Journal, Institutional Repository, and Beyond

Open Access

Leslie ChanCentre for Critical Development StudiesDepartment of Arts, Culture and Media

Scholarly Communication RetreatSt. Michael’s UniversityUniversity of TorontoOct. 6, 2015

What I am going to talk about…

• My understanding of Open Access (OA)• Impetus for OA• Changing landscape of scholarly

communication• Options available to you• Examples• Your questions

350 year of publication

Figure 1. Unequal contribution and participation in science.

Chan L, Kirsop B, Arunachalam S (2011) Towards Open and Equitable Access to Research and Knowledge for Development. PLoS Med 8(3): e1001016. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001016http://127.0.0.1:8081/plosmedicine/article?id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001016

http://www.bioline.org.br

http://www.bioline.org.br

Centre

OPEN ACCESS ?

Could Open Access change the current power structure of global scientific production and dissemination?

Periphery

Periphery

open access creates the potential for new spaces for collaboration and co-creation of knowledge

Fig 4. Percentage of papers published by the five major publishers, by discipline of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1973–2013.

Larivière V, Haustein S, Mongeon P (2015) The Oligopoly of Academic Publishers in the Digital Era. PLoS ONE 10(6): e0127502. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127502http://127.0.0.1:8081/plosone/article?id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0127502

“An old tradition and a new technology have converged to make possible an unprecedented public good.” Budapest Open Access Initiative, 2002

http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read

Open-access (OA) literature is digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions.

OA is possible because scholarly communication is a form of peer production in the gift economy.

OA is compatible with traditional peer review, but it also opens possibilities for other forms of quality control, evaluation, and assessment.

OA expands the boundaries of research, our peer networks, and promotes closer linkage between teaching, learning, and research.

https://theconversation.com/homo-naledi-fossil-discovery-a-triumph-for-open-access-and-education-47726

Above all, OA provides expanded opportunities for scholarly participation that are inclusive, collaborative, and innovative.

But…

And obsession with prestige and ranking

• Journal pages with IF

http://www.journals.elsevier.com/world-development/

http://arxiv.org/abs/1301.3748

http://arxiv.org/abs/1205.4328

The IF are more eff

http://iai.asm.org/content/early/2011/08/08/IAI.05661-11.full.pdf+html?view=long&pmid=21825063

Impetus for OA

• Bottom up - Scholars and Librarians driven– Taking back control of knowledge production

• Top down - Policy and Grant Makers driven– Funding research for public good

• Middle – Linking the top down and bottom up approaches

http://www.science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=F6765465-1

Minister Holder Announces New Open Access Policy for ResearchCanadians will have free online access to research funded by NSERC, SSHRC and CIHRFebruary 27, 2015– Toronto

Making research results as widely available and accessible as possible is an essential part of advancing knowledge and maximizing the impact of publicly-funded research for Canadians. Increased access to the results of publicly-funded research can spur scientific discovery, enable better international collaboration and coordination of research, enhance the engagement of society and support the economy.

OA is not cost free, and there are different mechanisms and strategies for achieving OA.

It is now common to speak of two forms of OA. – Green OA, or author self-archiving– Gold OA, or publishing in native OA journals

https://doaj.org/

http://figshare.com/articles/Average_APC_price_2014/1311650

The PeerJ Model – Pay Once, Publish For Life

Undergraduates publish for free

http://maps.repository66.org/

http://arxiv.org/

https://innoscholcomm.silk.co/ & http://bit.ly/innoscholcomm-list

https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/

http://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1001016

http://episciences.org/

Informalfeedback / Q&A

Evaluation /ALMs

Formal optional openpeer-review

Contributionpoints / profilepages

No author fee

http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/ http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/ku-in-60-seconds/

Jeroen Bosman & Bianca KramerUtrecht University Library https://innoscholcomm.silk.co/

101 Innovations in Scholarly Communication

Traditional workflow

https://innoscholcomm.silk.co/page/Traditional

Open Science workflow

https://innoscholcomm.silk.co/page/Open-Science

“what is legitimate knowledge and how to structure our institutions around questions of its generation, conservation, transmission and value-addition – including reinterpretation”

https://www.insidehighered.com/blogs/globalhighered/innovative-and-engaging-communications

Gisèle Yasmeen, Innovative and Engaging Communications