population, violates quality of patients’ life, reduces a general level of their health. taking into account information of inspections and problems which are more frequent among patients, we developed the complex program of physical re-habilitation, which is based on the results of inspection of the functional state, expressestima-tion of the state of health and features of illness flowing. the improvement of the functional state of the respiratory system in probed testifies to positive influence of engaged in a physical rehabilitation after the developed method on move possibilities of patients. Using of physical rehabilitation for the patients helped to reduce the symptoms of asthma, patients were able to conduct the active way of life not limited in the ordinary physical loadings or exercises. Ap-plication of the offered complex program of physical rehabilitation of patients on persistent bronchial asthma of middle weight instrumental in raising of general physical health and qual-ity of life, normalization of indexes of function of the external breathing, increase of mobile of lower pulmonary edges, diminishing of middle total mark of symptoms, the best move away sputum, to the improvement of sleep and feel, considerably the doses of standard bronkholitik diminished for days, that allowed to obtain control above asthma.

22. NATALIA MykhAyLOvA – International university of Economics & humanities named after ac. Stepan Demianchuk, ukraine

Physical Rehabilitation at a Congenital Clubfoot

this investigation aimed to prove the necessity of physical rehabilitation usage in the cor-rection of wrong foot position, the relapse prevention and deduction of the result after treatment at a congenital clubfoot. 18 children participated in the research with a con-genital clubfoot: the control group (n=9) and the experimental group (n=9). Children of the basic group were constantly engaged in physical rehabilitation under the developed pro-gram. Children of the control group have been made a massage and a medical gymnastics 2 times a year. All children performed control test (jumping exercises and exercises on the balance) at the beginning of research and training in 12 months (at the end of research). physical rehabilitation program includes: sports walking, running, running exercises; physical exercises for the general physical development of the children; jumps variation; exercises for back muscles and abdominal press strengthening to prevent a bearing infringement; exercises for balance development; active games.

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At the beginning of the experiment results of control tests children control and experimental groups did not differ significantly. At the end of the research children experimental group per-formed significantly better control test than children of control group. Between parameters are statistically significant differences in all the control tests. the goals of the study were to prove the necessity of physical rehabilitation usage in the cor-rection of wrong foot position, the relapse prevention and deduction of the result after treat-ment at a congenital clubfoot. our research has proved a positive influence of physical reha-bilitation on a congenital clubfoot.

23. ASSOCIATE PROfESSOR LIuDMyLA kOMIR – kharkiv university of humanities “People’s ukrainian Academy”, ukraine

Depopulation as Economic Treat

Conception of “economic threat” as a system of factors and conditions which make danger for stable functioning of national state economics is considered. place of demographic factors in considered system is defined. depopulation as one of basic factors of stable state development is examined. grounding of economic safety indicators realization which have demographic ori-entation is given (natural and mechanic increase rate of population, economic load of society rate, etc.). Influence of depopulation on modification of quantitative and qualitative indica-tors of demographic and socioeconomic processes is illustrated (deformation of population structure, employment of people, budget pressure, polarization of the population revenues, unregulated migration processes, etc.). dependence of depopulation rates in post-socialist countries and the row of macroeconomic indicators is examined (factual and potential number of manpower, its qualification characteristics; capacity of market; revenues of the population, etc.). on the basic of official statistical data the following conclusion is made: Ukrainian de-population is natural, long-term and has more marked features of threat in comparison with European countries. Complex of measures directed to decline in the rate of depopulation and removal of socioeconomic threats appearing as a result of its influence is offered (increase of the people’s employment level on the basic of favourable conditions for enterprise develop-ment formation; tax exemptions for families with two and more children; monitoring of labour migration and mobile manpower; educational measures directed to formation of demand for children; etc.)

Key words: demographic processes, depopulation, Indicators of economic security, post-social-ist states, economic threat.

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24. MIháLy DOMBI – university of Debrecen Centre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Studies, hungary

Influential factors of economies’ material requirement

Influential factors of economies’ material requirement Kuti István – Karcagi-Kováts Andrea – Bauerné gáthy Andrea – dombi Mihály

the future of the human civilization as well as the whole biosphere depends on quality of today’s activity of mankind. the requirement of remodeling the production and consumption processes is obvious because Earth’s ecological capacity is exceeded by the resource utilization and the pollution of the current economic system. Furthermore the distribution of goods pro-duced in this unsustainable way is even not adequate. Information about these processes and their ecological impacts is needed by the long-run planning. the Material Flow Analysis (MFA) is able to describe in integrated way the economic and environmental processes. Consideration of different territories and social as well as economic structures is possible. the aim of this study is to analyze the main factors on which the mate-rial requirement so thus indirectly the most of environmental pressure are depending. the scope of the analyze is the European countries and different groups of them. the correlation between these factors (e. g. economic growth, gdp/capita, average income, r + d investments, construction activity, etc) was estimated. the key aspects of development towards sustainability were concluded.

