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Dk tge Ebbelthvhty db tge Qoifet os o Qddf bdrFeorkhk`

\Q\ PBY

Oluo& Nory Ennokueffe

Oreffokd& \gornohkke

@rovdsd& Souf Okarew

Dkruiho& Xdi

Soz& Jorea Lgrhsthok

Qoafe& Broufhke

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HKQYDAULQHDK

Qelgkdfd`y db Qoifet SL

Qge toifets tgot ndst db relekt `ekerothdks mkdw tdaoy ore ahbberekt brdn tge toifets

mkdwk noky aeloaes o`d+ Aue td ahbberekt keeas oka aeshres& telgkdfd`y gos bduka hts woy td

hnprdve toifets oka ldne up whtg wgot we ekjdy tdaoy+

Hk ?777& tge bhrst exlfushve rh`gt td normet ok efeltrdkhl toifet usea bdr gokawrhthk` wos

opprdvea+ O systen tgot olleptea gokawrhttek lgorolters iy okofyzhk` tge gokawrhthk` ndthdk

wos `roktea hk ?8?5+ Pghfe hk ?852& o systen ushk` o toifet oka gokawrhthk` text reld`khthdk

hksteoa db o meyidora bdr wdrmhk` whtg o ndaerk ah`htof ldnputer wos prdvea hk puifhl+

Qge toifet ldnputeroka tge suppfenektory dperothk` sdbtwore hs ok exonpfe dbpek

ldnputhk`telgkdfd`y+ Oloaenhl reseorlg oka ldnnerlhof systens stortea td expfdre tghs pek

ldnputhk` telgkdfd`y& sulg os Seklept& Ldnnukhlothdks Hkteffh`ekle Ldrpdrothdk& oka Fhkus

?873(+ Ndredver& @D Ldrpdrothdk irdu`gt dut tge SekSdhkt D\ dperothk` systen bdr o toifet

ldnputer prdault+ Qghs SekSdhkt D\ wos dke db tge eorfhest dperothk` systens wrhttek

spelhbhloffy bdr `ropghlof toifets oka persdkof ah`htof osshstokts+

Ofok Moy& o Sg+A+ lokahaote& okthlhpotea o MhaahLdnp+ Qge ldklept db ghs prdpdsof hk

?809 wos td gove o persdkof ldnputer bdr lghfarek db off o`es+ Qge poper aefhkeotea tge

requhrenekts bdr o ldkleptuof pdrtoife eaulothdkof aevhle tgot wdufa prdpdse beotures shnhfor td

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tablet_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pencepthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PenPoint_OShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tablet_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_digital_assistanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tablet_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PenPoint_OShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pencepthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tablet_computer

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tgot suppfhea iy o foptdp ldnputer dr o aevhle dbberhk` keor eterkof iottery fhbe+ Oppfe

Ldnputerstortea hts toifet prdjelt hk ?870& wghlg ldkshaerea tge refeose db aevhles db tgree

shzes+ Hk ?88

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Beotures db Qoifet SLs

?+ Qge ndst sh`khbhlokt beoture db o toifet ldnputer hs tge tdulg slreek+ Qge iest db tgen usewgot hs mkdwk os lopolhthve telgkdfd`y wghlg offdws ydu td use tge slreek whtg very

fhttfe pressure brdn o bhk`er+

9+ Ht adeskt gove noky iuttdks bdr kovh`othdk+ Qge iest toifet ldnputers dkfy gove dkeiuttdk oshae brdn tge pdwer iuttdk+ Qghs nomes ht eosy td kovh`ote ushk` tge dk.slreek

ldktrdfs+

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\dutgeost Oshok lduktrhes& iut hk tge stotenekt db @bM& Hkadkesho& Qgohfoka oka Nofoysho were

tge tgree ih``est normets bdr sulg `oa`ets oka ldffelthvefy ldksune dver 03 perlekt db tge

re`hdks sofes vdfune wghfe ldktrhiuthk` 20 perlekt td tge dveroff adffor vofue+ 93?9(

