oral cancer.ppt

8/11/2019 ORAL CANCER.ppt

1/31

ORAL CANCER


2/31

TUMOR BENIGN(NEOPLASM)

MALIGNANTEPI-CARCINOMAC.T-SARCOMA


3/31

CARCINOMA-malignant neoplasm of

epithelial origin- uncontrolled proliferation of cells

-non encapsulated

Metastasis90% of oral cancers are squamous cell

carcinomas

DEF-a malignant epithelal neoplasnexhibiting squamous differentiation andcharacterised by formation of keratin


4/31

ETIOLOGY


5/31


6/31

CLINICAL FEATURESsymptoms

a sore in the mouth that does not heal (most commonsymptom)

a lump or thickening in the cheek

a white or red patch chewing or swallowing

difficulty moving the jaw or tongue

numbness of the tongue or other area of the mouth

Foul odour

Bleeding .loose tooth

loosening of the teeth or pain around the teeth or jaw

lump or mass in the neck


7/31


8/31

CLINICAL PRESENTATIONExophytic mass-forming; fungating, papillary,verruciformEndophytic (invasive, burrowing, ulcerated)

depressed, irregularly shaped ulcer with "rolled" border

Leukoplakic (white patch)Erythroplakic (red patch)Erythroleukoplakic (combined red-and-white


9/31

EARLY CARCINOMA


10/31

stony hard, non tender, and enlarged

the malignant cells have perforated thecapsule of the node and invaded intosurrounding tissues, the node will feel

"fixed," or not easily movable.


11/31

radiograph

Radiolucency with irregular ragged margins

Floating teeth

Moth eaten appearancePathological fracture


12/31


13/31


14/31

STAGE TNM CLASSIFICATION

Stage I - T1 NO MO

Stage II - T2 NO MO

Stage III - T3 NO MO, orT1, T2, or T3, N1 MO

Stage IV - Any T4 lesion, or

Any N2 or N3 lesion, orAny Ml lesion


15/31

Investigations

Toulidine blue

BIOPSY-brush. punch, insicional

FNAC

Radiographs ,CT , MRI

Bone scan


16/31

INVESTIGATIONS


17/31


18/31

Toulidine Blue


19/31

DYSPLASTIC FEATURES


20/31

Histopath


21/31

HISTOPATHOLOGY


22/31

Broaders grading

Used to stage cancer histologically

Degree of differentiation of tumor cells is

found1.Well diffferentiated

2.Moderately

3.poorly


23/31

Radiotherapy

Treatment using ionizing radiation

MOA-Radiation kills the cells by

interaction with water molecules in the cellproducing charged molecules. This disruptsthe biochemical process in the cell and

damages the DNA causing cell death


24/31

2 TYPES

1.TELETHERAPY-

A MACHINE IS USED TODIRECT BEAMS OF

RADIATION AT THETUMOR FROM OUTSIDEPATIENT.


25/31

Electromagnetic radiation

high energy X rays or gamma rays

1MeV to 25MeV(super voltage radiation)Source is from telecobalt machine or linear

accelerator


26/31

50 to 60 grays

Fractionisedthat is total dose is broken

down2 gray per day for 5 weeks


27/31

2.BRACHYTHERAPY-

THE RN SOURCEIS PLACED CLOSE

OR WITHINTUMOR-radio activeisotope

Interstitial implantsSurface moulds


28/31


29/31

Side effects

Radiation mucositis

Osteoradionecrosis

XerostomiaRadiation caries

Candidiasis

Fibrosis

S


30/31

Surgery-resection, radical neck dissection

ssssss


31/31

CHEMOTHERPAY

METHOTREXATE

CISPLASTIN

VINCRISTINE

Anemia

Ulceration

Alopecia

oral cancer.ppt

Documents