Key words: sustainability, MFA, correlation analysis.

25. SzABOLCS PáSzTOR – College of Nyíregyháza, hungary

Special Rural Development Issues in Central and Eastern Europe

when the EU was founded in 1957, rural development was not high on the agenda. Since than many countries have joined the integration bringing new challenges and significant develop-ment differences with them. rural development is to be approached from a special point of view in Central and Eastern Europe party because the role of agriculture is much higher than in western Europe and party because the former economic policy outlined different growth trajectories. the article unearths the most important issues of rural development in former communist countries.

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26. MAgDOLNA LáCzAy, Ph.D. – university of Debrecen faculty of the Child and Adult Education Department of the Institutional Management and Leadership, hungary

Key issues in the higher education of civil security and property protection

the definition of law enforcement in the context of international comparison is not unequivo-cal. It shows variegation, accordingly it is difficult to emphasize the civil security and property protection’s components. during the confirmation of law enforcement there was an easy to define and still active phenomenon which created the following two types of groups: the clas-sical continental and the British models. In Hungary in these days we aspire to firm the civil law enforcement by our traditions. today, the EU defines common defence policy (3rd pillar) on the grounds of subsidiarity. It also supports various organizational models. different forms of train-ings can be experienced. there are virtual colleges, such as the European Security and defence College and Common Security and defence policy which cover exclusively principles and con-ferences. A modern approach is the one in Krakow, the Education for defence and Security.

In Hungary the definition of law enforcement concerns a specific field of public administra-tion. the aim is to train civil professionals who meet the civil security systems of the member countries with that of the norms of the Union. In regional contribution they are able to make a good use of their knowledge. they also need to be able to promote the nationalization of law enforcement.

Keywords: Higher Education, policing traditions, Civil Security, protection, regional Contribu-tion.

27. MARyNA STEPANOvA – kharkiv university of humanities “People’s ukrainian Academy”, ukraine

Network structure as a way to protect against high uncertainty of environment

the paper outlines key characteristics of the modern environment that determine the behav-iour of economic entities in Ukraine (among them: inefficient law and its constant change, a distrust of the State, “double standards”, an inefficient judicial system, distrust of the agents on the market, etc. ). Examined characteristics allow to characterize the environment of the Ukrainian economic entities as a medium with a high degree of uncertainty.It is asserted that a high degree of uncertainty of the environment leads to a significant in-crease of entities transaction costs. this growth is caused by the entities need for additional action to compensate this uncertainty, to protect themselves from it and to stabilize the agent on the market. It is assumed that among the ways through which actors reduce transaction

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costs, emerged due to the characteristics of the environment, are transfer to the “semi-legal” status (concealment of activities and their results from the state) as well as the establishment of network structures. After determining what are the network structures in Ukraine (relation-ships between members of the network are based on the principle of transactions localization) author studies how the creation and membership in them allow agents to protect against the uncertainty of the environment (formation of their own set of rules and norms of conduct with the network members and with the non-included actors, working out of a system to ensure the performance of agents – members of the network, and trust increase between actors within the network structure, etc.). Keywords: uncertainty of the environment, trust, network struc-ture, transaction costs.

28. PROfESSOR MARIO PLENkOvIC – university of zagreb, President of Croatia Communication Association Department of Communication Studies, faculty of graphic Arts, Croatia

Leadership and the contemporary World of crisis communication

the author hypothetically starts the paper with the systematic information and communica-tion management analysis of “leader” (leadership) as a visionar who has the communication power of prediction and self-control management of crisis tasks at all levels of global, regional, national and local crisis communication.the author is seeing holistic analysis of the ‘leaders’ in the world of crisis communication as (un)real and (in)convenient communication leadership in managing risks and crises that happen to citizens in the process of contemporary dynamic communication in potentially hazardous circumstances in the contemporary world. Modern “leadership” as the phenomenon of management communication includes systematical, ac-tive, competent and cooperative communication with the citizens and the public in everyday life. Emergencies and dangerous situations are based on unpredictable events (japan, osama bin laden, gaddafi, Egypt, tunisia, Syria, yemen, .., earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunami, oil slicks) which, according to theory of media communication in exchange of crisis message with citizens and social entities, are being materialized and communicationally instrumentized. the author observes leadership and management of crisis communications in a prospective menacing and unstable world, as a psychodynamic model of communication persuasion of citizens about the dangers and crises that come suddenly, unannounced, insidious and cata-strophic (Modular model of crisis communication management). leadership communication management in today’s world of crisis communication is becoming an everyday reality and a possible social preoccupation of all citizens, businesses, political, economic, cultural, religious, private, public, (not) government and state institutions at all levels of global, regional, national and local management leadership crisis communication.

Keywords: leadership, management, crisis, communication, crisis communication, modular model.