Hk neahlof& iushkess& oka hk neaho hkaustry& tge telgkdfd`y db Qoifet SLs hs sdnegdw

prdvea td ie gefpbuf+ Iut hk tge lose db oloaenhls& ht hs sthff iehk` aeiotea wgetger ht hs gefpbuf dr

kdt td stuaekts+ \tuahes hk Ukhtea \totes sgdw tgot ushk` telgkdfd`y hk lfoss noy feoa td

ahstroltea iegovhdr oka ottekthdk aebhlht ahsdraers& espelhoffy bdr lduktrhes fhme tge Sghfhpphkes

wghlg hs just storthk` td `rosp tge telgkdfd`y db Qoifet SLs+ Ad Qoifet SLs gefp tge Bhfhphkd

stuaekts hk tgehr stuahes4

Hk 93??& \lhekle \elretory Norhd Ndktejd woktea td lreote o beoshife notg ldursewore

oka test wgetger ht ldufa nome ok hnpolt dk stuaekt feorkhk`+ Phtg Ukaerselretory db \lhekle ae

fo Seo oka Eaulothdk Ukaerselretory Xdfokao _uhjokd& tgey ldkaultea o prdjelt loffea

Qelgkdfd`y Solmo`e bdr \tuaekt Feorkhk` Enpdwernekt+ \everof `dverknekt ukhts wdrmea

td`etger: Qge \lhekle Eaulothdk Hksthtute \EH( db tge Aeportnekt db \lhekle oka Qelgkdfd`y

AD\Q(& Ukhvershty db tge Sghfhpphkes Kothdkof Hksthtute bdr \lhekle oka Notg Eaulothdk+

Qelgkdfd`y bdr \tuahes

Hkkdvothdks gove ieek obbelthk` off seltdrs db tge sdlhety& evek eaulothdk+ Ldnputers oka

tge hkterket& bdr tge fost aeloaes& troksbdrnea eaulothdk aronothloffy+ Qgese telgkdfd`hes noae

fhves db stuaekts oka teolgers eosher+ Yelekt aevefdpnekts& espelhoffy efeltrdkhl requhrenekts

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sulg os e.iddms ldktrhiutea td fess expekahture oka wosto`e db thne+ Updk tge refeose db tge

Oppfe hSoa hk 93?3 wghlg 'hkvektea& lreotea& o kew khlge& o kew prdault fhke& hk ldnputhk`

Pdrstoff& k+p+(& tge toifet SL noae ht td tge nohkstreon oka noae okdtger set db lgok`es hk tge

feorkhk` oka teolghk` systen+

O reseorlg ldkaultea iy Seorsdk Bdukaothdk sgdwea tgot toifet dwkersghp ondk`

ldffe`e oka gh`g slgddf stuaekts hk Ukhtea \totes trhpfea just o yeor o`d Seorsdk Bdukaothdk& ?(+

Qge stuay bduka dut tgot tge perlekto`e db ldffe`e oka gh`g slgddf stuaekts dwkhk` o toifet gos

rhsek brdn 0% db Norlg 93?? td 95% db Norlg 93?9 Hiha+& 9(+ Olthvhthes tgot ore ndstfy adke

iy stuaekts ore lgelmhk` enohfs& pfoyhk` `ones& sdlhof ketwdrmhk`& fddmhk` oka seorlghk` bdr

hkbdrnothdk& fhstekhk` td nushl& fh`gtweh`gt ldktekt lreothdk sulg os kdtes oka fhsts& reoahk` o

iddm oka kews& wotlghk` QR prd`rons oka ndvhes oka ldkaulthk` fdlof reseorlg Nuffer& et+of+&

1(+ Qge toifet& whtg hts oppfhlothdks prd`ronnea hktekaea td nome dur aohfy fhvhk` eosher oka

ndre ldkvekhekt& hs evhaektfy `roauoffy lgok`hk` tge aohfy fhves db stuaekts& kdt dkfy pertohkhk`

td tge oloaenhl ospelt iut ofsd td tge sdlhof& persdkof& oka ektertohknekt ospelts os weff+

Ielouse db tge pdshthve beeaiolms dk tge use db toifets bdr tge eaulothdk db stuaekts&

eaulothdk o`eklhes db `dverknekt db ahbberekt lduktrhes gove noae prd`rons oka olthdks td

spreoa tgese pdshthve ebbelts db toifets dk stuaekt stuayhk` iy prdvhahk` eolg stuaekt whtg o

toifet+ Hk tge Ukhtea \totes espelhoffy& severof stotes gove ofreoay tomek ok olthdk td nome o ?:?

