order: pristiophoriformes family: pristiophoridae (sawsharks) etymology: greek, pristis= saw
TRANSCRIPT
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Order: PristiophoriformesFamily: Pristiophoridae
(Sawsharks)
Etymology: Greek, pristis= “saw”
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Taxonomy
• Pliotrema– P. warreni (Sixgill
sawshark)
• Pristiophorus– P. Cirratus (Longnose shark)
– P. japonicus (Japanese sawshark)
– P. nudipinnis (Shortnose sawshark)
– P. schroderi (Bahamas sawshark)
– 4 undescribed species
2 genera, 5 species
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General Characteristics
• 5-6 gill slits• Large spiracles
behind eyes
• 2 large dorsal fins (no spines)
• Somewhat long dorsal lobe on caudal fin (no ventral lobe)
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General Characteristics• Small sharks, <2 m• Benthic/
benthopelagic, up to & > 366 m
• Sawlike snout=rostrum
• Rostral barbels on ventral side of snout
• Teeth replaced (unlike sawfish) when lost, alternate sizes
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Sawfish• Superorder: Batoidea• Order: Pristiformes• Family: Pristidae
– Much larger maximum size– No barbels– Evenly sized teeth– Gill slits on undersurface
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Diagnostic Featuresususa;;y distinguished by teeth count
• Pliotrema warreni- Sixgill sawshark– 6 pairs of gill openings– Found in W. Indian Ocean (SE coast of S. Africa)
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• Pristiophorus cirratus- Longnose sawshark– 9-10 teeth in front of barbels, 9 behind– 1st dorsal origin behind rear tips of pectorals– Found in W. Pacific (Australia, Philippines?)
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• Pristiophorus japonicus- Japanese sawshark– 15-26 teeth in front of barbels, 9-17+ behind– 1st dorsal origin behind rear tip of pectorals– Found in W. Pacific
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• Pristiophorus nudipinnis- Shortnose sawshark– 13 teeth in front of barbels, 6 behind– 1st dorsal opposite free rear tips of
pectorals– Found in S. Pacific (southern shelf of
Australia)
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• Pristiophorus schroederi- Bahamas sawshark– 13-14 teeth in front of barbels, 9-10
behind– 1st dorsal opposite free rear tips of
pectorals– Found in W. Atlantic (region btwn. Cuba,
FL, and Bahamas)
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Reproduction/Life Span
• Ovoviviparous- 7-17 pups (average of 10)• Gestation ~ 12 months• Reach maturity ~ 2 years• Parents provide food and protection
during post-birth (duration unknown, 1.5 years?)
• Breed seasonally, every two years• Have been known to live up to 15 years
in wild
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Habitat/Food Habits
• 640-950 m in and around cont’l & insular shelves & upper slopes
• Feed on , shrimp, squids, & crustaceans
• Cruise along bottom using barbels & ampullae of Lorenzini on saw to detect prey in mud or sand
• Attack prey w/ side to side swipes of the saw
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Commercial Value/Predators
• Longnose sawshark and Shortnose sawshark caught commercially off Australia
• Japanese sawfish highly valued for making “kamaboko”- tradional Japanese fishcake
• Humans are main predator (trawl fishing), also larger sharks
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Bibliography• Carrier, J.C., et. al. 2004. Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives. CRC
Press, Boca Raton, FL. p. 55• Castro, J.I. 1983. The sharks of North American waters. Texas A&M
University Press, College Station, TX. pp.35-36.• Compagno, L.J. 1984. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the
World. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1- Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1): 1-249.
• Krcmaric, D. and K. Francl. 2006. "Pristiophorus cirratus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed September 16, 2007 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Pristiophorus_cirratus.html.
• Martin, R. Aidan. 2003. Copyright and Usage Policy. World Wide Web Publication,
• Retrieved September 16th, 2007 from: http://www.elasmo-research.org/education/shark_profiles/pristiophoriformes.htm.
• Slaughter, B. & Springer, S. 1968. Replacement of Rostral Teeth in Sawfishes and
• Sawsharks. Copeia Vol 1968 (#3- 8/3)1. pp: 499-506.