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Exploring Kenya’s Inequality

A PUBLICATION OF KNBS AND SID

© 2013 Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) and Society for International Development (SID)

ISBN – 978 - 9966 - 029 - 18 - 8

With funding from DANIDA through Drivers of Accountability Programme

The publication, however, remains the sole responsibility of the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) and the Society for International Development (SID).

Written by: Eston Ngugi

Data and tables generation: Samuel Kipruto

Paul Samoei

Maps generation: George Matheka Kamula

Technical Input and Editing: Katindi Sivi-Njonjo

Jason Lakin

Copy Editing: Ali Nadim Zaidi

Leonard Wanyama

Design, Print and Publishing: Ascent Limited

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form, or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior express and written permission of the publishers. Any part of this publication may be freely reviewed or quoted provided the source is duly acknowledged. It may not be sold or used for commercial purposes or for profit.

Kenya National Bureau of Statistics

P.O. Box 30266-00100 Nairobi, Kenya

Email: [email protected] Website: www.knbs.or.ke

Society for International Development – East Africa

P.O. Box 2404-00100 Nairobi, Kenya

Email: [email protected] | Website: www.sidint.net

Published by

iii

Pulling Apart or Pooling Together?

Table of contents Table of contents iii

Foreword iv

Acknowledgements v

Striking features on inter-county inequalities in Kenya vi

List of Figures viii

List Annex Tables ix

Abbreviations xi

Introduction 2

Nyeri County 9

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ForewordKenya, like all African countries, focused on poverty alleviation at independence, perhaps due to the level of

vulnerability of its populations but also as a result of the ‘trickle down’ economic discourses of the time, which

assumed that poverty rather than distribution mattered – in other words, that it was only necessary to concentrate

on economic growth because, as the country grew richer, this wealth would trickle down to benefit the poorest

sections of society. Inequality therefore had a very low profile in political, policy and scholarly discourses. In

recent years though, social dimensions such as levels of access to education, clean water and sanitation are

important in assessing people’s quality of life. Being deprived of these essential services deepens poverty and

reduces people’s well-being. Stark differences in accessing these essential services among different groups

make it difficult to reduce poverty even when economies are growing. According to the Economist (June 1, 2013),

a 1% increase in incomes in the most unequal countries produces a mere 0.6 percent reduction in poverty. In the

most equal countries, the same 1% growth yields a 4.3% reduction in poverty. Poverty and inequality are thus part

of the same problem, and there is a strong case to be made for both economic growth and redistributive policies.

From this perspective, Kenya’s quest in vision 2030 to grow by 10% per annum must also ensure that inequality

is reduced along the way and all people benefit equitably from development initiatives and resources allocated.

Since 2004, the Society for International Development (SID) and Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) have

collaborated to spearhead inequality research in Kenya. Through their initial publications such as ‘Pulling Apart:

Facts and Figures on Inequality in Kenya,’ which sought to present simple facts about various manifestations

of inequality in Kenya, the understanding of Kenyans of the subject was deepened and a national debate on

the dynamics, causes and possible responses started. The report ‘Geographic Dimensions of Well-Being in

Kenya: Who and Where are the Poor?’ elevated the poverty and inequality discourse further while the publication

‘Readings on Inequality in Kenya: Sectoral Dynamics and Perspectives’ presented the causality, dynamics and

other technical aspects of inequality.

KNBS and SID in this publication go further to present monetary measures of inequality such as expenditure

patterns of groups and non-money metric measures of inequality in important livelihood parameters like

employment, education, energy, housing, water and sanitation to show the levels of vulnerability and patterns of

unequal access to essential social services at the national, county, constituency and ward levels.

We envisage that this work will be particularly helpful to county leaders who are tasked with the responsibility

of ensuring equitable social and economic development while addressing the needs of marginalized groups

and regions. We also hope that it will help in informing public engagement with the devolution process and

be instrumental in formulating strategies and actions to overcome exclusion of groups or individuals from the

benefits of growth and development in Kenya.

It is therefore our great pleasure to present ‘Exploring Kenya’s inequality: Pulling apart or pooling together?’

Ali Hersi Society for International Development (SID) Regional Director

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AcknowledgementsKenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) and Society for International Development (SID) are grateful

to all the individuals directly involved in the publication of ‘Exploring Kenya’s Inequality: Pulling Apart or

Pulling Together?’ books. Special mention goes to Zachary Mwangi (KNBS, Ag. Director General) and

Ali Hersi (SID, Regional Director) for their institutional leadership; Katindi Sivi-Njonjo (SID, Progrmme

Director) and Paul Samoei (KNBS) for the effective management of the project; Eston Ngugi; Tabitha

Wambui Mwangi; Joshua Musyimi; Samuel Kipruto; George Kamula; Jason Lakin; Ali Zaidi; Leonard

Wanyama; and Irene Omari for the different roles played in the completion of these publications.

KNBS and SID would like to thank Bernadette Wanjala (KIPPRA), Mwende Mwendwa (KIPPRA), Raphael

Munavu (CRA), Moses Sichei (CRA), Calvin Muga (TISA), Chrispine Oduor (IEA), John T. Mukui, Awuor

Ponge (IPAR, Kenya), Othieno Nyanjom, Mary Muyonga (SID), Prof. John Oucho (AMADPOC), Ms. Ada

Mwangola (Vision 2030 Secretariat), Kilian Nyambu (NCIC), Charles Warria (DAP), Wanjiru Gikonyo

(TISA) and Martin Napisa (NTA), for attending the peer review meetings held on 3rd October 2012 and

Thursday, 28th Feb 2013 and for making invaluable comments that went into the initial production and

the finalisation of the books. Special mention goes to Arthur Muliro, Wambui Gathathi, Con Omore,

Andiwo Obondoh, Peter Gunja, Calleb Okoyo, Dennis Mutabazi, Leah Thuku, Jackson Kitololo, Yvonne

Omwodo and Maureen Bwisa for their institutional support and administrative assistance throughout the

project. The support of DANIDA through the Drivers of Accountability Project in Kenya is also gratefully

acknowledged.

Stefano PratoManaging Director,SID

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Striking Features on Intra-County Inequality in Kenya Inequalities within counties in all the variables are extreme. In many cases, Kenyans living within a

single county have completely different lifestyles and access to services.

Income/expenditure inequalities1. The five counties with the worst income inequality (measured as a ratio of the top to the bottom

decile) are in Coast. The ratio of expenditure by the wealthiest to the poorest is 20 to one and above

in Lamu, Tana River, Kwale, and Kilifi. This means that those in the top decile have 20 times as much

expenditure as those in the bottom decile. This is compared to an average for the whole country of

nine to one.

2. Another way to look at income inequality is to compare the mean expenditure per adult across

wards within a county. In 44 of the 47 counties, the mean expenditure in the poorest wards is less

than 40 percent the mean expenditure in the wealthiest wards within the county. In both Kilifi and

Kwale, the mean expenditure in the poorest wards (Garashi and Ndavaya, respectively) is less than

13 percent of expenditure in the wealthiest ward in the county.

3. Of the five poorest counties in terms of mean expenditure, four are in the North (Mandera, Wajir,

Turkana and Marsabit) and the last is in Coast (Tana River). However, of the five most unequal

counties, only one (Marsabit County) is in the North (looking at ratio of mean expenditure in richest

to poorest ward). The other four most unequal counties by this measure are: Kilifi, Kwale, Kajiado

and Kitui.

4. If we look at Gini coefficients for the whole county, the most unequal counties are also in Coast:

Tana River (.631), Kwale (.604), and Kilifi (.570).

5. The most equal counties by income measure (ratio of top decile to bottom) are: Narok, West Pokot,

Bomet, Nandi and Nairobi. Using the ratio of average income in top to bottom ward, the five most

equal counties are: Kirinyaga, Samburu, Siaya, Nyandarua, Narok.

Access to Education6. Major urban areas in Kenya have high education levels but very large disparities. Mombasa, Nairobi

and Kisumu all have gaps between highest and lowest wards of nearly 50 percentage points in

share of residents with secondary school education or higher levels.

7. In the 5 most rural counties (Baringo, Siaya, Pokot, Narok and Tharaka Nithi), education levels

are lower but the gap, while still large, is somewhat lower than that espoused in urban areas. On

average, the gap in these 5 counties between wards with highest share of residents with secondary

school or higher and those with the lowest share is about 26 percentage points.

8. The most extreme difference in secondary school education and above is in Kajiado County where

the top ward (Ongata Rongai) has nearly 59 percent of the population with secondary education

plus, while the bottom ward (Mosiro) has only 2 percent.

9. One way to think about inequality in education is to compare the number of people with no education

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to those with some education. A more unequal county is one that has large numbers of both. Isiolo

is the most unequal county in Kenya by this measure, with 51 percent of the population having

no education, and 49 percent with some. This is followed by West Pokot at 55 percent with no

education and 45 percent with some, and Tana River at 56 percent with no education and 44 with

some.

Access to Improved Sanitation10. Kajiado County has the highest gap between wards with access to improved sanitation. The best

performing ward (Ongata Rongai) has 89 percent of residents with access to improved sanitation

while the worst performing ward (Mosiro) has 2 percent of residents with access to improved

sanitation, a gap of nearly 87 percentage points.

11. There are 9 counties where the gap in access to improved sanitation between the best and worst

performing wards is over 80 percentage points. These are Baringo, Garissa, Kajiado, Kericho, Kilifi,

Machakos, Marsabit, Nyandarua and West Pokot.

Access to Improved Sources of Water 12. In all of the 47 counties, the highest gap in access to improved water sources between the county

with the best access to improved water sources and the least is over 45 percentage points. The

most severe gaps are in Mandera, Garissa, Marsabit, (over 99 percentage points), Kilifi (over 98

percentage points) and Wajir (over 97 percentage points).

Access to Improved Sources of Lighting13. The gaps within counties in access to electricity for lighting are also enormous. In most counties

(29 out of 47), the gap between the ward with the most access to electricity and the least access

is more than 40 percentage points. The most severe disparities between wards are in Mombasa

(95 percentage point gap between highest and lowest ward), Garissa (92 percentage points), and

Nakuru (89 percentage points).

Access to Improved Housing14. The highest extreme in this variable is found in Baringo County where all residents in Silale ward live

in grass huts while no one in Ravine ward in the same county lives in grass huts.