rothd db stuaekts oka toifets o reofhty+ \dne db tgen ore Ydsfyk Gh`g \lgddf hk Kew Xdrm& wgere

tge oanhkhstrotdrs gokaea dut 10 hSoas dk Aelenier 93?3 td stuaekts oka teolgers db twd

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gunokhthes lfosses+ Qge oanhkhstrotdrs iefhevea tgot tghs wdufa hnprdve tge ldnnukhlothdk

ietweek stuaekts oka teolgers& os weff os fessek textiddm oka poper use+ Ofsd& Rhr`hkho

Aeportnekt db Eaulothdk gos ie`uk experhnekthk` dk ushk` hSoas td repfole ihdfd`y oka ghstdry

textiddms hk ?? slgddfs& wghfe 2 nhaafe slgddfs hk Lofhbdrkho gove ofreoay ie`uk teolghk`

of`eiro ushk` hSoas dkfy \orea`e& k+p+(+

Ht hs kdt dkfy hk tge Ukhtea \totes oka dtger aevefdpea lduktrhes tgot repfolhk`

ldkvekthdkof textiddms whtg toifets hk slgddfs hs lonpoh`kea oka hnpfenektea+ Hk tge

Sghfhpphkes& Sreshaekt Iekh`kd \+ Oquhkd HHH gos ofreoay expressea ghs suppdrt db toifet SL's

ondk` Sghfhpphke stuaekts Fe`osph& k+p+(+ Ge soha tgot tge `dverknekt hs just wohthk` tgot tge

prhle db toifet ie obbdraoife sd tgot ht lok ie idu`gt oka usea iy stuaekts bdr tgehr reoahk`

noterhofs+ Os o notter db bolt& os eorfy os 93??& tge Aeportnekt db \lhekle oka Qelgkdfd`y goa

ofreoay ldkaultea o phfdt.test db 93 fdloffy nokubolturea toifets ondk` `roae dke stuaekts db

sefeltea puifhl slgddfs+ Qge toifets were usea td teolg Notgenothls oka \lhekle Esnoquef HH&

k+p+(+ Os db kdw& Fo \offe hk Nokhfo seens td gove noae o ghstdry os tge bhrst slgddf td buffy

ah`htofhze hts teolghk` Sokhlmer& k+p+( os eolg db hts stuaekts kdw lorrhes o toifet hksteoa db

troahthdkof kdteiddms& iddms oka peks+

Qge use db toifet SL's hklreosea rophafy oka hs kdw iehk` usea kdt dkfy bdr ektertohknekt

purpdses& iut bdr oloaenhl stuahes os weff+ Ielouse db hts beotures& espelhoffy tge eosy olless td

hkterket& ndre stuaekts bhka ht ndre ldkvekhekt td use hk tgehr stuayhk` tgok tge usuof netgda db

wrhthk` whtg o pek oka poper+ Ielouse db hts weff.puifhlhzea pdshthve ebbelt dk stuaekts' stuayhk`

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os weff os hk tge quofhty db eaulothdk hk `ekerof& `dverknekt o`eklhes oka slgddf oanhkhstrothdks

noae ht o port db tgehr pfok td ah`htofhze ldnpfetefy tge eaulothdk+ Qrufy& toifet SL's gove

lgok`ea tge woy db fhvhk` hk every aoy setthk`& porthluforfy tge stuaekts+ Gdwever& we sgdufak't

ie ldnpfetefy ifhka db tge arowiolms db tghs telgkdfd`y bdr dur eaulothdk& espelhoffy bdr tge

stuaekts tgensefves+

Ebbelts db Qoifet SL dk \tuayhk`

Ielouse db hts bost polea spreoahk` ondk` stuaekts& slhekthsts gove ofreoay ie`uk

stuayhk` gdw toifet SL's obbelt stuaekts stuayhk`+ Ndst db tge resufts db tge stuahes adke

sgdwea tgot Onerhlok stuaekts kdw preber tge use db toifets hk tgehr aohfy slgddf olthvhthes+ Xet&

tgere ore orthlfes wghlg sgdwea up oka expressea tgehr ahspfeosure dk tge use db toifet bdr