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29. OkSANA BRATkEvyCh – Lviv university of Business and Law, ukraine

History and perspectives of Ukraine’s integration in the EU there are three pоtential scenariоs fоr the develоpment оf EU – Ukraine relatiоns up until 2020. the status quо scenariо envisiоns Ukraine remaining within the framewоrk оf the Eurоpean neighbоurhооd pоlicy, albeit with privileged relatiоns defined under the new Enhanced Agree-ment. nevertheless, this way, the cоuntry wоuld remain оutside оf the enlargement pоlicy. Accоrding tо the secоnd scenariо Ukraine wоuld be upgraded frоm the neighbоurhооd pоlicy tо the enlargement pоlicy by receiving pоtential candidate status, and eventually оpening accessiоn negоtiatiоns. this scenariо cоuld significantly bооst the cоnsоlidatiоn оf refоrms by оffering the reward оf membership. the third scenariо, a highly unlikely оne, envisiоns Ukraine tо reject the cоurse оf Eurоpean integratiоn as a reactiоn tо the EU’s refusal tо recоgnize the cоuntry’s future candidate status. predictiоns are hard tо make, hоwever, nоne оf the scenariоs suppоse that Ukraine wоuld becоme member оf the EU befоre 2020.

30. BEATA PAwłOwSkA, Ph.D – Powiślańska Szkoła wyższa, Poland

Dynamics of the surroundings and its influence on SMEs

In the paper the author presents fields of strategic choice under processes of globalization and internationalization. It shows opportunities and threats of the globalisation process for SMEs.M. porter underlines that the combination of national and local factors supports competitive superiority. A tendency to internalisation and globalisation grows up simultaneously with in-terest in regions. It can be stated that it is a renaissance of regions and the local activities as a consequence of forming the structural policy, changes in management as well as a solid search of enterprises growth of competitiveness.

31. PROfESSOR yuRII PELEkh – International university of Economics and humanities named after ac. S. Demianchuk, ukraine

The conceptual approach to the determination of diagnosis Methods of Individual Valuable and Semantic Sphere of the First year Students

the main students’ activity is studying, so one of the major factors affecting the development of valuable and semantic sphere in this group is the educational process and its peculiarities, which are the precondition and the background of internalization mechanism. personal dynamics during university studies are also largely determined by the nature and characteristics of ongoing student learning. At the same time the period of adaptation is cha-racterized by forming of the future activity foundations – realization in the profession, and

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understanding of the future: life activity in general, and the simultaneous occurrence of pro-cesses of professional and personal self-determination. leading role in the development of the processes of personal growth plays forming and development of the valuable orientations as the system of internalized personal meanings that reflect the level of its functioning.In the current social and economic conditions the majority of students entering the higher educational establishment (taking into account their positive social values) don’t properly un-derstand their future profession, studying outcomes, requirements of the future professional activity. during studying (when appropriate adaptation) the meaning of the social status and sense of the chosen profession is changed significantly due to the various factors. Sense of future professional activity (often chosen for the reasons of prestige) may change from positive to negative polarity. thus, length of study at the university, the only kind of activity (knowled-ge), the common features of activity (education), the general goal of training (higher educa-tion), age and psychological homogeneity cause of the social aspects of identity. “I – concept” in this life situation in most cases is defined by young people as belonging to a particular social group – “students”. It means that the start and the end of adaptation to training is for the per-son the periods of transition from one life situation to another: breaking of the old stereotypes, adaptation to the new social conditions and new social and cultural environment, change of the economic, social and demographic status. that’s why we suggest analyzing this period by the results of the valuable and semantic sphere of the first year students diagnosis.diagnosis of the individual peculiarities of the valuable orientations and personality’s signifi-cant sphere is based on the theoretical and methodological approaches of the different are-as of psychology. we divided the existing methods for studying of the valuable and semantic sphere of personality into such main blocks (A.Sieryy, M.yanitskiy, 1999, yu.pelekh, 2010): 1. Methods of diagnosis of the leading and dominant valuable orientation, personal and moti-

vational tendency (Allport-vernon-lindsay tests, Edwards’ tests etc.) 2. Methods that are aimed to study the integral system or hierarchy of personality’s valuable

orientations (rokich, Fantalova, Schwartz, Senin, Inhlhart, Shleder tests); 3. Complex of techniques that are used for a cross-cultural study of individual values (K. Klah-

kon, F. Klahkon, F.Strodtbek, g. Hovsted, S. Morris, l. Kosova, l.gordon, trompenaars, o. Shmelev, v. Babina, M. Kotyk).

4. projective methods of personality’s valuable and semantic sphere studying (Kantril, and Allport-Hilespi methods, axiobiographical method of vardomatskiy);

5. Methods of the processes and level of personal development studying (SAt, USK); 6. Methods of life goals, life awareness and life orientations studying (pIl, Slo, MpS); 7. Methods of studying of the personal constructs system (tpp).

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