Overall ranking of the variables15. Overall, the counties with the most income inequalities as measured by the gini coefficient are Tana

River, Kwale, Kilifi, Lamu, Migori and Busia. However, the counties that are consistently mentioned

among the most deprived hence have the lowest access to essential services compared to others

across the following nine variables i.e. poverty, mean household expenditure, education, work for

pay, water, sanitation, cooking fuel, access to electricity and improved housing are Mandera (8

variables), Wajir (8 variables), Turkana (7 variables) and Marsabit (7 variables).

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Abbreviations

AMADPOC African Migration and Development Policy Centre

CRA Commission on Revenue Allocation

DANIDA Danish International Development Agency

DAP Drivers of Accountability Programme

EAs Enumeration Areas

HDI Human Development Index

IBP International Budget Partnership

IEA Institute of Economic Affairs

IPAR Institute of Policy Analysis and Research

KIHBS Kenya Intergraded Household Budget Survey

KIPPRA Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis

KNBS Kenya National Bureau of Statistics

LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas

NCIC National Cohesion and Integration Commission

NTA National Taxpayers Association

PCA Principal Component Analysis

SAEs Small Area Estimation

SID Society for International Development

TISA The Institute for Social Accountability

VIP latrine Ventilated-Improved Pit latrine

VOCs Volatile Organic Carbons

WDR World Development Report

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IntroductionBackgroundFor more than half a century many people in the development sector in Kenya have worked at alleviating

extreme poverty so that the poorest people can access basic goods and services for survival like food,

safe drinking water, sanitation, shelter and education. However when the current national averages are

disaggregated there are individuals and groups that still lag too behind. As a result, the gap between

the rich and the poor, urban and rural areas, among ethnic groups or between genders reveal huge

disparities between those who are well endowed and those who are deprived.

According to the world inequality statistics, Kenya was ranked 103 out of 169 countries making it the

66th most unequal country in the world. Kenya’s Inequality is rooted in its history, politics, economics

and social organization and manifests itself in the lack of access to services, resources, power, voice

and agency. Inequality continues to be driven by various factors such as: social norms, behaviours and

practices that fuel discrimination and obstruct access at the local level and/ or at the larger societal

level; the fact that services are not reaching those who are most in need of them due to intentional or

unintentional barriers; the governance, accountability, policy or legislative issues that do not favor equal

opportunities for the disadvantaged; and economic forces i.e. the unequal control of productive assets

by the different socio-economic groups.

According to the 2005 report on the World Social Situation, sustained poverty reduction cannot be

achieved unless equality of opportunity and access to basic services is ensured. Reducing inequality

must therefore be explicitly incorporated in policies and programmes aimed at poverty reduction. In

addition, specific interventions may be required, such as: affirmative action; targeted public investments

in underserved areas and sectors; access to resources that are not conditional; and a conscious effort

to ensure that policies and programmes implemented have to provide equitable opportunities for all.

This chapter presents the basic concepts on inequality and poverty, methods used for analysis,

justification and choice of variables on inequality. The analysis is based on the 2009 Kenya housing

and population census while the 2006 Kenya integrated household budget survey is combined with

census to estimate poverty and inequality measures from the national to the ward level. Tabulation of

both money metric measures of inequality such as mean expenditure and non-money metric measures

of inequality in important livelihood parameters like, employment, education, energy, housing, water

and sanitation are presented. These variables were selected from the census data and analyzed in

detail and form the core of the inequality reports. Other variables such as migration or health indicators

like mortality, fertility etc. are analyzed and presented in several monographs by Kenya National Bureau

of Statistics and were therefore left out of this report.

MethodologyGini-coefficient of inequalityThis is the most commonly used measure of inequality. The coefficient varies between ‘0’, which reflects

complete equality and ‘1’ which indicates complete inequality. Graphically, the Gini coefficient can be

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easily represented by the area between the Lorenz curve and the line of equality. On the figure below,

the Lorenz curve maps the cumulative income share on the vertical axis against the distribution of the

population on the horizontal axis. The Gini coefficient is calculated as the area (A) divided by the sum

of areas (A and B) i.e. A/(A+B). If A=0 the Gini coefficient becomes 0 which means perfect equality,

whereas if B=0 the Gini coefficient becomes 1 which means complete inequality. Let xi be a point on

the X-axis, and yi a point on the Y-axis, the Gini coefficient formula is:

�=

�� +��=N

iiiii yyxxGini

111 ))((1 .

An Illustration of the Lorenz Curve

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

LORENZ CURVE

Cum

ulat

ive

% o

f Exp

endi

ture

Cumulative % of Population

A

B

Small Area Estimation (SAE)The small area problem essentially concerns obtaining reliable estimates of quantities of interest —

totals or means of study variables, for example — for geographical regions, when the regional sample

sizes are small in the survey data set. In the context of small area estimation, an area or domain

becomes small when its sample size is too small for direct estimation of adequate precision. If the

regional estimates are to be obtained by the traditional direct survey estimators, based only on the

sample data from the area of interest itself, small sample sizes lead to undesirably large standard errors

for them. For instance, due to their low precision the estimates might not satisfy the generally accepted

publishing criteria in official statistics. It may even happen that there are no sample members at all from

some areas, making the direct estimation impossible. All this gives rise to the need of special small area

estimation methodology.

Most of KNBS surveys were designed to provide statistically reliable, design-based estimates only at

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the national, provincial and district levels such as the Kenya Intergraded Household Budget Survey

of 2005/06 (KIHBS). The sheer practical difficulties and cost of implementing and conducting sample

surveys that would provide reliable estimates at levels finer than the district were generally prohibitive,

both in terms of the increased sample size required and in terms of the added burden on providers of

survey data (respondents). However through SAE and using the census and other survey datasets,

accurate small area poverty estimates for 2009 for all the counties are obtainable.

The sample in the 2005/06 KIHBS, which was a representative subset of the population, collected

detailed information regarding consumption expenditures. The survey gives poverty estimate of urban

and rural poverty at the national level, the provincial level and, albeit with less precision, at the district

level. However, the sample sizes of such household surveys preclude estimation of meaningful poverty

measures for smaller areas such as divisions, locations or wards. Data collected through censuses

are sufficiently large to provide representative measurements below the district level such as divisions,

locations and sub-locations. However, this data does not contain the detailed information on consumption

expenditures required to estimate poverty indicators. In small area estimation methodology, the first step

of the analysis involves exploring the relationship between a set of characteristics of households and

the welfare level of the same households, which has detailed information about household expenditure

and consumption. A regression equation is then estimated to explain daily per capita consumption

and expenditure of a household using a number of socio-economic variables such as household size,

education levels, housing characteristics and access to basic services.

While the census does not contain household expenditure data, it does contain these socio-economic

variables. Therefore, it will be possible to statistically impute household expenditures for the census

households by applying the socio-economic variables from the census data on the estimated

relationship based on the survey data. This will give estimates of the welfare level of all households

in the census, which in turn allows for estimation of the proportion of households that are poor and

other poverty measures for relatively small geographic areas. To determine how many people are

poor in each area, the study would then utilize the 2005/06 monetary poverty lines for rural and urban

households respectively. In terms of actual process, the following steps were undertaken:

Cluster Matching: Matching of the KIHBS clusters, which were created using the 1999 Population and

Housing Census Enumeration Areas (EA) to 2009 Population and Housing Census EAs. The purpose

was to trace the KIBHS 2005/06 clusters to the 2009 Enumeration Areas.

Zero Stage: The first step of the analysis involved finding out comparable variables from the survey

(Kenya Integrated Household Budget 2005/06) and the census (Kenya 2009 Population and Housing

Census). This required the use of the survey and census questionnaires as well as their manuals.

First Stage (Consumption Model): This stage involved the use of regression analysis to explore the

relationship between an agreed set of characteristics in the household and the consumption levels of

the same households from the survey data. The regression equation was then used to estimate and

explain daily per capita consumption and expenditure of households using socio-economic variables

such as household size, education levels, housing characteristics and access to basic services, and

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other auxiliary variables. While the census did not contain household expenditure data, it did contain

these socio-economic variables.

Second Stage (Simulation): Analysis at this stage involved statistical imputation of household

expenditures for the census households, by applying the socio-economic variables from the census

data on the estimated relationship based on the survey data.

Identification of poor households Principal Component Analysis (PCA)In order to attain the objective of the poverty targeting in this study, the household needed to be

established. There are three principal indicators of welfare; household income; household consumption

expenditures; and household wealth. Household income is the theoretical indicator of choice of welfare/

economic status. However, it is extremely difficult to measure accurately due to the fact that many

people do not remember all the sources of their income or better still would not want to divulge this

information. Measuring consumption expenditures has many drawbacks such as the fact that household

consumption expenditures typically are obtained from recall method usually for a period of not more

than four weeks. In all cases a well planned and large scale survey is needed, which is time consuming

and costly to collect. The estimation of wealth is a difficult concept due to both the quantitative as well

as the qualitative aspects of it. It can also be difficult to compute especially when wealth is looked at as

both tangible and intangible.

Given that the three main indicators of welfare cannot be determined in a shorter time, an alternative

method that is quick is needed. The alternative approach then in measuring welfare is generally through

the asset index. In measuring the asset index, multivariate statistical procedures such the factor analysis,

discriminate analysis, cluster analysis or the principal component analysis methods are used. Principal

components analysis transforms the original set of variables into a smaller set of linear combinations

that account for most of the variance in the original set. The purpose of PCA is to determine factors (i.e.,

principal components) in order to explain as much of the total variation in the data as possible.

In this project the principal component analysis was utilized in order to generate the asset (wealth)

index for each household in the study area. The PCA can be used as an exploratory tool to investigate

patterns in the data; in identify natural groupings of the population for further analysis and; to reduce

several dimensionalities in the number of known dimensions. In generating this index information from

the datasets such as the tenure status of main dwelling units; roof, wall, and floor materials of main

dwelling; main source of water; means of human waste disposal; cooking and lighting fuels; household

items such radio TV, fridge etc was required. The recent available dataset that contains this information

for the project area is the Kenya Population and Housing Census 2009.

There are four main approaches to handling multivariate data for the construction of the asset index

in surveys and censuses. The first three may be regarded as exploratory techniques leading to index

construction. These are graphical procedures and summary measures. The two popular multivariate

procedures - cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) - are two of the key procedures

that have a useful preliminary role to play in index construction and lastly regression modeling approach.

