Classroom Assessment Practicesvs

Principles of K to 12 Assessment

One test of the correctness of educational procedure is the happiness of the child. -Maria Montessori

Task: In each learning area, do the following: Group 1 Demonstrate an example/counter example of a formative assessment you use in your classroom. Show How you involve your students in answering these questions: Where am I going? Where am I now? How can I close the gap? Group 2 Demonstrate an example/counter example of a formative

assessment where you listen to students and provide feedback. Group 3 Demonstrate an example of something you would/would not consider a formative use of rubrics in your classroom .

Questions• What evidences of implementation and results were

presented? (positive/negative)• What interested you the most in the presentations?• What does formative assessment mean to you?• What do you wonder about Formative Assessment?• When are you most likely to give feedback?• What aspect of your teaching help students know

answers to “Where am I going, how close is my current achievement or performance? What do I do next?”• What will you try in your classroom? (interesting)

PRINCIPLES OF K TO 12 ASSESSMENT

21st Century Assessment

• balance of assessments - high-quality standardized testing along with effective classroom formative and summative assessments;

• useful feedback on student performance that is embedded into everyday learning;

• balance between formative and summative assessments that measure student mastery of 21st century skills;

Effective Pedagogy in Social Sciences http://www.educationcounts.govt.nz/publications/series/2515/32879/35263

21st Century Assessment

• portfolios of learner works that demonstrate mastery of skills to educators and prospective employers; and

• balanced portfolio of measures to assess the educational system’s effectiveness at reaching high levels of student competency.

Effective Pedagogy in Social Sciences http://www.educationcounts.govt.nz/publications/series/2515/32879/35263

DepEd Order No. 73, s. 2012

Purpose of Assessment

• Monitor learning achievement: assess KSA’s

• Satisfy different stakeholders:

Stakeholders Interests

Learners, families, communities Am I passing? Are they learning?

Teachers, schools What are they learning? Are we doing a good job?

Educations systems Are results consistent w/ national policies? Is schooling efficient?

International agencies How does this country compare with others?

Assessment of learning outcomes

• Based on standards contained in the Curriculum

Guides for all subjects to ensure that teachers

teach consistent with said standards and learners

meet or exceed the same

-Section 8.4, RA 10533

Assessment of learning outcomes

shall serve the following purposes:• Quality assurance tool to track student

progress in the attainment of standards• Promote self-reflection and personal

accountability for his/her own learning• Provide a basis for profiling student

performance or for grading -Section 8.4, RA

10533

Assessment of learning outcomes

• Be holistic and necessarily include the use of appropriate traditional and authentic modes of assessment or a combination of both. • It shall make use of all forms of assessment

such as but not limited to formative, summative and self-assessment with emphasis on formative assessment to ensure learning;

-Section 8.4, RA 10533

Assessment of learning outcomes

• Results of assessment shall be also be used for tracking the learners’ progress relative to the

standards to guide instruction to ensure learning and for intervention purposes;

• The language of instruction shall be the language for testing in all school-based and system-wide assessment and in all international benchmarking and assessment exercise.

-Section 8.4, RA 10533

Standards-based assessmentStandards :•Communicate goals that the school systems, schools, teachers and students achieve

•Provide targets for teaching and learning

•Shape the performance of teachers and students

Standards-based assessments compare each student’s performance to academic standards.

-Chisholm, L et al

Standards-based assessment

•Assess for Attainment of Content Standard

Level 1 – KnowledgeLevel 2 – Process/SkillsLevel 3 – Understanding

• Assess for Attainment of Performance Standard Level 4 – Products/Performances

-DEPED ORDER #73 S. 2013

Frequency of Assessment

• Knowledge, skills, understanding and transfer shall be assessed formatively

(daily; weekly; scored and recorded, but not graded)

and summative (scored, recorded and graded) at the end of the unit, quarter, or school year.

Formative Assessment(Assessment for Learning)

Summative Assessment(Assessment of Learning)

Purpose: To improve learning and achievement

Purpose: To measure or audit attainment

Carried out while learning is in progress—day to day, minute by minute.

Carried out from time to time to create snapshots of what has happened.

Focused on the learning process and the learning progress.

Focused on the products of learning.

Viewed as an integral part of the teaching-learning process.

Viewed as something separate, an activity performed after the teaching-learning cycle.

Formative Assessment(Assessment for Learning)

Summative Assessment(Assessment of Learning)

Collaborative—Teachers and students know where they are headed, understand the learning needs, and use assessment information as feedback to guide and adapt what they do to meet those needs.

