ontologies reasoning components agents simulations agent modeling language: an overview wendell...

OntologiesReasoningComponentsAgentsSimulations

Agent Modeling Language:Agent Modeling Language:An OverviewAn Overview

Wendell VérasVinícius RemígioJacques Robin

OutlineOutline

1. Requirements of a MAS modeling language (chapter 3)2. Package structure and link with UML2 and OCL2

Relation to UML2 metamodel (section 4.5) AML metamodel package structure (chapter 9) AML extension of UML notation (chapter 8) AML extension of UML metamodel (chapter 15) AML diagrams (chapter 16) AML extension of OCL metamodel (chapter 17)

3. MAS, entities and semi-entities (sections 5.1-2)4. Modeling mechanisms (chapter 6)

Class vs. instance Abstract vs. concrete entity types Autonomy

5. Structural aspects (sections 5.3, 6.1-2)6. Social aspects (section 5.4, 6.3, 6.6)7. Deployments (section 5.5, 6.4)8. Behaviors (section 5.6, 6.5)9. Mental aspects (section 5.7, 6.7)10.Ontologies (section 5.8, 6.8)Sugestão: Wendell 5-10, Vinícius 1-4

Requirements of a MAS modelling Requirements of a MAS modelling languagelanguage

Theorically sound: best practices from AOSE and OOSE domains

Well specified and documented: Detailed and comprehenseive specification of its syntax, semantics and use

Comprehensive Enables to create complex models of systems

Consistent Conceptual, semantic and syntatic perspectives

Easy to use Modelling constructs are easy to learn and apply

Extensible Allows to specialize and extend the provided modelling means

Generic Independent of any particular thory, process or technology

Automatable CASE tools support

Requirements of a MAS modelling Requirements of a MAS modelling languagelanguage

Challenges Satisfy all those quality criteria None of the existing agent-oriented modelling languages are able

to satisfy them Quality criteria specified are generics

Used as general rules for designing any software modeling/ specification language

Evaluation criteria to other modeling/specification language

AML ArchitectureAML Architecture

Based on UML 2.0 Superstructure!!! KobrA2 Metamodel and Profile are also based on UML2

superstructure An integration can be easily provided

Advantages of AML Reuse well-defined Mechanisms for specifying and extending UML-based languages

(metamodel and UML profiles) Ease of incorporation into existing UML—based CASE tools

AML ArchitectureAML Architecture

UML level UML2 Superstructure defines

abstract syntax, semantics Used to define MAS-specific

modeling constructs AML metamodel and notation

Defines AML syntax, semantics and notation

AML Kernel Core of AML Specific modeling elements

are defined UML extension for AML

Adds meta-properties and structural constraints to the standard UML elements

AML Profile Define own language

extensions to customize AML for specific modeling elements

AML metamodel package structureAML metamodel package structure

AML Entities and Semi-entities

Multi-agent System Composed by several agents Mutual interactions AML MAS consists in Agents and other entity types (environments and resources


Entities Entity types interconnected such as named agents, environments and resources Represented by concrete classes in MAS conceptual metamodel Categorized according their specific characteristics into several categories expressed by

abstract classes used as superclasses Semi-Entities

Abstract metamodelling concepts Defines features specific to a particular entity, however does not represent an entity Entities inherit features from semi-entities


AML conceptual metamodel of MAS defines: Structural semi-entity

Capability of entity to have attributes To be decomposed and to be linked into other structural semi-entities

Socialized semi-entity Represents the capability of an entity to form societies and social relationships

Behaviored semi-entity Ability to own capabilities Interact with other behaviored semi-entities Provide and use services Observe and effect their environment To be decomposed into behavior fragments

Mental semi-entity Capability to possess mental attitudes

Objectives, needs, motivations, desires, believes

AML Entities and Semi-entities Entity

Represent independent object Can be hosted by agent execution environments

Behavioral entity Represents entities having features of behaviored semi-entities and socialized semi-entities

Autonomous entity Self-contained entities capable of autonomous behavior in their environment

Resource Physical or an informational entity within the system Available and usable

Agent Specialized autonomous entity Autonomy: control over its own state aand behavior

Proactive, reactive Ability to interact: interact with its environment

Perceptions, effecting actions Environment

Collection of entities which provides conditions to exist and function Aspects of world Principles (laws, rules, constraints, policies, services...) Their properties can change over time

