open access in the world of scholarly journals: creation & discovery
TRANSCRIPT
OPEN ACCESS IN THE WORLD OF SCHOLARLY JOURNALS
CREATION AND DISCOVERY
SANDRA COWAN, UNIVERSITY OF LETHBRIDGE
CHRIS BULOCK, CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY NORTHRIDGE
NASIG ~ JUNE 11, 2016 ~ ALBUQUERQUE, NM
OPEN ACCESS IN THE WORLD OF SCHOLARLY JOURNALS: CREATION
“Open Access Publishing can be defined as publishing when the articles are free to all interested readers, and the publishers place no financial or copyright barriers between the readers and the article.” - oaacademy.org
Sandra Cowan, University of Lethbridge
Inspired by Katie Fortney, UC Santa Cruz guides.library.ucsc.edu/openaccess
OA JOURNALS “GOLD” OA
Hybrid Journals (Subscription fees
+ APC for “OA” option)
Truly OA Journals
(Usually APC, but no subscription
fees)
OPEN ACCESS (OA) SCHOLARLY
PUBLISHING
OA REPOSITORIES “GREEN” OA
Disciplinary Repositories
(e.g. arXiv, PubMed Central)
Institutional Repositories (e.g. LoboVault, cIRcle
UBC, TSpace)
Commercial Scholarly Publishing Model
Researchers research + write
article
Researchers at publicly funded universities + federal research grants
Commercial publishes article
Authors and reviewers unpaid; free content & labour
Commercial publishers’ hybrid
“Open Access” option
Author Processing Charge (APC) of $600 to $4,0000/article
Academic library pays annual subscription
Publicly funded + student tuition Single e-journal subscription $200-$12,000
journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0127502
• > 50% of scholarly articles published by 5 big commercial publishers: • Reed-Elsevier • Wiley-Blackwell • Springer • Taylor & Francis • Sage
• Up to 71% in Social Sciences
What do these have in common?
Social Science Research Network
www.cbc.ca/news/technology/academic-publishers-reap-huge-profits-as-libraries-go-broke-1.3111535
www.cbc.ca/news/business/markets-loonie-oil-1.3399971
www.ucalgary.ca/utoday/issue/2015-12-21/academic-libraries-face-crisis-due-weak-canadian-dollar
University of Lethbridge Library 2013-2016
Budget allocation decreased by 7% Databases/e-journals increased by 28% Monographs purchase decreased by 43% = Budget shortfall
roarmap.eprints.org/
CANADA
http://www.science.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=F6765465-1
www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/canadian-journal-breaks-new-ground-in-open-access-science/article29599772/
OA Successes:
@ University of Lethbridge Library
• OA discovery & access: DOAJ, OpenDOAR, OA resources & tools
• Licensing and copyright consultation • Partner with Office of Research & Innovation
Services
www.uleth.ca/dspace/
IR @ University of Lethbridge Library
http://www.uleth.ca/research/centre-study-scholarly-communications
Research, programming, & education @ University of Lethbridge Library
www.journalincubator.org/the-lethbridge-journal-incubator-leveraging-the-educational-potential-of-the-scholarly-communication-process
Publishing @ University of Lethbridge Library
www.openlibhums.org/
• Objection to Author Processing Charges • Association with predatory journals • Perceived lack of peer-review • Prestige economy • Reward system for tenure, promotion & grants • Institutional authority rarely in the library
Obstacles to OA
• As interdisciplinary heart of academy, advocate for changes in policy and culture
• Support true OA publishing with APC funding • Demonstrate benefits of OA
• increased research impact • Increased citation rates • maintain intellectual property rights • public good
• Invest in repositories & other OA tools • Lead by example
@ Academic Libraries
Hybrid Journals
Serials Review
Why Hybrid Journals?
Mandates
Access
Inertia
Tenure
OA at Global Scale
Publisher Perspective
ALL JOURNALS
Number of Articles Published January 2014
Downloads Jan 2014 to Dec 2015
Average Downloads per Article
Non-OA Articles
12,271 2,864,158 233
OA Articles 494 319,126 646
Total 12,765 3,183,284
Analysis by Astrid Pfenning, Springer Nature Market Research
Publisher Perspective
Analysis by Astrid Pfenning, Springer Nature Market Research
SELECTED SUBJECT COLLECTIONS Average Downloads Non-OA Articles Average Downloads OA Articles Ratio
Physics and Astronomy 109 433 4.0
Chemistry and Materials Science 206 659 3.2
Earth and Environmental Science 201 628 3.1
Biomedical and Life Sciences 266 781 2.9
Engineering 194 556 2.9
Mathematics and Statistics 124 303 2.4
Medicine 279 565 2.0
All Subject Collections 233 646 2.8
Hybrid OA in Library Collections
Discovery System
Link Resolver
Publisher Site
NISO Access and License Indicators
What to do?
1. Talk to your discovery vendor
2. Talk to your content providers
3. Talk to your IR manager
4. Put a search in your resolver menu
5. Get your holdings on the web
6. Come to ALCTS CRS College &
Research Libraries IG @ ALA
Image Credits
1. Griffin - exseada CC BY-ND 3.0 http://exseada.deviantart.com/art/Griffin-359934034
2. Serials Review screenshot by author
3. Scales of Justic - montgomster CC0 https://pixabay.com/en/scales-of-justice-weigh-in-antique-
982903/
4. Globe - CC0 https://pixabay.com/en/globe-world-map-earth-32299/
5. Tables of Springer OA usage courtesy Astrid Pfenning, Springer Nature Market Research
6. Card Catalog - tedeytan CC BY-SA 2.0
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2011_Library_of_Congress_USA_5466788868_card_catal
og.jpg
7. Discovery System, Link Resolver, Publisher Site screenshots by author
8. Lock - ClkerFreeVectorImages CC0 https://pixabay.com/en/padlock-unlocked-lock-safety-24305/