In the recent past there has been an increasing routine application of PCA to asset data in creating

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welfare indices (Gwatkin et al. 2000, Filmer and Pritchett 2001 and McKenzie 2003).

Concepts and definitionsInequalityInequality is characterized by the existence of unequal opportunities or life chances and unequal

conditions such as incomes, goods and services. Inequality, usually structured and recurrent, results

into an unfair or unjust gap between individuals, groups or households relative to others within a

population. There are several methods of measuring inequality. In this study, we consider among

other methods, the Gini-coefficient, the difference in expenditure shares and access to important basic

services.

Equality and EquityAlthough the two terms are sometimes used interchangeably, they are different concepts. Equality

requires all to have same/ equal resources, while equity requires all to have the same opportunity to

access same resources, survive, develop, and reach their full potential, without discrimination, bias, or

favoritism. Equity also accepts differences that are earned fairly.

PovertyThe poverty line is a threshold below which people are deemed poor. Statistics summarizing the bottom

of the consumption distribution (i.e. those that fall below the poverty line) are therefore provided. In

2005/06, the poverty line was estimated at Ksh1,562 and Ksh2,913 per adult equivalent1 per month

for rural and urban households respectively. Nationally, 45.2 percent of the population lives below the

poverty line (2009 estimates) down from 46 percent in 2005/06.

Spatial DimensionsThe reason poverty can be considered a spatial issue is two-fold. People of a similar socio-economic

background tend to live in the same areas because the amount of money a person makes usually, but

not always, influences their decision as to where to purchase or rent a home. At the same time, the area

in which a person is born or lives can determine the level of access to opportunities like education and

employment because income and education can influence settlement patterns and also be influenced

by settlement patterns. They can therefore be considered causes and effects of spatial inequality and

poverty.

EmploymentAccess to jobs is essential for overcoming inequality and reducing poverty. People who cannot access

productive work are unable to generate an income sufficient to cover their basic needs and those of

their families, or to accumulate savings to protect their households from the vicissitudes of the economy.

1This is basically the idea that every person needs different levels of consumption because of their age, gender, height, weight, etc. and therefore we take this into account to create an adult equivalent based on the average needs of the different populations

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The unemployed are therefore among the most vulnerable in society and are prone to poverty. Levels

and patterns of employment and wages are also significant in determining degrees of poverty and

inequality. Macroeconomic policy needs to emphasize the need for increasing regular good quality

‘work for pay’ that is covered by basic labour protection. The population and housing census 2009

included questions on labour and employment for the population aged 15-64.

The census, not being a labour survey, only had few categories of occupation which included work

for pay, family business, family agricultural holdings, intern/volunteer, retired/home maker, full time

student, incapacitated and no work. The tabulation was nested with education- for none, primary and

secondary level.

EducationEducation is typically seen as a means of improving people’s welfare. Studies indicate that inequality

declines as the average level of educational attainment increases, with secondary education producing

the greatest payoff, especially for women (Cornia and Court, 2001). There is considerable evidence

that even in settings where people are deprived of other essential services like sanitation or clean

water, children of educated mothers have much better prospects of survival than do the children of

uneducated mothers. Education is therefore typically viewed as a powerful factor in leveling the field of

opportunity as it provides individuals with the capacity to obtain a higher income and standard of living.

By learning to read and write and acquiring technical or professional skills, people increase their chances

of obtaining decent, better-paying jobs. Education however can also represent a medium through

which the worst forms of social stratification and segmentation are created. Inequalities in quality and

access to education often translate into differentials in employment, occupation, income, residence and

social class. These disparities are prevalent and tend to be determined by socio-economic and family

background. Because such disparities are typically transmitted from generation to generation, access

to educational and employment opportunities are to a certain degree inherited, with segments of the

population systematically suffering exclusion. The importance of equal access to a well-functioning

education system, particularly in relation to reducing inequalities, cannot be overemphasized.

WaterAccording to UNICEF (2008), over 1.1 billion people lack access to an improved water source and over

three million people, mostly children, die annually from water-related diseases. Water quality refers

to the basic and physical characteristics of water that determines its suitability for life or for human

uses. The quality of water has tremendous effects on human health both in the short term and in the

long term. As indicated in this report, slightly over half of Kenya’s population has access to improved

sources of water.

SanitationSanitation refers to the principles and practices relating to the collection, removal or disposal of human

excreta, household waste, water and refuse as they impact upon people and the environment. Decent

sanitation includes appropriate hygiene awareness and behavior as well as acceptable, affordable and

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sustainable sanitation services which is crucial for the health and wellbeing of people. Lack of access

to safe human waste disposal facilities leads to higher costs to the community through pollution of

rivers, ground water and higher incidence of air and water borne diseases. Other costs include reduced

incomes as a result of disease and lower educational outcomes.

Nationally, 61 percent of the population has access to improved methods of waste disposal. A sizeable

population i.e. 39 percent of the population is disadvantaged. Investments made in the provision of

safe water supplies need to be commensurate with investments in safe waste disposal and hygiene

promotion to have significant impact.

Housing Conditions (Roof, Wall and Floor)Housing conditions are an indicator of the degree to which people live in humane conditions. Materials

used in the construction of the floor, roof and wall materials of a dwelling unit are also indicative of the

extent to which they protect occupants from the elements and other environmental hazards. Housing

conditions have implications for provision of other services such as connections to water supply,

electricity, and waste disposal. They also determine the safety, health and well being of the occupants.

Low provision of these essential services leads to higher incidence of diseases, fewer opportunities

for business services and lack of a conducive environment for learning. It is important to note that

availability of materials, costs, weather and cultural conditions have a major influence on the type of

materials used.

Energy fuel for cooking and lightingLack of access to clean sources of energy is a major impediment to development through health related

complications such as increased respiratory infections and air pollution. The type of cooking fuel or

lighting fuel used by households is related to the socio-economic status of households. High level

energy sources are cleaner but cost more and are used by households with higher levels of income

compared with primitive sources of fuel like firewood which are mainly used by households with a lower

socio-economic profile. Globally about 2.5 billion people rely on biomass such as fuel-wood, charcoal,

agricultural waste and animal dung to meet their energy needs for cooking.

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Nyeri County

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Nyeri County

Figure 36.1: Nyeri Population Pyramid

Population Nyeri County has a maturing population structure where 0-14 year olds constitute 34% and 15 – 34 year olds constitute 34% of the total population. This is due to a declining number of children and youth as a result of a prolonged period of low fertility rates as determined by the highest percentage of household size of 0-3 members at 55. The county also has the second highest proportion of old people aged 65+ years in the country at 7% of the population.

Employment The 2009 population and housing census covered in brief the labour status as tabulated below. The main variable of interest for inequality discussed in the text is work for pay by level of education. The other variables, notably family business, family agricultural holdings, intern/volunteer, retired/homemaker, fulltime student, incapacitated and no work are tabulated and presented in the annex table 36.3 up to ward level.

Table 36: Overall Employment by Education Levels in Nyeri County

Education LevelWork for pay

Family Business

Family Agricultural Holding

Intern/ Volunteer

Retired/ Homemaker

Fulltime Student Incapacitated No work

Number of Individuals

Total 26.7 11.9 36.1 0.8 6.5 13.1 0.6 4.4 405,204

None 21.1 9.3 47.2 2.9 9.2 1.3 4.9 4.1 13,412

Primary 25.2 11.4 44.3 0.5 7.1 6.8 0.6 4.1 185,328

Secondary+ 28.4 12.5 28.0 0.8 5.8 19.5 0.3 4.6 206,464

In Nyeri County, 21% of the residents with no formal education 25% of those with a primary education and 28% of those with a secondary level of education or above are working for pay. Work for pay for those with secondary or above level of education is highest in Nairobi at 49% and this is 21 percentage points above the level in Nyeri.

15 10 5

11


Gini Coefficient In this report, the Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of consumption expenditure among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Gini index of ‘0’ rep-resents perfect equality, while an index of ‘1’ implies perfect inequality. Nyeri County’s Gini index is 0.365 com-pared with Turkana County, which has the least inequality nationally (0.283).

Figure 36.2: Nyeri County-Gini Coefficient by Ward

MAHIGA

RUGURU

GATARAKWA

GAKAWA

MUGUNDA

KABARU

THIEGU RIVER

RUGI

MWEIGA

DEDAN KIMATHI

IRIA-INI

CHINGA

NAROMORU/KIAMATHANGA

IRIA-INI

MWIYOGO/ENDARASHA

WAMAGANA

KONYU

GIKONDI

KARIMA

KIRIMUKUYU

KIGANJO/MATHARI

MAGUTU

AGUTHI-GAAKI

MUKURWE-INI CENTRAL

GATITU/MURUGURUKARATINA TOWN

MUKURWE-INI EAST

RURING'U

KAMAKWA/MUKARO

RWARE

³

Location of NyeriCounty in Kenya

Nyeri County:Gini Coefficient by Ward

Legend

Gini Coefficient

0.60 - 0.72

0.48 - 0.59

0.36 - 0.47

0.24 - 0.35

0.11 - 0.23

County Boundary

0 10 205 Kilometers

12



EducationFigure 36.3: Nyeri County-Percentage of Population by Education Attainment by Ward

MAHIGA

RUGURU

GATARAKWA

GAKAWA

MUGUNDA

KABARUTHIEGU RIVER

RUGI

MWEIGA

DEDAN KIMATHI IRIA-INI

CHINGA


IRIA-INI

MWIYOGO/ENDARASHA

WAMAGANA

GIKONDI

KARIMA

KIRIMUKUYU

MAGUTU

KONYU

KIGANJO/MATHARI

AGUTHI-GAAKI

MUKURWE-INI CENTRAL

GATITU/MURUGURUKARATINA TOWN

MUKURWE-INI EAST

RURING'U

KAMAKWA/MUKARO

RWARE

³


Percentage of Population by Education Attainment - Ward Level - Nyeri County

Legend

NonePrimary

County Boundary

Secondary and aboveWater Bodies

0 9.5 194.75 Kilometers

A total of 34% of Nyeri County residents have a secondary level of education or above. Nyeri Town has constitu-ency, which has the highest share of residents with a secondary level of education or above at 45%. This is almost twice Mukurwe-ini constituency, which has the lowest share of residents with a secondary level of education or above. Nyeri Town constituency is 11 percentage points above the county average. Rware ward has the highest share of residents with a secondary level of education or above at 53%. This is twice Gikondi ward, which has the lowest share of residents with a secondary level of education or above. Rware ward is 19 percentage points above the county average.

