offerings in the old testament
DESCRIPTION
Offerings In The Old TestamentTRANSCRIPT
GRATITUDE AND MUCH MOREin the Old Testament
Aniel BarbeStewardship Ministries and Trust Services
SIDCategory: Mainstreaming of Stewardship Education
OFFERINGS IN WORLD RELIGIONS
Common Motive:
Supplying the needs of the gods in order to win or preserve their favours.
Objectives of Presentation
• Explore the practice of offerings among God’s people.
• Broaden our understanding of offerings.
• Transform our Practice
PLAN
• Sacrificial Expiatory Offerings
• Sacrifices as Offerings
• Other Offerings
• Special Offerings
I. Sacrificial Expiatory Offerings
• Sin-offering (Leviticus 4)
• Guilt offering (Leviticus 5)
• Offerings (Numbers 5:9;18:8)
terumah: donate, set aside
I. Sacrificial Expiatory Offerings
The Power to Forgive- It does not lie in the offerings or in
the one making the offerings but in God alone.
- The God who forgives has allocated these functions to sacrifices. (Lev. 17:11; 4:26,31)
- Inefficiency of Animals (Ps 51:16 Heb. 10)
- Inefficiency of Human’s Ransom (Ps 49:7-9)
I.Sacrificial Expiatory Offerings
Objectives • To point to God as the One who
expiates sin.
• To acknowledge both the great « Offerer » and the great « Offering »
Isaiah 53:10 « His life a guilt offering »
II. Sacrifices as Offerings
Burnt Offerings
Peace Offerings
Burnt Offerings
Leviticus 1:3-17
- No part for the priest- No part for the « offerer »- All surrendered to the Lord
(Leviticus 1:9)
Burnt Offerings
Leviticus 1:3-17
It is called “Qorban”
Verb Qarab: come near, approach
Burnt Offerings
Leviticus 1:3-17Various types of animals:
• Young bull, v.3• Sheep and goats, v.10• Dove, v. 14
Burnt Offerings
Leviticus 1:3-17Various types of animals:
- Offerings cost something.
- Not everyone is expected to give the same amount but their best.
Burnt Offerings
Other FunctionsLeviticus 22: 17-20
- Votive : in fulfilment of a vow.
- Freewill: Voluntary offering, out of devotion, an expression of love to God.
Peace Offerings
Leviticus 3:1-17
Different from Burnt Offering
• Could be a female• Most flesh given back
Peace Offerings
Leviticus 3:12-16Three Types- Votive- Freewill- Thanksgiving (todah: Praise
after experiencing deliverance from danger)
III. Other Offerings
• The Meal Offering/minchah
• The First Fruit Offering
• Offering from the Spoils of War
The Meal Offering/Minchah
Minchah: - A gift given to a superior
someone who is recognized as a master or ruler over the person bringing the gift ( Judges 3:15; 2 Samuel 8:2,6)
- Yahweh is the covenant Lord, we are His subjects.
- The people recognize the Lordship of God.
The First FruitLev. 23:9-11;Num. 18:12,13; Deut. 18:4; 26:1-11The Functions- A thanksgiving offering- To support the priesthood
(Deut. 18: 3-5)- The very best of the harvest;
not the surplus.- God was first in the life of the
worshipper.
The First FruitThe Functions
- Recognize God as the source of all bounty.
- Acknowledge Him as the owner of the land (Deut. 26:10)
- Celebrate Him as the one who fulfilled His promises ( Deut. 26:3,8-10)
- A reminder of their deliverance from Egypt ( Deut. 26: 8-10)
War Offering
Numbers 31:29,41,52Several terms are used:
Mekes: Cultic dues or levyTerumah: a giftQorban: who is brought near
God has given the victory.
IV. Special Offerings
- Building of the Tabernacle
- Rebuilding of the Temple
- Reparation of the Temple
- Dedication of the altar and the sanctuary.
- Offerings during Pilgrimage
Building of the TabernacleTerumah
Requested from each individual. Ex. 25:2
Freewill offering Ex. 36:3 «Heart prompted » offering.
Nadab = urge, give voluntarily Ex. 25:2; 35:5
« Whose heart was lifted » Ex. 35:21
Brought from their possessions. Ex. 35:5
Reconstruction of the Temple
Terumah
- Received gifts from neighbours to rebuild the temple. Ezra 1:6
- King advisors, officers, group of exiles make donation. Ezra 8:25
- Careful Record of this offering. Ezra 8:26-30
Reparation of the TempleMaseth
2 Chronicles 24:6,9,10- Time of King Joash- A chest outside the temple- Joyful, freewill offering
Nasa: to carry, to lift
Dedication of Altar and Sanctuary
Numbers 7
- Qorban from each tribe. V.3
- For the operations of the sanctuary service
Offering During Pilgrimage
Deuteronomy 16:16
• 3 Times a Year: Unleavened Bread, Weeks, Tabernacles
• Always come with an offering « mattanah » verb:nathan
Offering During Pilgrimage
Deuteronomy 16: 17
No man should appear before the LORD empty-handed. Each of you must bring a gift in proportion to the way the Lord your God has blessed you.
The Three PrinciplesPrinciple 1« No man should appear before the LORD empty-handed. »Offering has a place in collective worship Principle 2« Each of you must bring a gift in proportion (like) … »The amount will differ from one person to another.Principle 3
« The Lord your God has blessed you. »Divine giving precedes our giving. We act in response to God’s love
Beware of Not Bringing an Appropriate Offering!
Malachi 3: 8
“Will a mere mortal rob God?Yet you rob me. “But you ask, ‘How are we robbing you?’ “In tithes and offerings.
OUR VISION
All in full partnership with Him, accomplishing the
final mission.
END