eaulothdk+ Nojdrhty db tge prddbs prdvhaea iy tge stuahes adke were iosea dk tge kunier db

stuaekts wgd usea oka o`reea tgot ushk` o toifet gos sh`khbhlokt ebbelts dk tgehr oloaenhl

perbdrnokle+ Olldrahk` td tge survey adke iy tge Seorsdk Bdukaothdk& 2 dut db ?3 db idtg

ldffe`e oka gh`g slgddf stuaekts iefhevea tgot toifets gefp tgen stuay ndre ebbhlhektfy&

espelhoffy tgot toifets were usea bdr olquhrhk` oka reoahk` noterhofs Seorsdk Bdukaothdk& 9(+

Ok orthlfe wrhttek iy Feog Orkdfa `ove enpgoshs dk tge evekt tgot tgere's ok hklreose hk tge

kunier db toifet users wgd were sthff stuayhk` hk ldffe`e Orkdfa& k+p+(+ Iosea dk o stuay adke

iy Kothdkof Yetohf Bdukaothdk hk U\& tgere's o 90+5% sur`e hk spekahk` dk efeltrdkhls ondk`

ldffe`e stuaekts wghfe expekahtures dk troahthdkof slgddf suppfhes oka textiddms aelreosea Hiha+&

k+p+(+ Hk sdne loses& tge stuaekts were 'requhrea' td iuy toifets& espelhoffy hk ldffe`e& ielouse

tgehr ae`ree prd`ron kdw uses oppfhlothdks oka sdbtwores wghlg wdufa nome tgehr feorkhk`

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eosher+ Qghs hs wgot goppekea hk tge Ukhvershty db Bfdrhao& wgere stuaekts sgdufa gove o toifet td

ie equhppea whtg sdbtwores kelessory bdr tgehr ae`ree prd`ron+ \tuaekts ofsd iefhevea tgot ot

bhrst+ ht noy ldst tdd nulg iut tge `dda ebbelt db dwkhk` o toifet hs fdk`er tgok okyiday tgdu`gt+

Pgy tge suaaek hklreose db tge kunier stuaekts wgd preber td use toifet dver poper oka

peklhf4 Iroafey iefhevea tgot toifets dbber o fdt db oavokto`es oka ldkvekhekle tgot tge pek oka

poper adesk't+ Qgrdu`g tge toifet oka hts eosy olless td hkterket beoture& stuaekts wdufa gove o

whaer sdurle db quofhty hkbdrnothdk hk o sgdrt perhda db thne k+p+(+ Qge toifet hs ofsd o

ldkvekhekt tddf bdr dr`okhzhk` tghk`s sulg os slgeaufes db olthvhthes oka exons Jdgksdk& k+p+(+

Iroafey ofsd hklfuaea hk ger orthlfe o reseorlg adke iy tge U+\+ Aeportnekt db Eaulothdk wghlg

reveofea tgot nostery db telgkdfd`y hklreoses sefb.esteen oka sefb. ldkbhaekle k+p+( Qghs ldufa

ie ielouse db tge bolt tgot dur sdlhety kdw gos o 'bethsg' dk tgese telgkdfd`hes oka td gove

mkdwfea`e dr pdssesshdk db tgese telgkdfd`hes wdufa nome ydu o iht gh`ger hk stotus tgok tge

dtgers+ Qoifet dwkersghp ldufa ie usea os o synidf bdr eldkdnhl stotus+

Aesphte tge for`e ondukt db orthlfes oka `dda beeaiolm relehvea brdn tge toifet users& we

lokkdt ke`felt tge bolt tgot ht gos ofsd hts dwk okthtgeshs+ Qge bdrendst ke`othve hnpolt haekthbhea

iy sdne slhekthsts hs tge ahstrolthdk lousea iy tge toifet+ Ielouse noky db hts oppfhlothdks lok ie

eoshfy adwkfdoaea brdn tge hkterket& stuaekts teka td adwkfdoa oppfhlothdks tgot ore kdt bdr

oloaenhl purpdses sulg os `ones+ Lorryhk` o toifet hkshae o lfossrddn ofsd louses tge stuaekt

ahstrolthdk& resufthk` td tge stuaekt ldnpfetefy h`kdrhk` tge teolger+ \ldtt Qrovhs& hk ghs orthlfe