A total of 54% of Nyeri County residents have a primary level of education only. Mukurwe-ini constituency has the highest share of residents with a primary level of education only at 60%. This is 15 percentage points above Nyeri Town constituency, which has the lowest share of residents with a primary level of education only. Mukurwe-ini constituency is 6 percentage points above the county average. Rugi ward has the highest share of residents with a primary level of education only at 64%. This is twice Rware ward, which has the lowest share of residents with a primary level of education only. Rugi ward is 10 percentage points above the county average.

12% of Nyeri County residents have no formal education.Othaya constituency has the highest share of residents with no formal education at 14%.This is 3% points above Nyeri Town constituency, which has the lowest share of residents with no formal education. Othaya constituency is 2 percentage points above the county average. Kari-ma ward has the highest percentage of residents with no formal education at 15%. This is 6 percentage points above Rware ward, which has the lowest percentage of residents with no formal education. Karima ward is 3 percentage points above the county average.

13


EnergyCooking Fuel

Figure 36.4: Percentage Distribution of Households by Source of Cooking Fuel in Nyeri County

Just 5% of residents in Nyeri County use liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and 5% use paraffin. 73% use firewood and 16% use charcoal. The most common cooking fuel is firewood with male headed households at 72% and 74% in female headed households using it.

Nyeri Town constituency has the highest level of use of LPG use in Nyeri County at 15%.This is 14 percentage points more than Mukurwe-ini constituency, which has the lowest share at 1%. Nyeri Town constituency is 10 per-centage points above the county average. Rware ward has the highest level of use of LPG in Nyeri County at 25%.This is 25 percentage points above Gatarakwa ward, which has the lowest share. Rware ward is 20 percentage points above the county average.

Tetu and Mukurwe-ini constituencies have the highest level of firewood use in Nyeri County at 91% each. This is more than twice Nyeri Town constituency, which has the lowest level at 39%. Tetu and Mukurwe-ini constituencies are about 18 percentage points above the county average. Gikondi ward has the highest level of firewood use in Nyeri County at 97%.This is almost 14 times Rware ward, which has the lowest share at 7%. Gikondi ward is 24 percentage points above the county average.

Nyeri Town constituency has the highest level of use of charcoal in Nyeri County at 31%. This is eight times Mukur-we-ini constituency, which has the lowest share at 4%. Nyeri Town constituency is 15 percentage points higher than the county average. Rware ward has the highest level of use of charcoal in Nyeri County at 43%.This is 22 times Gikondi ward, which has the lowest share at 2%. Rware ward is 27 percentage points above the county average.

14



Lighting

Figure 36.5: Percentage Distribution of Households by Source of Lighting Fuel in Nyeri County

A total of 26% of residents in Nyeri County use electricity as their main source of lighting. A further 35% use lanterns, and 33% use tin lamps. Less than 1% use fuel wood. The most common lighting source among male headed households is lanterns at 35%, and tin lamps for female headed households at 36%.

Nyeri Town constituency has the highest level of electricity use at 55%.That is four times Mukurwe-ini constitu-ency, which has the lowest level of electricity use. Nyeri Town constituency is 29 percentage points above the county average. Ruringu ward has the highest level of electricity use at 69%.That is 69 percentage points above Mugunda ward, which has the lowest level of electricity use. Ruringu ward is 43 percentage points above the county average.

HousingFlooring

In Nyeri County, 41% of residents have homes with cement floors, while 56% have earth floors. Less than 1% has tiles and 2% have wood floors. Nyeri Town constituency has the highest share of cement floors at 64%.That is twice Mukurwei-ni constituency, which has the lowest share of cement floors. Nyeri Town constituency is 23 percentage points above the county average. Ruringu ward has the highest share of cement floors at 75%.That is almost eight times Gatarakwa ward, which has the lowest share of cement floors. Ruringu ward is 34 percentage points above the county average.

Figure 36.6: Percentage Distribution of Households by Floor Material in Nyeri County

15


Roofing

Figure 36.7: Percentage Distribution of Households by Roof Material in Nyeri County

In Nyeri County, 94% of the population have corrugated iron sheet roofs. Only 1% of residents have homes with concrete roofs and another 1% has tiled roofs.

Othaya constituency has the highest share of corrugated iron sheet roofs at 97%.That is 6 percentage points above Nyeri Town constituency, which has the lowest share of concrete roofs. Othaya constituency is 3 percent-age points above the county average. Kirimukuyu ward has the highest share of corrugated iron sheet roofs at 99%.That is 19 percentage points above Rware ward, which has the lowest share of concrete roofs. Kirimukuyu ward is 5 percentage points above the county average.

Walls

Figure 36.8: Percentage Distribution of Households by Wall Material in Nyeri County

16



In Nyeri County, 26% of homes have either brick or stone walls. 12% of homes have mud/wood or mud/cement walls. 60% have wood walls. 2% have corrugated iron sheet walls, and less than 1% has grass/thatched walls. 1% has tin or other walls.

Nyeri Town constituency has the highest share of brick/stone walls at 45%.That is almost four times Kieni constit-uency, which has the lowest share of brick/stone walls. Nyeri Town constituency is 19 percentage points above the county average. Rugi ward has the highest share of brick/stone walls at 65%.That is more than 47 percentage points above Gatarakwa ward, which has the lowest share of brick/stone walls. Rugi ward is 39 percentage points above the county average.

Tetu constituency has the highest share of wood walls at 79%.That is three times Mukurwe-ini constituency, which has the lowest share. Tetu constituency is 19 percentage points above the county average. Gatarakwa ward has the highest share of mud wood walls at 91%.That is nine times Rugi ward, which has the lowest share of wood walls. Gatarakwa ward is 31 percentage points above the county average.

WaterImproved sources of water comprise protected spring, protected well, borehole, piped into dwelling, piped and rain water collection while unimproved sources include pond, dam, lake, stream/river, unprotected spring, unpro-tected well, jabia, water vendor and others.

In Nyeri County, 64% of residents use improved sources of water, with the rest relying on unimproved sources. Improved sources are mainly slightly more common in male headed households at 65% as compared with female headed households at 63%.

Nyeri Town constituency has the highest share of residents using improved sources of water at 85%. That is twice Mukurwe-ini constituency, which has the lowest share using improved sources of water. Nyeri Town constituency is 19 percentage points above the county average. Ruringu ward with the highest share of residents using im-proved sources of water at 95%.That is five times Rugi ward, which has the lowest share using improved sources of water. Ruringu ward is 31 percentage points above the county average.

17


MAHIGA

RUGURU

GATARAKWA

GAKAWA

MUGUNDA

KABARUTHIEGU RIVER

RUGI

MWEIGA

DEDAN KIMATHIIRIA-INI

CHINGA


IRIA-INI

MWIYOGO/ENDARASHA

WAMAGANA

GIKONDI

KIRIMUKUYU

KIGANJO/MATHARI

KONYU

KARIMA

MAGUTU

AGUTHI-GAAKI

MUKURWE-INI CENTRAL

GATITU/MURUGURU KARATINA TOWN

MUKURWE-INI EAST

RURING'U

KAMAKWA/MUKARO

RWARE

³

Percentage of Households with Improved and UnimprovedSource of Water - Ward Level - Nyeri County



Legend

Unimproved Source of WaterImproved Source of waterWater Bodies

County Boundary

Figure 36.9: Nyeri County-Percentage of Households with Improved and Unimproved Sources of Water by Ward

SanitationA total of 74% of residents in Nyeri County use improved sanitation, while the rest use unimproved sanitation. There is no gender differential in use of improved sanitation with both households headed by either gender at 74%.

Othaya constituency has the highest share of residents using improved sanitation at 86%.That is 24 percentage points above Kieni constituency, which has the lowest share using improved sanitation. Othaya constituency is 12 percentage points above the county average. Chinga ward has the highest share of residents using improved sanitation at 98%.That is three times almost =Thiegu River ward, which has the lowest share using improved sanitation. Chinga ward is 24 percentage points above the county average.

18



Figure 36.10: Nyeri County –Percentage of Households with Improved and Unimproved Sanitation by Ward

Nyeri County Annex Tables

MAHIGA

RUGURU

GATARAKWA

GAKAWA

MUGUNDA

KABARUTHIEGU RIVER

RUGI

MWEIGA

DEDAN KIMATHI IRIA-INI

CHINGA


IRIA-INI

MWIYOGO/ENDARASHA

WAMAGANA

GIKONDI

KARIMA

KIRIMUKUYU

MAGUTU

KONYU

KIGANJO/MATHARI

AGUTHI-GAAKI

MUKURWE-INI CENTRAL

GATITU/MURUGURU

KARATINA TOWN

MUKURWE-INI EAST

RURING'U

KAMAKWA/MUKARO

RWARE

³

Percentage of Households with Improved and UnimprovedSanitation - Ward Level - Nyeri County

