olivier martin - 1/10/99 - slide 1 lcb computing workshop (marseille) network technology tracking u...

Olivier Martin - 1/10/99 - Slide 1

LCB Computing Workshop (Marseille)Network Technology Tracking

ATM Technologies and ServicesATM Technologies and Services StatusStatus ATM in Internet BackbonesATM in Internet Backbones

Technology Update Technology Update emerging “Terabit” routersemerging “Terabit” routers WDMWDM

IP related Technologies and ServicesIP related Technologies and Services StatusStatus Quality of Service (QoS)Quality of Service (QoS) High Speed file transferHigh Speed file transfer State of the InternetState of the Internet

» IAB workshopIAB workshop» Research and Academic networkingResearch and Academic networking

LHC Bandwidth RequirementsLHC Bandwidth Requirements Evolution of circuit costsEvolution of circuit costs


ATM Technologies and Services

ATM still ubiquitous in many large Internet backbones:ATM still ubiquitous in many large Internet backbones: Back in 1996, the fastest router and switch interfaces available were ATM Back in 1996, the fastest router and switch interfaces available were ATM

based based

ATM switch based core versus IP router based core.ATM switch based core versus IP router based core.

Packet over SONET (POS) now mature.Packet over SONET (POS) now mature. Higher speed interfaces available (e.g. 2.5Gbps)Higher speed interfaces available (e.g. 2.5Gbps)

Packet over WDM coming.Packet over WDM coming. There is nothing wrong with “cell based” switching, the problem is There is nothing wrong with “cell based” switching, the problem is

the availability of very high speed router interfaces (Segmentation the availability of very high speed router interfaces (Segmentation and Re-assembly (SAR)).and Re-assembly (SAR)).

However, the Internet is packet oriented, does “packet mode” ATM However, the Internet is packet oriented, does “packet mode” ATM make sense?make sense?


Technology Update

Emerging “Terabit” routers!Emerging “Terabit” routers! A number of startups are trying to beat Cisco, e.g.A number of startups are trying to beat Cisco, e.g.

Juniper, Avici, Nexabit, Pluris Juniper, Avici, Nexabit, Pluris vBNS, C&W, Uunet are using Juniper M40vBNS, C&W, Uunet are using Juniper M40 DANTE is testing Juniper as wellDANTE is testing Juniper as well

Fastest routers are still disappointingly slow (i.e. less than Fastest routers are still disappointingly slow (i.e. less than

100Gbps) .100Gbps) .

Breakthrough needed ((partly) optical router)?Breakthrough needed ((partly) optical router)?

Wave Division Multiplex (WDM)Wave Division Multiplex (WDM) evolving very fast (number of channels)evolving very fast (number of channels)


IP related Technologies and Services

Status Status » 622Mbps (OC-12c) common, 2.5Gbps (OC-48c) (almost) standard in large backbones,622Mbps (OC-12c) common, 2.5Gbps (OC-48c) (almost) standard in large backbones,

» 10Gbps (OC-192c) coming. 10Gbps (OC-192c) coming. Quality of Service (QoS)Quality of Service (QoS)

» intserv versus diffservintserv versus diffserv

» ATMATM

» community versus public Internets community versus public Internets High Speed file transferHigh Speed file transfer

» will remain problematic on high bandwidth*delay pathswill remain problematic on high bandwidth*delay paths

» could possibly conflict with strong security requirementscould possibly conflict with strong security requirements State of the InternetState of the Internet

» IAB workshopIAB workshop

» Research and Academic networkingResearch and Academic networking


Quality of Service (QoS)

Two approaches proposed by the IETF:Two approaches proposed by the IETF:» integrated services (intserv),integrated services (intserv),

intserv is an end-to-end architecture based on RSVP that has intserv is an end-to-end architecture based on RSVP that has poor scaling properties.poor scaling properties.

» differentiated services (diffserv).differentiated services (diffserv). diffserv is a newer and simpler proposal that has much better diffserv is a newer and simpler proposal that has much better

chances to get deployed in some real Internet Service Providers chances to get deployed in some real Internet Service Providers environments, at least.environments, at least.

ATM is far from dead, of course, but it has serious scaling ATM is far from dead, of course, but it has serious scaling difficulties.difficulties.

MPLS is promising.MPLS is promising. In the meantime, community Internets will remain the best In the meantime, community Internets will remain the best

solution.solution.


Internet Access Models

CERN

STARTAP

Japan

CommodityInternet

Canada ESnet

MRENvBNS

Abilene

TEN-155

CIXP

CERN PoPUSA

JANET

DFN

SURFNET

Mission oriented


Evolution of circuit costs

LHC Bandwidth RequirementsLHC Bandwidth Requirements 622 Mbps between CERN and some (or all) LHC regional centers by 622 Mbps between CERN and some (or all) LHC regional centers by

2003-20052003-2005 Evolution of circuit costsEvolution of circuit costs

3 scenarios3 scenarios

» conservative (-15% per year)conservative (-15% per year)» plausible (-33% per year)plausible (-33% per year)» optimistic (-50% per year)optimistic (-50% per year)

Optimistic scenario excepted, there seems to be no other way Optimistic scenario excepted, there seems to be no other way to reach the LHC target than to significantly increase the to reach the LHC target than to significantly increase the budget (factor 3 to 5), depending on the year of delivery.budget (factor 3 to 5), depending on the year of delivery.

Evolution of circuit costs


WAN price evolution (-15% average from 1999)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Ban

dw

idth

(M

bp

s)

1.6MCHF

2MCHF

2.5MCHF

3MCHF


Conclusions Multiple 622Mbps circuits will be possible.Multiple 622Mbps circuits will be possible.

almost there today but make sure the “c” is not missing (i.e. almost there today but make sure the “c” is not missing (i.e. OC-12c (622Mbps) vs OC-12 (4*155Mbps)).OC-12c (622Mbps) vs OC-12 (4*155Mbps)).