Extentions to Standard UML Extentions to Standard UML NotationsNotations

Presentation options for some UML elements Provides more intuitive and comprehensive notation


Stereotype classifier Components

Component is a UML CompositeStructure

Can Provide and/or require Interface(s)

Can be composed by ComponentRealization


Stereotype classifier Classes

Class diagram of Kernel Package


Stereotype classifier Interface

Contents of Interface package


ConnectableElement with stereotyped type Abstract metaclass representing a set of instance that plays roles of a

classifier

A ConnectableElement Company is an accountOwner in a ConnectableElement Bank


Connector with a stereotyped type Specifies a link that connects two or more instances Link can be an instance of Association

Connectors Diagrams


Lifeline with a stereotyped type


Composed lifelines in communication diagrams Lifelines that represents owned attributes of a StructuredClassifier can be

nested within Lifeline


ObjectNode with a stereotyped type ObjectNode is an abstract activity Indicates an instance of a particular classifier, in a parcicular state, available at a particular point activity

Presentation option can be applied to all ObjectNode subclasses

EliminateIntruder is an Activity having an ActivityParameterNode


Bi-directional dependencies opposite Dependencies of the same kind connect two Named-Elements

(a) UML Notation (b) Simplified Notation


Internal structure of Connectable elements

UML extension for AMLUML extension for AML

Adds meta-properties defined in AML kernel package to UML 2.0 Superstructure metaclass

Optional part of language


Extended Actor Specialized AutonomousEntityType Own MentalProperties Capabilities be decomposed into BehaviorFragments, provide and/or use service observe and/or effect its environment play entity roles participate in social relationships specify values of the meta-attributes defined by the Socialized-SemiEntityType


Extended BehavioralFeature Can also specify meta-associations: pre-conditions, post-conditions,

inputs and outputs

AgentType SoccerRobot and its action shoot() with some constraints


Extended Behavior Can also specify meta-associations: pre-conditions, post-conditions,

inputs and outputs

Activity SubstitutionAlgorithm can specify pre- and post-conditions

DiagramsDiagrams

Diagram frames AML extends UML2 notation Alternative syntax of the heading of diagram List of template parameters for diagram frames which represent

templates

Kind is the type Owner is the name of namespace enclosing Diagram name: the name of diagram (¬¬) Property-string specifies the tagged name of namespace

enclosing

DiagramsDiagrams

AML extends UML2 diagram frame kinds

DiagramsDiagrams

TemplateParameters AML frames representing the templates can specify the list of

TemplateParameters is placed in a dashed retangle Subsets can be depicted in the form of stereotyped lists, or placed

into separate compartments

DiagramsDiagrams

AML extends the set of diagram types defined by UML with the following diagram types

Mental Diagram: Used to capture mental attitudes of mental semi-entities (goals, plans, beliefs and MentalRelationships)

Goal-based requirements diagram Contains specification of the system stakeholder’s mental attitudes

Society diagram Capture the global view of MAS’ architecture

Entity diagram Capture details of the internal structure of an EntityType

Service diagram Shows a specification of a service

Ontology diagram Shows a specification of an ontology

Diagrams (cont.)Diagrams (cont.)

AML extends the set of diagram types defined by UML with the following diagram types

Behavior Decomposition Diagram Shows BehaviorFramgments, owned Capabilities and their mutual Relationships

Protocol Sequence diagram Specification of an InterationProtocol in the form of a Sequence Diagram

Protocol Communication diagram Specification of an InterationProtocol in th form of Communication diagram

Service Protocol Sequence diagram Specification of an ServiceProtocol in th form of Sequence diagram

Service Protocol Communication diagram Specification of an ServiceProtocol in th form of Communication diagram

MAS Deployment diagram Deployment of MAS to a physical environment and structural aspects of mobility

Extension of OCLExtension of OCL

AML defines set of operations to extend OCL to include expressions belonging: Modal Logic Deontic Logic Temporal Logic Dynamic Logic


Dynamic Logic (cont.) Epistemic Logic


BDI Logic Other operators

OntologiesReasoningComponentsAgentsSimulations

Agent Modeling Language:Agent Modeling Language:An OverviewAn Overview

Wendell VérasVinícius RemígioJacques Robin

ontologies reasoning components agents simulations agent modeling language: an overview wendell...

Documents

aml entities

aml syntax

aml diagrams chapter

mas modeling language

uml2 metamodel section

mas conceptual metamodel

umlbased languages metamodel

modeling mechanisms