Legend

Improved SanitationUnimproved SanitationWater Bodies

County Boundary



19


36. N

yer

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ble 3

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a

37

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7,698

19

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16,34

6,414

8,2

93,20

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20,24

9,800

1,3

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3

0.982

0.873

0.807

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8,4

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l

26

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9,034

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1,976

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Nyer

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Tetu

Con

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78

,023

37

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40

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10,05

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15

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24

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6,484

0.932

0.704

0.562

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20

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2,5

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Wam

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30,99

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14,71

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16,28

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3,993

10,22

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5,909

9,8

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18

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2,554

0.903

0.701

0.561

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26,34

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3,559

8,893

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2,278

0.938

0.736

0.586

0.150

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Kien

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172,9

97

87

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85

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25,44

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60

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101,9

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8,281

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0.696

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8,422

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0.674

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25,83

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13,11

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3,665

8,923

4,734

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1,092

1.031

0.633

0.564

0.069

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19

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9,4

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23

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7,369

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ru

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2,956

7,897

4,419

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1,021

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20



Gaka

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26,10

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13,18

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12,92

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3,902

9,210

4,935

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0.636

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58

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tuenc

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14

7,267

71,09

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76,17

4

18

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47

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27,04

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48,71

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88,42

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11,20

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0.933

0.666

0.539

0.127

55

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38.0

6.3

4343

7

Rugu

ru

22,90

8

11,21

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11,69

6

3,075

7,831

4,510

7,1

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13

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1,929

0.959

0.742

0.596

0.147

53

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38.9

7.8

6513

Magu

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19,36

6

9,469

9,897

2,373

6,341

3,757

6,2

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11

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1,524

0.957

0.684

0.551

0.133

52

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41.2

6.8

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Iria-In

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27,46

3

13,16

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14,30

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3,423

8,842

4,949

8,8

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16

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1,973

0.920

0.650

0.531

0.119

56

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8314

Kony

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21,82

4

10,52

7

11,29

7

2,914

7,068

3,867

7,3

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13

,092

1,664

0.932

0.667

0.540

0.127

56

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38.6

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6535

Kirim

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28,48

1

13,75

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14,72

7

3,683

9,331

5,316

8,7

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16

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2,677

0.934

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0.566

0.163

52

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Kara

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27

,225

12

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3,4

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1,436

0.910

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61

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8627

Otha

ya C

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tuenc

y

85,65

3

40,85

8

44,79

5

11

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16,92

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27,71

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50,10

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6,4

99

0.9

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0.7

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0.5

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51.6

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Mahig

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21,63

0

10,38

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11,24

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2,760

7,274

4,455

6,9

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12

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1,703

0.924

0.709

0.575

0.135

50

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41.9

8.0

5878

Iria-In

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23,84

7

11,39

3

12,45

4

3,154

8,124

4,676

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15

14

,265

1,458

0.915

0.672

0.570

0.102

51

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41.2

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Ching

a

21,52

5

10,38

5

11,14

0

2,857

7,299

4,183

7,0

31

12

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1,615

0.932

0.707

0.579

0.128

50

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41.4

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5956

Karim

a

18,65

1

8,691

9,960

2,511

6,356

3,614

5,7

50

10

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1,723

0.873

0.764

0.601

0.163

54

.8

38.6

6.6

5431

Muku

rwe-

Ini C

onsti

tuenc

y

83,64

0

40,25

7

43,38

3

11

,055

29

,191

16,73

6

24,74

7

46,97

7

7,4

72

0.9

28

0.7

80

0.6

21

0.1

59

53.3

39

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7.1

23

850

Giko

ndi

18

,529

8,9

75

9,5

54

2,5

34

6,8

49

4,0

29

5,122

9,961

1,7

19

0.9

39

0.8

60

0.6

88

0.1

73

50.5

40

.9

8.6

50

84

Rugi

20

,687

10

,054

10

,633

2,7

83

7,2

86

4,1

01

6,168

11,65

2

1,7

49

0.9

46

0.7

75

0.6

25

0.1

50

51.0

42

.0

7.0

57

69

Muku

rwe-

Ini E

ast

18

,348

8,5

98

9,7

50

2,4

14

6,3

73

3,6

12

5,237

10,13

5

1,8

40

0.8

82

0.8

10

0.6

29

0.1

82

55.4

38

.0

6.6

53

57

Muku

rwe-

Ini C

entra

l

26,07

6

12,63

0

13,44

6

3,324

8,683

4,994

8,2

20

15

,229

2,164

0.939

0.712

0.570

0.142

55

.4

38.0

6.6

7640

Nyer

i Tow

n Co

nstitu

ency

111,6

56

54

,472

57

,184

15,22

5

34,92

8

18

,796

44

,312

71

,937

4,791

0.953

0.552

0.486

0.067

62

.1

32.5

5.4

3595

6

Kiga

njo/M

athar

i

21,47

8

10,75

3

10,72

5

2,934

7,173

3,938

7,6

45

13

,043

1,262

1.003

0.647

0.550

0.097

56

.2

35.6

8.3

6299

21


Rwar

e

21,27

5

10,43

8

10,83

7

2,872

6,071

3,150

9,5

70

14

,876

32

8

0.963

0.430

0.408

0.022

72

.5

24.2

3.3

8095

Gatitu

/Mur

ugur

u

21,12

7

10,25

6

10,87

1

2,817

6,731

3,751

7,6

20

13

,167

1,229

0.943

0.605

0.511

0.093

56

.8

37.0

6.2

6341

Rurin

gu

21,84

4

10,36

1

11,48

3

3,055

6,761

3,477

9,0

74

14

,292

79

1

0.902

0.528

0.473

0.055

62

.1

33.3

4.5

7105

Kama

kwa/M

ukar

o

25,93

2

12,66

4

13,26

8

3,547

8,192

4,480

10,40

3

16,55

9

1,1

81

0.9

54

0.5

66

0.4

95

0.0

71

60.6

33

.9

5.5

81

16

22



Table 36.2: Employment by County, Constituency and Wards

County/Constituency/WardsWork for pay

Family Business

Family Agricultural Holding

Intern/ Volunteer

Retired/Home-maker

Fulltime Student

Incapaci-tated No work


Kenya 23.7 13.1 32.0 1.1 9.2 12.8 0.5 7.7 20,249,800

Rural 15.6 11.2 43.5 1.0 8.8 13.0 0.5 6.3 12,984,788

Urban 38.1 16.4 11.4 1.3 9.9 12.2 0.3 10.2 7,265,012 Nyeri County 26.7 11.9 36.1 0.8 6.5 13.1 0.6 4.4 405,204 Tetu Constituency 23.0 10.0 44.9 0.8 3.4 13.2 0.6 4.1 45,785 Dedan Kimathi 21.4 8.9 45.2 0.7 2.5 15.8 0.6 4.9 12,387 Wamagana 21.6 10.4 48.6 1.0 2.9 11.0 0.7 3.8 18,221 Aguthi-Gaaki 26.1 10.3 40.0 0.7 4.7 13.8 0.6 3.8 15,177 Kieni Constituency 26.0 10.8 38.3 0.6 7.6 12.4 0.4 4.0 101,984 Mweiga 35.6 9.7 27.3 1.0 9.8 11.3 0.5 4.7 10,040 Naromoru/Kiamathanga 24.3 12.9 42.3 0.6 5.4 11.5 0.3 2.7 15,824 Mwiyogo/Endarasha 20.4 7.3 46.4 0.3 8.0 13.9 0.5 3.2 10,989 Mugunda 23.1 11.2 39.5 0.6 5.4 14.9 0.6 4.6 12,965 Gatarakwa 18.4 8.1 55.7 0.3 1.9 14.0 0.4 1.2 10,781 Thiegu River 33.3 14.5 25.1 0.6 11.3 10.8 0.4 3.9 12,710 Kabaru 19.9 6.9 56.4 0.3 3.6 10.8 0.3 1.9 12,722 Gakawa 31.9 13.3 19.1 0.8 14.1 12.1 0.3 8.4 15,953 Mathira Constituency 25.7 12.9 33.5 0.8 9.1 13.4 0.6 4.0 88,420 Ruguru 21.4 10.9 41.6 0.7 10.8 11.0 0.6 3.0 13,148 Magutu 20.5 6.9 48.5 0.8 5.1 14.3 1.1 2.8 11,501 Iria-Ini 28.3 12.3 35.6 0.7 5.6 14.0 0.6 2.8 16,648 Konyu 21.6 15.4 30.5 0.8 11.3 15.2 0.4 4.8 13,092 Kirimukuyu 24.6 9.9 30.3 1.0 15.6 12.6 0.7 5.3 16,473 Karatina Town 33.9 19.9 21.0 0.8 6.0 13.5 0.5 4.5 17,558 Othaya Constituency 21.9 11.2 45.6 0.7 3.1 13.7 0.7 3.2 50,101 Mahiga 17.5 9.7 53.4 0.8 1.5 13.6 0.6 2.9 12,653 Iria-Ini 22.8 9.5 46.6 0.6 2.7 14.2 0.7 2.9 14,265 Chinga 22.7 13.4 42.8 0.7 3.1 13.7 0.7 2.9 12,611 Karima 24.9 12.5 38.4 0.6 5.5 13.0 0.8 4.4 10,572 Mukurwe-Ini Constituency 17.8 8.7 51.3 0.7 3.5 14.0 0.6 3.4 46,977 Gikondi 12.4 6.4 63.0 0.6 3.5 11.6 0.5 2.1 9,961 Rugi 17.3 9.4 51.3 0.7 3.0 14.8 0.8 2.8 11,652 Mukurwe-Ini East 19.1 9.0 47.1 0.7 4.1 14.6 0.7 4.8 10,135 Mukurwe-Ini Central 20.8 9.6 46.3 0.8 3.5 14.6 0.6 3.7 15,229 Nyeri Town Constituency 40.7 16.0 14.1 1.0 8.2 12.5 0.5 6.9 71,937 Kiganjo/Mathari 38.8 10.9 15.1 1.1 12.2 12.7 1.0 8.1 13,043 Rware 48.3 21.4 3.7 1.1 6.1 11.2 0.2 8.1 14,876 Gatitu/Muruguru 39.2 14.2 16.3 0.7 9.4 14.2 0.6 5.5 13,167 Ruringu 38.9 18.8 18.2 1.0 5.4 10.5 0.4 6.9 14,292 Kamakwa/Mukaro 38.2 14.5 17.2 1.2 8.6 13.9 0.5 6.2 16,559