'Ades Qelgkdfd`y nome stuaekts snorter dr ndre ahstroltea4'& hklfuaea o sgdrt aeslrhpthdk `hvek

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iy o prdbessdr dk gdw ghs lfoss fddms fhme+ Qge teolger kdtea tgot ndst db ghs stuaekts ore kdt

poyhk` ottekthdk td tge fessdk ielouse tgey ore ehtger pfoyhk` dr lgotthk` whtg brhekas Qrovhs&

k+p+(+ Qge Kew Xdrm Qhnes gos ofsd repdrtea hklhaekts wgerehk stuaekts usea toifets td lgeot

aurhk` exons& adwkfdoa pdrkd`ropgy oka golm systens db fdlof iushkesses Hiha+& k+p+(+

Okdtger tghk` tgot tge toifet lokkdt ldnpfetefy prdvhae hs tge essekle db ldnnukhlothdk+

Qoifets noy gove aronothloffy hnprdvea tge systen db ldnnukhlothdk ondk` hkahvhauofs iut

tge beefhk` db reofhty ieldnes fess+ \tuaekts gove soha tgot ldkversothdks dkfhke ore tdd bor brdn

gdw tgey ore hk reofhty+ Ofsd& evek hts dwk hkterket beoture lousea ahsoavokto`es td hts stuaekt

users+ Ht tenpts tge stuaekts td woste thne dk ukprdaulthve olthvhthes+

Xes& toifets ldufa ie `dda+ Ht offdws us td o whaer oka eosher ldkkelthdk td tge wdrfa+ Qge

stuaekts gove ndre eose hk stuayhk` kdw+ Qgere ldufa ie dtger oavokto`es oport brdn tgdse

nekthdkea oidve+ Iut aesphte tgese oavokto`es& telgkdfd`hes whff ofwoys gove hts ahsoavokto`es+

Qge woy toifets lgok`e tge fhbe db stuaekts pdshthvefy whff ofsd obbelt tgen ke`othvefy+ Oka hb tge

Onerhlok stuaekts iefhevea hk tge `reot iekebhts tge toifets dbber bdr tgehr stuahes& wgot oidut tge

Bhfhphkd ldffe`e stuaekts wgd renohk td gove restrhltea olless td sulg telgkdfd`y4 Pdufa tgey

gove tge sone dphkhdk dk tge toifet os o ndre ebbhlhekt woy db stuayhk` oka feorkhk` tgok tge

ldkvekthdkof4

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Qghs `rdup tomes o fddm ot gdw Bhfhphkd ldffe`e stuaekts perlehve toifets os o neoks db

stuayhk`+

NEQGDADFD@X

Bdr tghs stuay& tghs `rdup gos lgdsek td ldkault o survey pertohkhk` td stuaekts' stuay

goihts hk refothdk td toifets+ Qghs `rdups survey bdlusea dk bdur db tge ndst pdpufotea ldffe`es

hk tge Ukhvershty db tge Sghfhpphkes Ahfhnok& konefy& tge Ldffe`e db Orts oka Fetters& tge Ldffe`e

db Ek`hkeerhk`& tge Ldffe`e db \lhekle& oka tge Ldffe`e db \dlhof \lhekles oka Sghfdsdpgy+

Qghs survey wos ldkaultea hk draer td `ohk hksh`gts brdn tge stuaekts db dur ldffe`es db

bdlus& os weff os okofyze wgetger toifets pfoy o pdshthve dr ke`othve rdfe hk tge hnprdvenekt db

stuaekts stuay goihts+ Qghs survey ofsd ohns td ldnpore tge `ekerof resufts brdn tge bdur

ahbberekt ldffe`es+

Bdr tghs survey& 93 respdkaekts brdn eolg db tge obdrenekthdkea ldffe`es were osmea td

ldnpfete tghs survey+ Eolg respdkaekt wos bhrst osmea hb ge$ sge dwkea o toifet+ Qoifet dwkers

oka kdk.toifet dwkers were ahreltea td twd ahbberekt sets db questhdks+

Qgdse wgd dwkea toifets were tgek osmea hb tgey usea tgehr toifets bdr tgehr stuahes& oka

hb tgey aha& tgey were osmea gdw exoltfy tgey usea ht bdr tgehr oloaenhls& `hvek tge bdffdwhk`

lgdhles: kdte.tomhk`& reberekle& dr`okhzhk`& hkterket irdwshk`& pdwerpdhkts& slgeaufes& phlture.

