Open Access: Where Are We Now?

Science Communication Institute, Seatlle, WA, 15 November

2013

Michael Boock, Center for Digital Scholarship, Oregon State University

What is Open Access? Green vs. Gold OA Prevalence Gold OA examples, funding models,

new services Green OA examples and policies Mandates

GratisOpen Access

Free Full Text Online Access Immediate Permanent

Libre Open Access

Reuse Creative Commons licenses

The Green box is 7 Billion potential readers on the planet

Yellow box is 15 million knowledge workers

Red Box is 350 subscribing institutions x 500 faculty = 175,000 people

The potential audience for an Open Access

Article…

Used by permission, Peter Binfield

Alma Swan. 2010. The Open Access Citation Advantage: Studies and Results to Date. Research on Institutional Repositories.http://works.bepress.com/ir_research/31/

Gold Open Access

Immediate access Via an Open Access journal Over 10,000 PLoS BioMedCentral Hindawi

Gold OA Funding Models

Funding Models:1. Publishing fees2. No publishing fees3. Hybrid

Publishing Fees

AKA Author Pays 1/3 of OA journals, but most articles Article Processing Charge: $300-$3000/article Paid by funding agencies as part of grants Increasingly paid by universities• Study of Open Access Publishing, http://project-soap.eu/highlights-and-

data-of-the-soap-survey-now-available/• SPARC Campus Open Access Funds, http://project-soap.eu/highlights-

and-data-of-the-soap-survey-now-available/

No Publishing Fees

2/3s of OA journals Supported by universities/libraries Scholarly societies

Hybrid Model

AKA Author Sponsored OA Commercial journals that offer authors OA for

individual article Double-dipping

Other Funding Models

Membership model PeerJ Membership entitles author to publish Must provide additional assistance (peer

review, approval)

Open Access Publishing Costs

Less than commercial publishing No legacy operations No printing No sales force Less marketing Not profit-driven

New Developments

Open Peer Review Open Annotation Article focus Alt Metrics “Wild west of OA publishing”

Green Open Access

Article available in an open access repository Often with other literature/research Articles also published in journals

Open Access Repositories

250 subject-based OA repositories More than 2300 institutional OA policies Green OA predominantly 63% of toll journals allow deposit to

repositories

Institutional OA Policies

Funder Policies

NIH RCUK White House Office of Science and Technology

Policy State of California Research funded by taxpayer, should be

available to taxpayer

RCUK, http://www.rcuk.ac.uk/research/Pages/outputs.aspx

Peter Suber, http://poynder.blogspot.co.uk/2013/07/peter-suber-on-state-of-open-access.html]

Fund ₤3 billion in all disciplines Finch report favored gold OA RCUK Policy

Gold or Green Block grants available to fund APCs

Research Councils United Kingdom (RCUK)

White House Office of Science and Technology

Policy Directive America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 Overwhelming positive public feedback Articles and research data resulting from funding

from federal agencies with more than $100 million in annual research and development expenditures to be open access

No implementation strategy adopted yet Unfunded mandate

Growth of Open Access

25% of all peer-reviewed research is OA Green and Gold

Growth of Gold OA

Future

Commercial publishers adapting Continued growth of green OA Repository deposit becomes part of publishing

workflow Universities cancel subscriptions More funds available for APCs

Thank You!

Michael Boock, Associate Professor/Head of the Center for Digital ScholarshipOregon State University Libraries & Press