23


Table 36.3: Employment and Education Levels by County, Constituency and Wards

County /constituency/WardsEducation Totallevel

Work for pay

Family Busi-ness

Family Agri-cultural Holding

Intern/Volun-teer

Retired/Home-maker

Fulltime Student



Kenya Total 23.7 13.1 32.0 1.1 9.2 12.8 0.5 7.7 20,249,800

Kenya None 11.1 14.0 44.4 1.7 14.7 0.8 1.2 12.1 3,154,356

Kenya Primary 20.7 12.6 37.3 0.8 9.6 12.1 0.4 6.5 9,528,270

Kenya Secondary+ 32.7 13.3 20.2 1.2 6.6 18.6 0.2 7.3 7,567,174

Rural Total 15.6 11.2 43.5 1.0 8.8 13.0 0.5 6.3 12,984,788

Rural None 8.5 13.6 50.0 1.4 13.9 0.7 1.2 10.7 2,614,951

Rural Primary 15.5 10.8 45.9 0.8 8.4 13.2 0.5 5.0 6,785,745

Rural Secondary+ 21.0 10.1 34.3 1.0 5.9 21.9 0.3 5.5 3,584,092

Urban Total 38.1 16.4 11.4 1.3 9.9 12.2 0.3 10.2 7,265,012

Urban None 23.5 15.8 17.1 3.1 18.7 1.5 1.6 18.8 539,405

Urban Primary 33.6 16.9 16.0 1.0 12.3 9.5 0.4 10.2 2,742,525

Urban Secondary+ 43.2 16.1 7.5 1.3 7.1 15.6 0.2 9.0 3,983,082

Nyeri Total 26.7 11.9 36.1 0.8 6.5 13.1 0.6 4.4 405,204

Nyeri None 21.1 9.3 47.2 2.9 9.2 1.3 4.9 4.1 13,412

Nyeri Primary 25.2 11.4 44.3 0.5 7.1 6.8 0.6 4.1 185,328

Nyeri Secondary+ 28.4 12.5 28.0 0.8 5.8 19.5 0.3 4.6 206,464

Tetu Constituency Total 23.0

10.0

44.9

0.8

3.4

13.2

0.6

4.1

45,785

Tetu Constituency None 16.1

8.9

58.5

2.9

4.2

1.1

5.7

2.8

1,230

Tetu Constituency Primary 24.3

9.7

51.7

0.6

3.4

5.9

0.6

3.8

20,780

Tetu Constituency Secondary+ 22.3

10.2

38.2

1.0

3.3

20.2

0.4

4.4

23,775

Dedan Kimathi Wards Total 21.4

8.9

45.2

0.7

2.5

15.8

0.6

4.9

12,387

Dedan Kimathi Wards None 16.7

7.9

52.8

3.6

4.4

1.2

9.1

4.4

252

Dedan Kimathi Wards Primary 23.1

8.0

53.4

0.4

2.9

6.8

0.7

4.8

4,870

Dedan Kimathi Wards Secondary+ 20.5

9.6

39.5

0.7

2.2

22.3

0.3

4.9

7,265

Wamagana Wards Total 21.6

10.4

48.6

1.0

2.9

11.0

0.7

3.8

18,221

Wamagana Wards None 14.5

9.7

60.1

2.5

2.3

0.8

6.2

3.9

484

Wamagana Wards Primary 22.1

10.2

54.8

0.7

2.6

5.3

0.5

3.8

8,823

Wamagana Wards Secondary+ 21.4

10.7

41.9

1.2

3.3

17.2

0.5

3.9

8,914

24



Aguthi-Gaaki Wards Total 26.1

10.3

40.0

0.7

4.7

13.8

0.6

3.8

15,177

Aguthi-Gaaki Wards None 17.4

8.5

59.9

2.8

5.9

1.2

3.4

0.8

494

Aguthi-Gaaki Wards Primary 27.8

10.4

46.6

0.4

4.8

6.1

0.6

3.2

7,087

Aguthi-Gaaki Wards Secondary+ 25.0

10.3

32.6

0.9

4.5

21.8

0.4

4.5

7,596

Kieni Constituency Total 26.0

10.8

38.3

0.6

7.6

12.4

0.4

4.0

101,984

Kieni Constituency None t 24.2

7.2

47.1

2.1

10.1

1.2

3.6

4.6

3,704

Kieni Constituency Primary 25.4

10.2

44.8

0.4

7.9

7.3

0.3

3.7

52,604

Kieni Constituency Secondary+ 26.8

11.7

30.1

0.7

7.1

19.1

0.2

4.3

45,676

Mweiga Wards Total 35.6

9.7

27.3

1.0

9.8

11.3

0.5

4.7

10,040

Mweiga Wards None 25.7

6.8

30.4

3.0

17.3

0.8

6.8

9.3

237

Mweiga Wards Primary 35.4

8.7

32.3

0.5

11.3

6.2

0.5

5.2

5,025

Mweiga Wards Secondary+ 36.3

11.0

21.9

1.4

7.9

17.2

0.2

4.1

4,778

Naromoru/Kiamathanga Wards Total 24.3

12.9

42.3

0.6

5.4

11.5

0.3

2.7

15,824

Naromoru/Kiamathanga Wards None 27.2

8.4

49.2

3.2

6.0

1.3

2.7

2.1

622

Naromoru/Kiamathanga Wards Primary 22.5

12.2

51.2

0.3

4.9

6.2

0.3

2.5

7,681

Naromoru/Kiamathanga Wards Secondary+ 26.0

13.9

32.8

0.7

5.9

17.8

0.1

2.9

7,521

Mwiyogo/Endarasha Wards Total 20.4

7.3

46.4

0.3

8.0

13.9

0.5

3.2

10,989

Mwiyogo/Endarasha Wards None 28.8

7.0

43.3

2.0

13.7

0.3

3.1

2.0

358

Mwiyogo/Endarasha Wards Primary 19.4

6.4

54.3

0.2

8.6

8.3

0.5

2.4

5,835

Mwiyogo/Endarasha Wards Secondary+ 21.0

8.5

37.0

0.4

6.9

21.6

0.2

4.3

4,796

Mugunda Wards Total 23.1

11.2

39.5

0.6

5.4

14.9

0.6

4.6

12,965

Mugunda Wards None 21.6

7.7

46.9

1.1

11.4

1.1

7.1

3.0

439

Mugunda Wards Primary 23.3

11.7

44.5

0.5

5.3

9.1

0.5

5.1

7,366

Mugunda Wards Secondary+ 23.0

10.8

31.7

0.7

5.0

24.3

0.3

4.1

5,160

Gatarakwa Wards Total 18.4

8.1

55.7

0.3

1.9

14.0

0.4

1.2

10,781

Gatarakwa Wards None 17.8

4.6

62.4

2.9

3.3

2.1

6.2

0.8

242

Gatarakwa Wards Primary 18.1

7.9

62.6

0.1

1.8

8.4

0.2

0.9

6,350

Gatarakwa Wards Secondary+ 18.8

8.6

44.9

0.3

2.1

23.2

0.2

1.8

4,189

Thiegu River Wards Total 33.3

14.5

25.1

0.6

11.3

10.8

0.4

3.9

12,710

Thiegu River Wards None 35.7

11.6

24.8

2.7

14.1

2.1

5.2

3.9

440

Thiegu River Wards Primary 35.7

14.9

27.3

0.5

12.5

5.4

0.3

3.4

6,610

25


Thiegu River Wards Secondary+ 30.3

14.3

22.5

0.6

9.8

17.8

0.2

4.4

5,660

Kabaru Wards Total 19.9

6.9

56.4

0.3

3.6

10.8

0.3

1.9

12,722

Kabaru Wards None 13.1

5.2

71.6

1.1

4.1

0.7

2.3

2.0

612

Kabaru Wards Primary 21.0

6.0

61.2

0.1

3.5

6.3

0.2

1.6

6,752

Kabaru Wards Secondary+ 19.2

8.1

48.7

0.5

3.6

17.7

0.1

2.2

5,358

Gakawa Wards Total 31.9

13.3

19.1

0.8

14.1

12.1

0.3

8.4

15,953

Gakawa Wards None 25.1

6.1

40.7

1.5

13.4

1.3

0.9

11.0

754

Gakawa Wards Primary 30.0

12.6

23.9

0.6

16.3

7.9

0.3

8.4

6,985

Gakawa Wards Secondary+ 34.1

14.5

13.1

0.8

12.3

16.6

0.3

8.2

8,214

Mathira Constituency Total 25.7

12.9

33.5

0.8

9.1

13.4

0.6

4.0

88,420

Mathira Constituency None 20.9

9.5

41.1

3.5

14.0

1.5

5.7

3.8

2,738

Mathira Constituency Primary 25.0

12.7

40.1

0.5

10.1

7.3

0.7

3.6

39,585

Mathira Constituency Secondary+ 26.6

13.3

27.5

0.8

7.9

19.4

0.3

4.2

46,097

Ruguru Wards Total 21.4

10.9

41.6

0.7

10.8

11.0

0.6

3.0

13,148

Ruguru Wards None 19.9

8.0

45.6

2.8

15.1

0.7

5.9

1.9

423

Ruguru Wards Primary 21.9

10.5

46.4

0.5

10.5

6.8

0.6

2.8

6,385

Ruguru Wards Secondary+ 21.0

11.5

36.5

0.7

10.8

15.9

0.3

3.3

6,340

Magutu Wards Total 20.5

6.9

48.5

0.8

5.1

14.3

1.1

2.8

11,501

Magutu Wards None 16.5

5.7

60.5

4.3

4.3

1.1

6.4

1.4

564

Magutu Wards Primary 21.5

7.8

53.8

0.4

4.9

8.4

1.0

2.3

5,293

Magutu Wards Secondary+ 20.0

6.2

42.4

0.8

5.4

21.2

0.7

3.5

5,644

Iria-Ini Wards Total 28.3

12.3

35.6

0.7

5.6

14.0

0.6

2.8

16,648

Iria-Ini Wards None 26.5

12.5

43.5

1.7

5.4

1.4

7.3

1.7

423

Iria-Ini Wards Primary 31.1

