Ocean and Climatehttp://climatekids.nasa.gov/ocean/

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qeZgJzt3m04

Eric AngatTeacher

Essential Question

How do the oceans influence the climate?

Warm 0° (tropics)

temperate

Cold ( tundra)

temperate

Cold ( tundra

Uneven distribution of light because Earth is tilted.

Desert 30°

Desert 30°

1. How do ocean currents work?

Ocean currents work because of density differences and temperature. This leads to the CONVECTION CURRENT IN THE OCEAN or Global Conveyor Belt.

WARM WATER RISES (convection)

COLD WATER SINKS (convection)

WARM WATER IS LESS DENSE THAN COLD WATER. That is why it rises.

2. What are the three types of heat transfer and how do they travel?

Conduction (solids)

Through metals

Radiation

Through nothing like sunlight through space.

Convection (fluids)

Through fluids (liquids and

gases).

Warm air rises

3. Which type of heat transfer moves warm water away from the equator?A conductionB convectionC radiationD inversion

4. How did marlin get to Sydney, Australia?

Marlin with his new friends travelled through the Global conveyor belt.

5. What causes global warming?

6. How many percent of Earth is covered with water?7. How many percent of Earth’s water is in the ocean?8.How many percent of Earth’s water is freshwater? Think!

Freshwater includes polar ice, groundwater, lake, river, pond, water vapor.

Our world is a water world. The ocean covers 70% of Earth's surface. The average depth of the ocean is 2 or 3 miles. In some places, the ocean is deeper than the tallest mountains are high! The ocean contains about 97% of all the water on Earth.

In the ocean, all creatures depend on the supply of plankton (tiny plants and animals) at the bottom of the food chain.

9. Why are planktons important in the food chain?

10. What is coral bleaching?11. What is the connection between global warming and coral bleaching?

When the algae dies because of warm temperature, the coral dies too. This is called coral bleaching.

The coral work with algae . The algae make food for itself and the coral. The coral provide the algae a safe and sunny place to live.

The ocean absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere wherever air meets water. Wind causes waves and giving more opportunity for the water to absorb the carbon dioxide.

12. How do the ocean absorb carbon dioxide?

13. Classify the following as either acid or base.a.Vinegar is ____________b.Tomato juice is ___________c.Pure water is _____________d.Ocean water is _____________e.Ammonia is _______________

14. What is causing the ocean to become acidic?

Normally, ocean water is less acidic than fresh water. Unfortunately, as the ocean absorbs more and more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, it becomes more acidic.

Neutral=7pH Scale

Classify the following as either acid or alkaline/base.a.Vinegar is ____________b.Tomato juice is ___________c.Pure water is _____________d.Ocean water is _____________e.Ammonia is _______________14. What is causing the ocean to become acidic?

acidacid

neutralAlkaline or base

Slightly alkaline or base

It is absorbing too much carbon dioxide that becomes carbonic acid.

15. Describe the water coming from the equator? 16. Describe the water coming from the pole?

17. Warmer water and less salty water are ___________(heavier, lighter) than Colder water and very salty water .

lighter

Warm

Cold

The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt carries warmer, less salty water from the equator to the poles, and colder, saltier water from the poles back toward the equator. Colder water and very salty water are heavier than warmer water and less salty water.

Ocean Currents

Global Ocean Conveyor Belt

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qeZgJzt3m04

18. How is the balance of heat energy maintained in the oceans? A. The sun’s energy is equally distributed

throughout the oceans. B. The tides transfer heat energy across the

oceans. C. The movement of waves transfers heat

energy throughout the oceans. D. Heat energy is cycled by currents

between the equator and the polar regions.

19. What happens to ocean water as temperature increases?

A The salinity decreases.B The density decreases.C The oxygen content increases.D The surface tension expands.

In convection current, warm become lighter and rises. Lighter means lower density.

20. What happens to ocean salinity as temperature increases?

A The salinity decreases.B The density increases.C The oxygen content increases.D The surface tension expands.

Higher temperature means faster evaporation of water. Salt does not evaporate, so more salt and less water which means higher density.

21. The ocean is becoming more acidic and aquatic organisms are dying because___.A.the atmosphere has too much

carbon dioxide causing global climate change.

B.the ocean absorbing too much carbon dioxide from the atmosphere than it can use.

Greenhouse gases cause greenhouse effect that makes our planet warmer.

Carbon dioxide and methane from point and non-point source pollution.

Carbon dioxide and methane causes greenhouse effect, warmer temperature.

Polar ice caps melts releasing freshwater into the ocean.

The ocean become less salty and less dense causing the Ocean Global Conveyor belt to be disrupted.

Since the oceans influence our climate, this disruption cause GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE.

22. Global warming is causing global climate change because ____.A. polar ice caps are melting making

the ocean less salty and less dense.B. Global temperature is rising

rapidly.C. the Global conveyor belt is

disrupted.D. All of the above.

23. What are the two main gases that causes greenhouse effect?

A.carbon dioxide and methaneB.Nitrogen and oxygenC.Silicon and ironD.Magnesium and carbon

Methane is 10x more potent than CO2, but there is a lot more CO2 in the atmosphere than methane.

Which type of heat transfer moves warm water from the Gulf of Mexico and cold water away from the Atlantic?A. conductionB. radiationC. convectionD. inversion