Shop Safety Study Guide

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Section 1: General Shop Safety

1. Moving about in the shopa. Always walk in the shopb. Never walk behind a student who is using one of the stationary machines

i. A board could kick back and get YOUc. Give the stationary machines some space. d. Only go out into the shop with teachers permissione. Carry tools with the sharp ends pointed downf. Act mature and responsible when in the shop – No goofing offg. Use your inside voice – No yelling across the shop except for emergenciesh. Stay with the machines or tools until they stop runningi. Do not leave your assigned area to go socialize with someone across the shop

2. Apparel in the shopa. ALWAYS ALWAYS ALWAYS wear safety glassesb. Remove long necklaces, rings, bangle braceletsc. Roll up yourselvesd. Have closed toe shoese. Wear long pants when welding

3. Some shop proceduresa. Store paints and other flammables in the flammable cabinetb. Make sure these flammable containers close correctlyc. Check the area for flammable materials before lighting a torch or weldingd. Never use gasoline for cleaninge. Do not throw gas or oil soaked rags in the general trashf. Do not mix chemicals, oils, or pesticides for fung. Check over electrical cords for worn spots before useh. Always turn off the electricity and disconnect before servicing equipmenti. Report all injuries and broken tools to the teacherj. Work with sharp toolsk. Ventilate the shop when painting or stainingl. Never cut towards yourselfm. Turn on the dust collection system when using stationary machinesn. Always clean up after yourself return materials and tools to where they belong

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4. Fire Safetya. Three main types of fires

i. A Ordinary Combustibles – Wood, paper, trashii. B Flammable Liquids – Fuel, grease, paint

iii. C Electrical – Involves the presence of electricityb. Match the fire extinguisher with the type of firec. NEVER EVER use water on an electrical or grease fire

i. Water could be used on a wood or paper fired. Know where the different firefighting tools are located in the shope. If the fire alarm sounds, walk out of the shop following the correct route

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Section 2 – Portable Power Drills / Cordless Drills

1. Select the appropriate, sharp bit for the job2. If a keyed chuck, make sure to tighten the chuck, then remove the key before use3. Mark the material where the hole is to be made

a. Use a pencil mark on lumber or center punch metal4. Secure the material with a vise or clamp to prevent it from moving5. After drilling the hole, allow the drill to stop before setting it on the work bench6. Do not drill into a container that may have once held flammables (this could start a fire)7. Do not try to stop a piece of material that may be caught on the drill bit. Stop drilling, then

remove the material

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Parts of a Cordless Drill

Section 3 – Portable Circular Saw

1. Set up the lumber so that long portion of the board is supporteda. Either clamped to a bench or supported by two saw horsesb. Never cut between saw horses, this will cause the lumber to pinch and bind the blade

2. Before plugging in the saw, check the blade and base for the correct settings3. Mark the straight line on the lumber to be cut4. Always move the circular saw by the handles, never grab it by the cord or knobs5. Start the saw, then work into the lumber6. Keep the base of the saw flat on the lumber this ensures a proper and straight cut7. Wait for the saw to stop before it is set down onto the work bench8. Be aware of the location of hands and legs when cutting9. To make angled cuts, unplug the saw, tilt and lock the base table

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Parts of a Circular Saw

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Section 4 – Portable Finishing Sander / Hand Sander

1. Check to make sure the sander is off before plugging in the sander2. Hold the sander up off the bench while plugging it in3. When changing sand paper, preferably disconnect the power source or turn off the sander4. Clamp the work in a vise, or if large enough, hold lumber with one hand and sander in the other5. Hold the sander up off of the work piece while turning on the sander6. Apply light to medium pressure when using the sander don’t press down to make it cut faster7. Remove the sander from the lumber before shutting it off8. Do not set the sander on the edge of a work bench9. Try to avoid blocking walkways with the power cord10. Empty the sawdust collection bag frequently to improve operation

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Parts of a Hand Sander

Section 5 – Portable Router

1. Select the appropriate bit for the cut desired2. Secure the work in a vise or with a clamp3. Lock the bit into the chuck Never assume it is secured4. Make sure the switch is off before plugging into the outlet5. Make a practice cut on a scrap piece of lumber to check depth and design selection6. Always hold the router with both hands7. Turn on the router and allow it to reach full speed, then move the bit into the lumber

a. Do not start the router against the wood8. Finish the cut and move the router away from the stock before turning it off9. Allow the router to completely stop before setting it down

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Power Cord

Motor Disconnect

D-Handle

Trigger

Locking Handle

BaseChuck

Guide Knob Depth Adjustment

Parts of a Portable Router

Section 6 – Portable Jig Saw

1. Before plugging in the saw, check that the blade is straight and unbroken2. Secure the wood with a clamp to the bench or in a vise3. Cut along the waste side of the line4. Make sure there is enough space under the work piece for the blade to pass5. Support the cut-off section of the piece so the blade is not pinched 6. Check that the switch is off before plugging in the saw7. Start the saw away from the lumber8. Do not attempt to cut super tight curves9. Do not attempt to “back up” in a cut while the saw is running10. Once the blade has stopped moving, then the saw can be set down11. Unplug the saw before changing blades, tilting the base, etc

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Parts of a Portable Jig Saw

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Base

Section 7 – Portable Belt Sander

1. Before plugging in the sander, check the condition of the belt and trackinga. Make adjustments / Belt changes with the sander unplugged