11.6

40.5

0.4

6.3

7.1

0.7

2.2

7,605

Iria-Ini Wards Secondary+ 25.9

12.9

30.9

0.9

5.0

20.7

0.2

3.4

8,620

Konyu Wards Total 21.6

15.4

30.5

0.8

11.3

15.2

0.4

4.8

13,092

Konyu Wards None 17.0

9.2

37.0

5.7

19.6

3.1

4.3

4.3

424

Konyu Wards Primary 20.6

15.9

37.3

0.6

12.9

7.5

0.4

4.8

6,390

Konyu Wards Secondary+ 22.9

15.3

23.2

0.7

9.1

23.8

0.1

4.8

6,278

Kirimukuyu Wards Total 24.6

9.9

30.3

1.0

15.6

12.6

0.7

5.3

16,473

Kirimukuyu Wards None 22.0

8.9

28.2

3.6

26.6

1.2

3.8

5.7

496

26



Kirimukuyu Wards Primary 23.3

10.4

36.1

0.8

17.1

6.6

0.8

5.0

7,439

Kirimukuyu Wards Secondary+ 25.9

9.6

25.4

1.0

13.7

18.4

0.5

5.5

8,538

Karatina Town Wards Total 33.9

19.9

21.0

0.8

6.0

13.5

0.5

4.5

17,558

Karatina Town Wards None 25.3

14.5

27.0

2.7

14.2

1.7

6.4

8.3

408

Karatina Town Wards Primary 30.0

19.8

29.3

0.5

7.8

7.6

0.5

4.5

6,473

Karatina Town Wards Secondary+ 36.7

20.2

15.7

0.8

4.6

17.4

0.2

4.4

10,677

Othaya Constituency Total 21.9

11.2

45.6

0.7

3.1

13.7

0.7

3.2

50,101

Othaya Constituency None 15.7

9.8

59.3

2.5

4.3

1.2

5.1

2.1

1,950

Othaya Constituency Primary 21.3

11.0

53.6

0.5

3.0

7.0

0.8

2.8

21,735

Othaya Constituency Secondary+ 22.8

11.4

38.0

0.7

3.1

20.1

0.3

3.7

26,416

Mahiga Wards Total 17.5

9.7

53.4

0.8

1.5

13.6

0.6

2.9

12,653

Mahiga Wards None 12.4

9.5

66.2

1.3

3.2

1.2

4.2

1.9

524

Mahiga Wards Primary 17.1

10.3

61.1

0.8

1.4

6.2

0.7

2.4

6,225

Mahiga Wards Secondary+ 18.2

9.2

44.1

0.8

1.5

22.5

0.2

3.5

5,904

Iria-Ini Wards Total 22.8

9.5

46.6

0.6

2.7

14.2

0.7

2.9

14,265

Iria-Ini Wards None 16.0

7.1

63.8

2.2

2.4

1.1

5.2

2.2

538

Iria-Ini Wards Primary 21.9

8.5

55.6

0.4

2.7

7.8

0.9

2.3

5,652

Iria-Ini Wards Secondary+ 23.9

10.4

39.1

0.7

2.7

19.5

0.3

3.4

8,075

Chinga Wards Total 22.7

13.4

42.8

0.7

3.1

13.7

0.7

2.9

12,611

Chinga Wards None 16.3

13.1

54.9

2.8

4.1

1.1

5.4

2.4

466

Chinga Wards Primary 23.5

13.6

48.7

0.4

2.9

7.6

0.8

2.5

5,201

Chinga Wards Secondary+ 22.6

13.2

37.6

0.8

3.2

19.1

0.3

3.2

6,944

Karima Wards Total 24.9

12.5

38.4

0.6

5.5

13.0

0.8

4.4

10,572

Karima Wards None 18.7

10.0

50.0

3.8

8.3

1.7

5.7

1.9

422

Karima Wards Primary 23.7

12.2

46.8

0.4

5.7

6.4

0.8

4.1

4,657

Karima Wards Secondary+ 26.3

12.9

30.3

0.5

5.1

19.5

0.4

4.9

5,493

Mukurwe-Ini Constituency Total 17.8

8.7

51.3

0.7

3.5

14.0

0.6

3.4

46,977

Mukurwe-Ini Constituency None 11.9

8.1

62.7

2.3

5.1

1.3

6.3

2.3

1,881

Mukurwe-Ini Constituency Primary 16.8

8.6

60.5

0.5

3.8

6.3

0.5

3.0

25,320

Mukurwe-Ini Constituency Secondary+ 19.6

8.9

38.3

0.8

3.1

25.1

0.3

3.9

19,776

Gikondi Wards Total 12.4

6.4

63.0

0.6

3.5

11.6

0.5

2.1

9,961

27


Gikondi Wards None 10.3

3.4

68.2

2.4

7.4

1.6

5.8

1.1

380

Gikondi Wards Primary 12.1

5.9

70.9

0.4

3.3

5.4

0.4

1.7

5,756

Gikondi Wards Secondary+ 13.0

7.3

50.8

0.6

3.5

21.9

0.2

2.8

3,825

Rugi Wards Total 17.3

9.4

51.3

0.7

3.0

14.8

0.8

2.8

11,652

Rugi Wards None 13.0

9.9

58.3

3.3

5.4

1.4

7.3

1.4

424

Rugi Wards Primary 16.8

10.0

59.6

0.5

3.1

6.6

0.6

2.7

6,850

Rugi Wards Secondary+ 18.4

8.3

37.6

0.7

2.6

29.0

0.3

3.1

4,378

Mukurwe-Ini East Wards Total 19.1

9.0

47.1

0.7

4.1

14.6

0.7

4.8

10,135

Mukurwe-Ini East Wards None 10.7

7.1

62.9

1.8

5.2

0.9

7.7

3.6

439

Mukurwe-Ini East Wards Primary 20.0

9.2

55.0

0.5

4.5

5.8

0.5

4.5

5,082

Mukurwe-Ini East Wards Secondary+ 18.9

8.9

37.0

0.8

3.4

25.6

0.3

5.2

4,614

Mukurwe-Ini Central Wards Total 20.8

9.6

46.3

0.8

3.5

14.6

0.6

3.7

15,229

Mukurwe-Ini Central Wards None 12.9

10.5

62.4

2.0

3.3

1.3

4.9

2.8

638

Mukurwe-Ini Central Wards Primary 18.1

9.0

57.2

0.5

4.1

7.2

0.5

3.4

7,632

Mukurwe-Ini Central Wards Secondary+ 24.5

10.3

32.9

1.0

2.9

24.1

0.3

4.2

6,959

Nyeri Town Constituency Total 40.7

16.0

14.1

1.0

8.2

12.5

0.5

6.9

71,937

Nyeri Town Constituency None 33.2

13.9

21.4

4.6

12.9

1.6

4.1

8.4

1,909

Nyeri Town Constituency Primary 37.9

16.1

19.7

0.7

10.9

6.0

0.8

8.0

25,304

Nyeri Town Constituency Secondary+ 42.6

16.1

10.6

1.1

6.5

16.6

0.2

6.3

44,724

Kiganjo/Mathari Wards Total 38.8

10.9

15.1

1.1

12.2

12.7

1.0

8.1

13,043

Kiganjo/Mathari Wards None 31.5

7.8

24.6

5.4

15.9

2.6

4.6

7.6

460

Kiganjo/Mathari Wards Primary 37.8

11.1

18.4

0.6

14.9

7.0

1.3

9.0

5,696

Kiganjo/Mathari Wards Secondary+ 40.2

10.9

11.9

1.3

9.7

18.1

0.6

7.5

6,887

Rware Wards Total 48.3

21.4

3.7

1.1

6.1

11.2

0.2

8.1

14,876

Rware Wards None 37.1

24.0

5.9

4.0

13.9

2.4

1.5

11.2

455

Rware Wards Primary 44.5

25.6

4.5

0.7

8.4

4.5

0.2

11.7

4,239

Rware Wards Secondary+ 50.3

19.5

3.3

1.1

4.8

14.4

0.1

6.5

10,182

Gatitu/Muruguru Wards Total 39.2

14.2

16.3

0.7

9.4

14.2

0.6

5.5

13,167

Gatitu/Muruguru Wards None 33.6

13.2

25.7

1.8

13.2

0.6

5.0

7.0

342

Gatitu/Muruguru Wards Primary 40.0

13.7

21.8

0.3

11.8

5.9

0.9

5.6

5,034

Gatitu/Muruguru Wards Secondary+ 38.9

14.5

12.3

0.9

7.8

20.2

0.2

5.3

7,791

28



Ruringu Wards Total 38.9

18.8

18.2

1.0

5.4

10.5

0.4

6.9

14,292

Ruringu Wards None 33.6

11.5

23.7

5.6

9.2

1.0

6.9

8.6

304

Ruringu Wards Primary 34.0

18.3

26.6

1.0

7.0

5.0

0.4

7.8

4,387

Ruringu Wards Secondary+ 41.3

19.2

14.2

0.9

4.6

13.3

0.2

6.4

9,601

Kamakwa/Mukaro Wards Total 38.2

14.5

17.2

1.2

8.6

13.9

0.5

6.2

16,559

Kamakwa/Mukaro Wards None 29.3

11.5

31.0

6.0

10.9

0.6

3.5

7.2

348

Kamakwa/Mukaro Wards Primary 34.4

14.5

24.8

0.8

11.2

6.9

1.0

6.6

5,948

Kamakwa/Mukaro Wards Secondary+ 40.7

14.6

12.3

1.3

7.0

18.4

0.1

5.8

10,263

Table 36.4: Employment and Education Levels in Male Headed Household by County, Constituency and Wards

County, Constituency and Wards

Education Level reached

Work for Pay

Family Business

Family Agri-cultural holding

Internal/ Volunteer

Retired/Home-maker

Fulltime Student


Population

15-64)