Cost may be problematic (5-10MCHF per circuit).Cost may be problematic (5-10MCHF per circuit). Very high speed LAN implied.Very high speed LAN implied. Gigabit/second file transfer on high bandwidth*delay paths Gigabit/second file transfer on high bandwidth*delay paths

problematic.problematic. The public Internet as well as national research networks are The public Internet as well as national research networks are

evolving in a way nobody can predict.evolving in a way nobody can predict. This will have a profound impact on LHC This will have a profound impact on LHC

Full 1999 Network Technology Tracking Team Report available at:Full 1999 Network Technology Tracking Team Report available at: http://network.cern.ch/public/studies/nt3/nt3-1999.dochttp://network.cern.ch/public/studies/nt3/nt3-1999.doc http://network.cern.ch/public/studies/nt3/nt3-1999.htmlhttp://network.cern.ch/public/studies/nt3/nt3-1999.html


Background Material

Main Internet connectionsMain Internet connections

Telecom Operators & ISPsTelecom Operators & ISPs

CERN Internet eXchange Point (CIXP)CERN Internet eXchange Point (CIXP)

CERN GigaPoP (August 1999)CERN GigaPoP (August 1999)

C&W (Chicago) Colocation Status (August 99)C&W (Chicago) Colocation Status (August 99)

STAR TAP access model STAR TAP access model

STAR TAP STAR TAP


Main Internet connections@CERN

RENATER (French Academic & Research Network).RENATER (French Academic & Research Network).

SWITCH Next Generation (Swiss Academic & Research SWITCH Next Generation (Swiss Academic & Research

Network (supplied by diAx)). Network (supplied by diAx)).

TEN-155 (Trans-European Network - 155 Mb/s).TEN-155 (Trans-European Network - 155 Mb/s).

Combined CERN-SWITCH access (25% CERN, I.e. 40Mbps)Combined CERN-SWITCH access (25% CERN, I.e. 40Mbps)

US Line consortium (USLIC)US Line consortium (USLIC)

CERN, US/HEP (via Caltech & DoE), Canada/HEP (via Carleton)CERN, US/HEP (via Caltech & DoE), Canada/HEP (via Carleton)

IN2P3 (CCPN Lyon).IN2P3 (CCPN Lyon).

World Health Organization (WHO).World Health Organization (WHO).


Telecom Operators & ISPs@CERN

France Telecom fiber installed 2*OC48 (2.4 Gbps).France Telecom fiber installed 2*OC48 (2.4 Gbps). Swisscom 2*OC12 (622 Mb/s) redundant SDH local Swisscom 2*OC12 (622 Mb/s) redundant SDH local

loop installed.loop installed. New Telecom Operators DiaX, SIG/Thermelec, New Telecom Operators DiaX, SIG/Thermelec,

SUNRISE, MCI/Worldcom, Carrier1, Multilink(*), SUNRISE, MCI/Worldcom, Carrier1, Multilink(*), SmartPhone(*).SmartPhone(*).

More Telcos expected to come (e.g. COLT) More Telcos expected to come (e.g. COLT) 20+ Commercial Internet Service Providers (ISP)20+ Commercial Internet Service Providers (ISP)


CERN Internet eXchange Point (CIXP)

RENATER

USLIC

IN2P3

TEN-155

US Internet

ATM Test Beds

SWITCH

FDDI

FDDI

Catalyst 5505

Transparent WEB Cache

Fast Ethernet

Carrier1

GlobalOne

HP

IBM

EUnet

Sunrise/BT

Petrel

IProLink/PSInet

SwisscomIP-Plus

AT&T

WisperINS

Switched EthernetAFstats FDDI

EBONE

ISDnet

SKYcacheDeckpoint

Bloomberg


CERN GigaPoP (August 1999)

CERN

RENATER

C-IXP

SwissWAN

WHO

TEN-155

C&W

SWITCH

39/155 Mb/s

6 Mb/s2Mb/s

100

Mb/

s

20Mb/s100 Mb/s155 Mb/s

National Research Networks

Mission Oriented Link

Public

Test

Commercial

IN2P3

2Mb/s


C&W (Chicago) Co-location Status (August 99)

C&W Internet

ST

AR

TA

P

C&W (Chicago)

CERN-USA

LS1010

CERN (Geneva)

STM-1

CERNH8

LS1010

T3

C&W T3E3


STAR TAP access model

CERN

C&W (ATMVBR-nrt)

C&WChicago

STARTAP

Japan

C&W Internet

Canada ESnet

MRENvBNS

Abilene


STAR TAP STAR TAP (Science Technology & Research Transit STAR TAP (Science Technology & Research Transit

Access Point) is one of three Internet eXchange Points Access Point) is one of three Internet eXchange Points provided by AADS (Ameritech Advanced Data Services) provided by AADS (Ameritech Advanced Data Services) out of a huge ATM switch, namely:out of a huge ATM switch, namely:

» Chicago NAPChicago NAP

» MREN (Metropolitan Research and Education Network), the MREN (Metropolitan Research and Education Network), the local Internet2 GigaPoP.local Internet2 GigaPoP.

» STAR TAPSTAR TAP A by-product is a full mesh of ATM VC with ALL the A by-product is a full mesh of ATM VC with ALL the

connected ISPs, thus making it easy to establish connected ISPs, thus making it easy to establish peerings and/ot to buy commercial Internet services peerings and/ot to buy commercial Internet services (e.g. NAP.NET).(e.g. NAP.NET).

olivier martin - 1/10/99 - slide 1 lcb computing workshop (marseille) network technology tracking u...

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