Teacher directed—Teachers assign what the students must do and then evaluate how well they complete the assignment.

Fluid—An ongoing process influenced by student need and teacher feedback.

Rigid—An unchanging measure of what the student achieved.

Teachers and students adopt the role of intentional learners.

Teachers adopt the role of auditors and students assume the role of the audited.

Teachers and students use the evidence they gather to make adjustments for continuous improvement.

Teachers use the results to make final "success or failure" decisions about a relatively fixed set of instructional activities.

Top ThreeMisconceptions about Formative Assessment

•Misconception #1:

Formative assessment is a special kind of test or series of tests that teachers learn to use to find out what their students know.

Strategic talking points for school leadersFormative assessment • is not a test item, a test, or a series of tests.• is an intentional learning process teachers

engage in with their students to gather information during the learning process to improve achievement.• is a learning partnership that involves

teachers and their students taking stock of where they are in relation to their learning goals.

•Misconception #2:

Formative assessment is a program that teachers adopt and add to what they already do.

Strategic talking points  for school leaders

Formative assessment • is not a prepackaged program or set of

techniques that teachers adopt and enact.• is a philosophy of teaching and learning in

which the purpose of assessing is to inform learning, not merely to audit it.• The formative assessment process is a

fundamental reframing of the work teachers and students do day to day and minute by minute in the classroom.

•Misconception #3:

Any practice that gathers information for the purpose of improving programs or improving teaching is a part of formative assessment.

Strategic talking points for school leaders• To be considered part of the formative

assessment process, information gathered must be used to inform the learning of current students.• Although the quality of teaching rises as a

result of formative assessment, the intended outcome must be to raise the learning and achievement of the students currently in the classroom on the concepts, processes, and skills that formed the basis for the assessment.

Formative assessment helps to continuously generate and strengthen the ff. four important components of motivation to learn:

• Self-efficacy—A learner's belief in his ability to succeed in a particular situation

• Self-regulation—The degree to which a learner is metacognitively, motivationally, and actively participating in her own learning

• Self-assessment—A learner's act of observing, analyzing, and judging his own performance on the basis of criteria and determining how he can improve it.

• Self-attribution—A learner's own perceptions or explanations for success or failure that determine the amount of effort she will expend on that activity in the future.

Sample formative assessment process in the classroom:

• A teacher asks students in his 6th grade social studies class to form pairs to generate three strategic questions that will help them better meet their learning target of describing how erosion has produced physical patterns on the earth's surface that have affected human activities.

• Before a lesson on creating a family budget, a consumer science teacher states the goals for the lesson and asks the students to paraphrase the goals.

Sample formative assessment process in the classroom:

• In a communication arts class, students use a rubric that they generated as a class to plan their essays, monitor their writing, and edit their drafts in order to meet the criteria for a successful essay.

• In his feedback to a student, a teacher shows the student what she did correctly in her attempt to draw the life cycle of a frog. Then the teacher gives the student a strategy to use to improve the accuracy of her drawing before she turns in her final sketch.

• A middle school student decides to use a story map to plan his short story depicting life in the Victorian era. It will help him reach his goal of improving the organization and sequencing of his story.

Positive Negative

Interesting

Let’s PIN it!

Session 3

It is not the beauty of a building you should look at;

its the construction of the foundation that will stand the test of time.

David Allan Coe

Which comes first, test specifications or test items?

How should the assessment matrix be prepared?

Content Standard

Knowledge(15%)

Process(25%)

Understan-ding(30%)

Product/Performance(30%)

Test Plan•What competencies should the test cover?•What type of questions should be included in

the test?• How difficult should you make the test?

(levels of assessment) • How many questions should you have on

your test? • How much time has been provided for

testing?•Who will be taking the test?

Important considerations:•Standards in writing the test items/ format•Learning Styles of examinees•Context of the learner•Language to be used

Standard Based Assessment

Content/Performance Standard

Learning Competency Test Item =

Important considerations:• Levels of Assessment Knowledge 15% Process 25% Understanding 30% Product/Performance 30%•Assessment Matrix - for a well

balanced item distribution

Issues•When is it appropriate to give bonus

points?•Must the honors class and last section

be given different sets of periodic tests?•Can product/performance be assessed

in written form?•Why do students still fail in exams?

Life is not a multiple choice test, it is an open-book essay exam.

-Alan Blinder, Princeton