MOUNRING DOVE

ON THE WINGS OF A DOVEfacts and opinionsA NON-FICTION WRITING LESSON By Donna Hambright

Epigraph"The difference between fiction and nonfiction is that fiction must be absolutely believable.Mark Twain

Types of Non-Fiction

AlmanacsAutobiography /Biography Blueprints Book ReportsDiagramsDiaries, Journals, and Memoirs Dictionaries Non-fiction Films and Documentaries

ENCYCLOPEDIASESSAYS Guides and ManualsHandbooks History Books LettersJournalism (News reporting)LECTURES

Natural History

PHOTOGRAPHS Research PapersSOUND RECORDINGSScientific Articles

TEXTBOOKS travelogues WORKS OF ART

FOR DISCUSSIONWHAT IS NON-FICTION WRITING?

WHY SHOULD YOU LEARN TO WRITE NON-FICTION?

WHAT ARE YOUR RESPONSIBILITIES AS A NON-FICTION WRITER?WHAT IS NON-FICTION WRITING?

Non-fiction writing is meant to educate, persuade, report or explain.

Non-fiction writing may or may not be entertaining, but it must be truthful and accurate.

WHY SHOULD YOU LEARN TO WRITE NON-FICTION?

STUDENT RESPONSE: As I complete my schooling, and as I go through life, non-fiction is the type of writing I will use most often. Non-fiction writing will help me become a better communicator; thus, improving my skills as a non-fiction writer will help me EXPLAIN the things I know and EXPRESS the way I feel about the things I experience.

WHAT ARE YOUR RESPONSIBILITIES AS A NON-FICTION WRITER?

Use facts, not rumors, myths or illogical reasoning, to support your writing. Share your opinions honestly, but be kind and fair.Give credit to your sources of information using Modern Language Association (MLA) format. Visit: www.owl.english.purdue.edu FACTS AND OPINIONS ABOUT MOURNING DOVES

Common names:MOURNING DOVE

TURTLE DOVE

CAROLINA PIGEON

RAIN DOVE

Scientific Name: Zenaida macrouraThe Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura) is the most common species of dove found in North America. They are considered fair game in the United States and Canada; thus, they are hunted both for meat and for sport. The number of individual Mourning Doves in North America is estimated to be approximately 475 million.

What is the difference in a dove and a pigeon? Pigeons and doves constitute the bird family Columbidae, which includes about three hundred known species. Therefore, in general terms, "dove" and "pigeon" are interchangeable terms.

COLUMBIDAE COUSINSPIGEONSMOURNING DOVES

A dove is, in fact, a small pigeon. The only difference between a dove and a pigeon is size and color. Most Mourning Doves are grayish-brown in color; the male and female are almost identical. Mourning Doves have graceful, pointed tails edged in white.

dodo n., (Raphus cucullatus) an extinct flightless bird of the greater pigeon family, once a native of the island of Mauritius. Discovered 1598, extinct by 1681.The Tragedy of the Dodo

Rare Dodo Remains Discovered in Mauritius. http://www.nhm.ac.uk/about-us/news/2005/dec/news_7376.htmlArticle of InterestAnother remarkable feature of Mourning Doves is their monogamous nature. Mates stay together for life and become very devoted parents. After a life-bond between a mated pair has occurred, a widowed dove is known to sit alone and cry, woo OO oo oo oo, as if mourning for the lost dove.

BIRD SONG: woo-OO-oo-oo-oo AllopreeningMutual preening and grooming the feathers of one bird by another is often a part of courtship or pair bond maintenance.

Typically, the hen will lay two eggs, producing one or two viable squabs per brood. DOVE EGGS

Use the illustration to determine the size of these specimens. NC 3:04 Use many types of sources: photographs as non-fiction

Dove chicks are called squabs and the learn to fly at about five weeks. At that time they are old enough to leave the nest. Often, older siblings will help care for the next brood of squabs.

OPINION: Do you think this squab is beautiful or ugly? Sweet or creepy?

Both parents incubate and feed the young squabs. In warm regions, one mated pair may raise up to six broods each year. The young are fed crop milk, which is regurgitated by their parents. Crop milk consists of partially digested seeds and berries mixed with the digestive juices of the parent. Mourning Doves eat seeds and berries exclusively, but they drink water by sipping a remarkable accomplishment for birds.

Zenaida macroura

The wings of the Mourning Dove [makes or make?] an unusual whistling sound upon take-off and landing. An average female bird is capable of speeds of 55M.P.H. or more, but an adult males burst of flight can be 70 M.P.H.

NC 3:04 Use many types of sources: works of art as non-fiction

Audubons painting of the Carolina Turtle-dove or Carolina pigeon as seen on page 246 of his famous work, BIRDS OF AMERICA. Mourning dove imagery also turns up in works of art and literature. For example, the Mourning Dove appears as the Carolina Turtle-Dove on plate 286 of Audubons famous collection of paintings called BIRDS OF AMERICA.

Mourning Dove." All About Birds: Cornell University Laboratory of Ornithology. Web. 26 Jul 2011. .

Tyler, Winsor Marrett. "Mourning Dove." Smithsonian Institution United States National Museum Bulletin . 162. (1932): 402-416. Print. BIRD SONG: woo-OO-oo-oo-oo NC 3:04 Use many types of sources: sound recordings as non-fiction FACT VS. OPINION

Explicit Opinion = stated opinion

Implicit Opinion = unstated opinionCONTROVERSIAL TOPIC: CLONING EXTINCT SPECIESFACT: The Mourning Dove is considered to be the most closely related species to the Passenger Pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius), which was hunted to extinction in the early 1900s. For this reason, the possibility of using Mourning Doves for cloning the Passenger Pigeon has been discussed.

FACT: The Dodo was a pigeon. Viable samples of dodo bones will help scientists study and sequence the DNA of the Dodo in preparation for cloning!

OPINION: What is your opinion about cloning extinct species using an extant species, which is a close genetic relative?

HOW TO HANDFEED A BABY DOVE

BABY BIRD FORMULAMac-MilkCrop Milk Replacer Recipe1 jar strained chicken baby food1 hard bolied egg1 tablespoon low-fat yougurt teaspoon oil (sunflower, grape seed, olive, etc.)Baby cereal (rice, corn, multi-grain, etc.)For older birds, add small bird seeds until the baby can peck on it own. VOCABULARY WORDSABUNDANT ACCURACYALLOPREENINGBROODCOLUMBIDAECONSTITUTEDOVEEPIGRAPHEXPOSITIONEXTANTEXTINCTINTERCHANGEMONOGOMOUSMOURNFULPIGEONPIN FEATHERSREGURGITATE SPECIESSPECIMEN SQUABSTAXONOMYTRUTHFULNESSWIDESPREADWORLDWIDEVIABLE_________________