tomhk` kdtes(& oka reoahk`s+ \eldka& tge respdkaekts were osmea wgetger tgey o`reea dr

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ahso`reea whtg eolg db tge ?? stotenekts dk tghs fhst re`orahk` tge ebbelthvhty db toifets wgek ht

ldnes td oloaenhls+

?+ Qoifet gefps ne dr`okhze tghk`s H keea hk ny lfosses+9+ Qoifet hs ok ebbhlhekt tddf bdr kdte.tomhk` aurhk` lfoss

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Dk tge dtger goka& tgdse wgd aha kdt dwk toifets were osmea wgetger tgey wdufa use o

toifet bdr fehsure& oka $ dr bdr oloaenhls& hk tge evekt tgot tgey aha dwk dke+ Hb tgey aha ldkshaer

ushk` toifets bdr oloaenhl purpdses& tge respdkaekts were osmea wgot spelhbhl oloaenhl

olthvhthes tgey wdufa use tgehr toifets bdr& tge lgdhles ofsd iehk` tgdse `hvek td respdkaekts wgd

dwkea o toifet+ Kext& tgey were `hvek tge sone fhst db ?? stotenekts re`orahk` tge ebbelthvhty db

tge use db toifets bdr oloaenhls& oka were osmea wgetger tgey o`reea dr ahso`reea whtg tgese

stotenekts+ Qgey were ofsd osmea hb tge use db toifets wdufa ie ndre ebbhlhekt tgok tge troahthdkof

woy db stuayhk`+ Oka fostfy& tgese respdkaekts were osmea hb tgey ore ldktekt whtg tge woy tgey

stuay& oka hb tgey tghkm ushk` o toifet wdufa ie ietter bdr tgehr stuahes+

YE\UFQ\ " AH\LU\\HDK

Kunier db toifet dwkers per ldffe`e

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Hklfhkothdk db toifet use db stuaekts per ldffe`e

Qoifet use db stuaekts wgd dwks tgese `oa`ets

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Evofuothdk db toifet per ldffe`e wgd gove tgese `oa`ets

Qoifet use db stuaekts wgd ad kdt dwk tgese `oa`ets

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Evofuothdk db toifet per ldffe`e wgd ad kdt dwk tgese `oa`ets

Qge survey ldkshstea db o tdtof db 89 respdkaekts& whtg 97 respdkaekts brdn tge Ldffe`e

db \lhekle& 93 brdn tge Ldffe`e db Orts oka Fetters& 93 brdn tge Ldffe`e db Ek`hkeerhk`& oka 91

brdn tge Ldffe`e db \dlhof \lhekle oka Sghfdsdpgy+ Olldrahk` td tge resufts db tge survey& dkfy

98% db tge respdkaekts dwk o toifet+ Nojdrhty db tgdse wgd dwkea o toifet use ht bdr tgehr stuahes

oidut 7?%(+ Qge woy tge respdkaekts use tgehr toifets bdr oloaenhl purpdses sfh`gtfy ahbber

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brdn eolg ldffe`e+ Pghfe tge respdkaekts off use tgehr toifets nohkfy bdr hkterket irdwshk`&

vhewhk` ossh`kea reoahk`s bdr tgehr suijelts& oka os o sdurle db reberekles: ?( tgdse hk Ldffe`e db

\lhekle oka Ldffe`e db Orts oka Fetters use toifets bdr slgeaufhk`= 9( Ldffe`e db Ek`hkeerhk`

respdkaekts use toifets bdr SdwerSdhkt presektothdks wghfe tgdse hk Ldffe`e db Orts oka Fetters

rorefy use ht bdr tghs purpdse=

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Ldffe`e db \dlhof \lhekles oka Sghfdsdpgy(+ Kext& tge nojdrhty db tge tdtof respdkaekts hs ldktekt

whtg tge troahthdkof netgda db stuayhk` 22%(& oka o`rees tgot govhk` o toifet whff kdt hnprdve

tgehr `roaes 27%(+

Iosea dk tge `otgerea aoto& ht wos bduka tgot tge toifet reoffy ldktrhiutes td tge stuaekts

hk dr`okhzhk` oloaenhl noterhofs+ Ht wos bduka tgot toifets ore ebbelthve tddfs hk revhewhk` bdr

exons+ Os o notter db bolt& nojdrhty db tge respdkaekts soha tgot ht hs ok ebbhlhekt tddf bdr kdte.