2. When replacing a belt, make sure the arrows on the belt go in the direction of rotation3. Do not let the belt run to one side of the pulleys4. If a smaller piece of work, secure with clamp or vise5. Make sure the switch is in the off position before plugging the sander in6. Hold the sander up off the table when plugging it in7. Use two hands to operate the belt sander8. Start the sander off of the lumber, then lower the rear to the piece and then level out9. Use light and even pressure across the work piece following the direction of the grain10. Do not concentrate on one specific area11. Lift the sander up off the work piece before turning it off12. Make sure the sander has stopped before setting it on the work bench

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Parts of a Portable Belt Sander

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Section 8 – Power Miter Box / Chop Saw

1. Before using the saw, make sure the guards are in place and working properly2. Check the angle selection and make sure that it is securely locked3. Dry cut to ensure that the angle is correct4. Hold the long portion of the stock without criss-crossing arms5. Make sure to keep fingers back away from the blade6. Support long pieces of stock so that they are level with the saw table7. Allow the motor to reach full speed before making a cut8. Do not start the saw when the blade is touching the lumber9. Allow the blade to pass through and back up before letting go of the switch10. Once the blade has stopped, remove scraps and wood chips from the table11. If the blade needs to be changed, unplug the saw from the power source

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Parts of a Power Miter Box

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Section 9 – Table Saw

1. Before starting the saw, check the blade for broken teeth and set the blade height so the valley of the top teeth is at the top of the board

2. Set the guard over the blade at the correct height3. Lock the fence at the correct distance from the blade. Don’t rely on the table scale. Use a tape

measure to check at the front and back of the blade.4. Ensure the board is free of nails, screws, loose knots before ripping5. Have a classmate standing to the side to help catch lumber coming off the table6. Before using the saw, check for students behind the saw 7. Stand to the side of the blade when making a cut8. Do not hold a board against the blade when starting the machine9. Use a push stick when ripping lumber no fingers close to the blade!!!10. Turn off the saw and wait for the blade to stop spinning before leaving11. Only remove scraps when the blade is stopped

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Parts of a Table Saw

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Section 10 – Jointer

1. With power off, adjust the infeed table so that no more than 1/16 of an inch is taken off 2. Set the fence to the desired angle3. If board is extremely long and hard to manage, have assistants to support lumber4. Stand on the infeed side of the blades5. Turn on the machine and allow it to reach full speed before starting to pass lumber through6. NEVER run hands over the blade area7. NEVER joint boards less than 12 inches in length8. Make multiple passes along each edge, don’t try to take a lot off with each pass9. Pass lumber from infeed to outfeed table10. Turn machine off and wait for it to completely stop before leaving the area

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Parts of a Jointer

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Section 11 – Drill Press

1. Secure stock in a vise or with clamp and the long portion of the stock to the left of the operator2. Select the correct bit for the job3. Use the key to tighten the chuck, then remove the key4. Mark the spot on the stock to be drilled5. “Dry Drill” to check placement before starting the drill press6. Start the drill press and work through the material with steady, even speed7. Use oil to lubricate the bit when drilling through thick metal8. Wait until the bit has stopped spinning before leaving the machine9. Do not drill into a container that may have held gas or flammable liquids10. Do not worry about sweeping away chips and shavings while the drill press is running11. Do not try to stop a piece of stock that is caught on the bit with your hands

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Parts of a Drill Press

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Section 12 – Radial Arm Saw

1. Before starting the saw, check guards, locks and other adjustments2. Change the angle of the cut prior to starting the saw3. Inspect the blade for cracks or missing teeth4. Hold the long piece of stock in one hand and the yolk handle with the other - no crisscross arms5. While holding the handle, start the saw and allow it to come to full speed

a. Make sure to start the saw at the back of the track away from the lumberb. The radial arm saw can feed itself through lumber!

6. Pull the blade forward, allowing it to cut at its own speed7. Return the saw blade to the back of the track, passing through the initial cut

a. NEVER make a cut on the return pass8. Turn off the saw blade and make sure it comes to a complete stop before leaving the area

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Parts of a Radial Arm Saw

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Section 13 – Planer

1. Inspect the board for nails, screws or loose knots2. Accurately measure the thickest part of the board and set the table appropriately3. Only take off 1/16 of an inch with each pass4. Make multiple passes to achieve the desired thickness5. Do not be a strong man and shove boards through the planer6. Have a classmate standing off to the side on the out end to support boards coming out7. Stand to the side of the board with the power switch when feeding it into the planer8. Start the planer with nothing inside it9. The feed rolls should take the board into the planer10. If a board becomes stuck, shut off the planer11. When finished, turn off the planer and wait for everything to stop12. Remove chips and scraps when the planer is off13. Disconnect the power before greasing or oiling the planer

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Parts of a Planer

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Section 14 – Grinder

1. Before starting the grinder make a few inspections / adjustmentsa. Check the wheel for cracksb. Set the tool rest perpendicular to the wheelc. Adjust the safety shield (that is clear) to block sparks, not visiond. Set the tool rest 1/8 of an inch or less from the wheele. Make sure the wheel is greater than ½ the diameter size (not worn down a lot)

2. Do not wear gloves while using the grinder3. Use vise-grips to hold smaller pieces of metal4. Do not stand in direct line with the grinding wheel5. Start grinder and allow it to reach full speed6. Rest the work piece on the tool rest and evenly press into the grinding wheel7. Do not force material into the grinding wheel8. Only grind metal using the outside edge of the grinding wheel Not the sides of the wheel9. Turn off the grinder and stay with the machine until it comes to a complete stop10. If the grinding wheel vibrates or shakes, stop the machine and tell the teacher

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Parts of a Grinder

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