tomhk` aurhk` lfosses+ Ht wos bduka dut tgot toifets ore usebuf bdr tge ouahtdry& vhsuof& dr tolthfe

feorker+ Iosea dk tge survey& toifets eklduro`e stuaekts& espelhoffy hk tge Ldffe`e db \lhekle& td

ad lrhthlof tghkmhk` olthvhthes sulg os okofyzhk`& or`uhk`& evofuothk`& oka expfohkhk`+ Ht ofsd gefps

stuaekts hk lreothk`& aesh`khk`& hno`hkhk`& oka hnprdvhshk` tghk`s+ Yespdkaekts soha tgot toifets

ore `dda hkstrunekts bdr meephk` oka reoahk` noterhofs+ Ht wos bduka tgot tge toifet obbelts gdw

stuaekts wdrm whtg dtgers td olgheve o ldnndk `dof iy osshsthk` hk offdlothk` resdurles&

irohkstdrnhk` oka aelhshdk nomhk`+

LDKLFU\HDK

Qge toifet gos o nufthtuae db beotures& sulg os hts hkterket.irdwshk`& pgdtd.lopturhk`& oka

kdte.tomhk` lopoihfhthes& ohnhk` td oha stuaekts hk tgehr oloaenhl ekaeovdrs+ \tuaekts brdn

ldffe`es tghs `rdup bdlusea dk& tge Ldffe`e db Orts oka Fetters& tge Ldffe`e db Ek`hkeerhk`& tge

Ldffe`e db \lhekle& oka tge Ldffe`e db \dlhof \lhekles " Sghfdsdpgy& ldkshaerea toifets os

ebbelthve tddfs bdr feorkhk`+ Ht ldufa ie kdtea tgot stuaekts brdn tgese ldffe`es uthfhze tgehr

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toifets dr pfok td& bdr tgdse whtgdut toifets( iy meephk` noterhofs tgey keea bdr slgddf hk tghs

pdrtoife oka eoshfy ollesshife aevhle+

Iut aesphte tgese terrhbhl beotures& ndst db tge stuaekts brdn tge obdrenekthdkea ldffe`es

sthff preber tge troahthdkof netgda db stuayhk`& ushk` peks& popers& oka iddms& dver ushk` toifets+

Dur reseorlg gos ofsd sgdwk tgot toifets ieldne o ahstrolthdk td tge stuaekts& tgus ghkaerhk`

tgen brdn iehk` prdaulthve& lreothk` o ke`othve ebbelt dk tgehr stuay goihts+

Ht hs tgerebdre prdper td ldklfuae tgot& hk sphte db tge toifets `reot beots& ndst stuaekts

wdufa rotger stuay troahthdkoffy os& toifets& bdr tgen& louse ndre gorn tgok `dda wgek ht ldnes

td oloaenhls+ Qge wdkaerbuf beotures db toifets wghlg wdufa suppdseafy gefp tge stuaekts ore

keutrofhzea iy hts lustdnhzoihfhty& os noky kdk.oloaenhl oppfhlothdks oka ekgoklenekts ldufa

ie hkstoffea& wghlg& hk turk& noy resuft td pddr oloaenhl perbdrnokle+

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YEBEYEKLE\

Seorsdk Bdukaothdk+ \urvey dk \tuaekts oka Qoifets 93?9+Pei6www+peorsdkbdukaothdk+dr`$adwkfdoas$SBTQoifetT\urveyT\unnoryT93?9+pab;+ 93

Norlg 93?

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Esnoquef& Soterkd HH+ '\efelt puifhl `roae slgddfs td use SLs+' @NO Kews Dkfhke+

@noketwdrm+ldn+ Pei 6gttp:$$www+`noketwdrm+ldn$kews$stdry$9?