Kenya National Total 25.5

13.5

31.6

1.1

9.0

11.4

0.4

7.5 14,757,992

Kenya National None 11.4

14.3

44.2

1.6

13.9

0.9

1.0

12.6 2,183,284

Kenya National Primary 22.2

12.9

37.3

0.8

9.4

10.6

0.4

6.4 6,939,667

Kenya National Secondary+ 35.0

13.8

19.8

1.1

6.5

16.5

0.2

7.0 5,635,041

Rural Rural Total 16.8

11.6

43.9

1.0

8.3

11.7

0.5

6.3 9,262,744

Rural Rural None 8.6

14.1

49.8

1.4

13.0

0.8

1.0

11.4 1,823,487

Rural Rural Primary 16.5

11.2

46.7

0.8

8.0

11.6

0.4

4.9 4,862,291

Rural Rural Secondary+ 23.1

10.6

34.7

1.0

5.5

19.6

0.2

5.3 2,576,966

Urban Urban Total 40.2

16.6

10.9

1.3

10.1

10.9

0.3

9.7 5,495,248

Urban Urban None 25.8

15.5

16.1

3.0

18.2

1.4

1.3

18.7 359,797

Urban Urban Primary 35.6

16.9

15.4

1.0

12.8

8.1

0.3

9.9 2,077,376

Urban Urban Secondary+ 45.1

16.6

7.3

1.2

7.4

13.8

0.1

8.5 3,058,075

Nyeri Total 27.9

12.4

36.4

0.7

6.5

11.6

0.4

4.1 287,235

Nyeri None 23.4

9.4

47.1

2.8

8.1

1.3

4.0

3.9 7,977

Nyeri Primary 26.0

11.7

44.6

0.5

7.0

5.8

0.5

3.8 132,580

Nyeri Secondary+ 29.8

13.2

28.4

0.8

5.8

17.4

0.2

4.4 146,678


10.7

44.3

0.8

3.3

12.1

0.5

3.9 32,443


9.1

57.2

2.8

4.1

1.2

4.5

3.2 689


10.4

51.1

0.6

3.3

5.2

0.5

3.6 14,904

29



11.1

37.7

0.9

3.3

18.5

0.3

4.2 16,850

Dedan Kimathi Ward Total 22.5

10.0

45.1

0.6

2.3

14.5

0.5

4.6 8,669

Dedan Kimathi Ward None 16.2

8.8

52.2

3.7

2.9

2.2

8.8

5.1 136

Dedan Kimathi Ward Primary 23.6

8.9

53.2

0.4

2.5

6.2

0.6

4.5 3,412

Dedan Kimathi Ward Secondary+ 21.9

10.8

39.5

0.6

2.1

20.3

0.2

4.6 5,121

Wamagana Ward Total 23.0

11.1

48.1

1.0

2.6

10.0

0.5

3.7 12,935

Wamagana Ward None 17.3

10.5

58.3

2.3

1.5

0.4

4.5

5.3 266

Wamagana Ward Primary 23.5

10.8

54.3

0.8

2.2

4.7

0.4

3.3 6,283

Wamagana Ward Secondary+ 22.7

11.4

41.7

1.1

3.1

15.7

0.4

4.0 6,386

Aguthi-Gaaki Ward Total 27.9

10.8

39.0

0.7

4.9

12.5

0.5

3.5 10,839

Aguthi-Gaaki Ward None 19.5

8.0

58.5

2.8

7.0

1.4

2.4

0.3 287

Aguthi-Gaaki Ward Primary 28.9 10.8 45.8 0.4

5.0 5.3

0.6 3.2 5,209

Aguthi-Gaaki Ward Secondary+ 27.5

10.9

31.3

1.0

4.7

20.3

0.3

4.0 5,343


11.1

39.6

0.5

7.4

10.6

0.3

3.8 74,435

Kieni Constituency None 26.0

6.5

49.6

1.9

8.7

1.0

2.7

3.7 2,365


10.4

46.1

0.3

7.6

6.0

0.3

3.5 38,777


12.1

31.3

0.7

7.0

16.6

0.2

4.1 33,293

Mweiga Ward Total 37.1

10.0

27.6

1.0

9.8

9.7

0.3

4.4 7,121

Mweiga Ward None 27.6

6.0

32.1

3.7

15.7

1.5

5.2

8.2 134

Mweiga Ward Primary 35.7

9.1

33.3

0.5

11.3

5.1

0.3

4.7 3,559

Mweiga Ward Secondary+ 38.9

11.1

21.6

1.4

8.1

14.8

0.1

4.0 3,428

Naromoru/Kiamathanga Ward Total

24.6

13.2

43.6

0.5

5.2

10.0

0.2

2.7 11,695

Naromoru/Kiamathanga Ward None

29.6

7.8

50.9

3.0

3.8

1.0

1.8

2.0 395

Naromoru/Kiamathanga Ward Primary

22.9

12.3

52.3

0.3

4.7

5.0

0.2

2.4 5,805

Naromoru/Kiamathanga Ward Secondary+

26.1

14.5

33.9

0.6

5.9

15.9

0.1

3.0 5,495

Mwiyogo/Endarasha Ward Total 21.6

7.7

47.7

0.3

7.3

11.7

0.4

3.2 7,772

Mwiyogo/Endarasha Ward None 35.1

7.7

36.9

1.8

13.1

0.5

3.2

1.8 222

Mwiyogo/Endarasha Ward Primary 20.2

6.7

55.5

0.2

7.7

6.6

0.5

2.5 4,134

Mwiyogo/Endarasha Ward Secondary+ 22.4

8.9

39.0

0.4

6.4

18.6

0.1

4.2 3,416

Mugunda Ward Total 24.2

11.5

41.1

0.6

5.0

12.7

0.5

4.5 9,062

Mugunda Ward None 18.9

9.8

47.1

1.2

11.9

0.4

6.6

4.1 244

30



Mugunda Ward Primary 23.7

11.6

46.1

0.4

4.9

7.7

0.3

5.1 5,214

Mugunda Ward Secondary+ 25.2

11.3

33.3

0.8

4.7

20.6

0.3

3.7 3,604

Gatarakwa Ward Total 18.5

8.3

57.2

0.2

1.8

12.7

0.3

1.0 8,096

Gatarakwa Ward None 20.0

2.9

60.0

2.1

2.1

2.9

8.6

1.4 140

Gatarakwa Ward Primary 17.3

7.9

64.5

0.1

1.6

7.6

0.2

0.8 4,790

Gatarakwa Ward Secondary+ 20.1

9.1

46.1

0.3

2.0

20.9

0.2

1.4 3,166

Thiegu River Ward Total 35.5

14.4

25.4

0.6

11.0

9.2

0.3

3.6 9,397

Thiegu River Ward None 43.7

8.4

23.4

1.9

13.8

2.3

3.1

3.4 261

Thiegu River Ward Primary 37.8

14.6

27.0

0.5

12.1

4.6

0.2

3.3 4,962

Thiegu River Ward Secondary+ 32.3

14.4

23.6

0.7

9.6

15.1

0.3

4.0 4,174

Kabaru Ward Total 19.6

6.9

58.2

0.3

3.4

9.5

0.2

1.8 9,508

Kabaru Ward None 11.9

4.8

77.4

1.1

2.0

0.2

1.3

1.3 455

Kabaru Ward Primary 20.5

6.0

62.8

0.1

3.5

5.3

0.2

1.5 5,074

Kabaru Ward Secondary+ 19.5

8.3

50.1

0.4

3.6

15.8

0.1

2.2 3,979

Gakawa Ward Total 32.7

14.1

20.5

0.8

14.0

10.0

0.2

7.7 11,784

Gakawa Ward None 27.2

5.1

45.5

1.8

12.3

0.8

0.2

7.2 514

Gakawa Ward Primary 30.6

13.5

25.2

0.6

16.0

6.4

0.2

7.4 5,239

Gakawa Ward Secondary+ 35.0

15.3

14.2

0.8

12.4

13.9

0.3

8.1 6,031


13.4

34.1

0.7

8.8

12.1

0.5

3.8 62,138


9.7

43.9

2.8

11.3

1.5

5.3

3.8 1,557


12.9

40.5

0.5

9.9

6.5

0.5

3.5 27,987


14.0

28.1

0.7

7.7

17.4

0.3

4.1 32,594

Ruguru Ward Total 22.4

11.3

42.3

0.6

10.3

9.7

0.5

2.9 8,983

Ruguru Ward None 19.4

7.1

48.8

0.9

13.7

0.5

8.1

1.4 211

Ruguru Ward Primary 22.5

10.7

47.0

0.5

10.2

6.0

0.5

2.7 4,411

Ruguru Ward Secondary+ 22.5

12.2

37.2

0.7

10.2

13.9

0.2

3.2 4,361

Magutu Ward Total 20.8

7.1

49.8

0.7

4.7

13.3

0.9

2.8 8,170

Magutu Ward None 15.8

5.4

66.0

3.8

1.9

1.1

4.6

1.4 368

Magutu Ward Primary 20.8

8.1

55.7

0.3

4.6

7.4

0.8

2.3 3,765

Magutu Ward Secondary+ 21.2

6.3

42.7

0.7

5.0

20.0

0.6

3.4 4,037

Iria-Ini Ward Total 28.7

12.9

36.2

0.7

5.6

12.6

0.4

2.9 12,099

31


Iria-Ini Ward None 29.1

13.0

42.6

2.7

3.1

1.3

5.8

2.2 223

Iria-Ini Ward Primary 31.0

12.0

41.1

0.5

6.4

6.4

0.5

2.2 5,547

Iria-Ini Ward Secondary+ 26.6

13.7

31.6

0.9

5.0

18.5

0.2

3.5 6,329

Konyu Ward Total 22.5

15.5

31.4

0.7

11.4

13.7

0.3

4.6 9,580

Konyu Ward None 18.4

10.2

38.0

4.3

16.1

2.4

4.7

5.9 255

Konyu Ward Primary 21.1

15.7

38.4

0.5

12.8

7.0

0.3

4.2 4,712

Konyu Ward Secondary+ 24.1

15.6

24.0

0.7

9.6

21.1

0.1

4.9 4,613

Kirimukuyu Ward Total 26.4

10.7

29.6

0.9

14.9

11.6

0.6

5.3 11,286

Kirimukuyu Ward None 23.2

9.9

27.1

2.5

24.6

1.8

4.9

6.0 284

Kirimukuyu Ward Primary 25.5

10.8

34.4

0.8

16.3

6.4

0.7

5.0 5,135

Kirimukuyu Ward Secondary+ 27.4

10.6

25.5

0.9

13.2

16.6

0.4

5.4 5,867

Karatina Town Ward Total 34.6

20.7

21.5

0.6

5.9

11.9

0.4

4.3 12,020

Karatina Town Ward None 28.2

15.3

31.5

1.9

10.2

1.9

4.6

6.5 216

Karatina Town Ward Primary 30.9

19.9

29.8

0.5

8.1

6.1

0.4

4.4 4,417

Karatina Town Ward Secondary+ 37.1

21.4

16.3

0.6

4.5

15.6

0.3

4.2 7,387


11.6

45.7

0.7

3.1

13.1

0.5

2.9 35,163


10.8

57.6

2.0

3.7

1.5

4.6

1.9 1,079


11.5

54.3

0.5

3.1

6.3

0.6

2.5 15,115


11.8

38.1

0.7

3.0

19.2

0.3

3.3 18,969

Mahiga Ward Total 17.9

10.4

54.0

0.8

1.6

12.3

0.5

2.4 8,825

Mahiga Ward None 13.9

10.0

65.2

1.0

3.2

1.3

4.2

1.3 310

Mahiga Ward Primary 17.1

11.4

61.3

0.8

1.4

5.4

0.6

2.0 4,380

Mahiga Ward Secondary+ 19.1

9.4

45.5

0.8

1.6

20.5

0.1

3.0 4,135


9.9

45.3

0.6

2.7

15.3

0.5

2.8 10,464


8.1

60.1

1.7

1.7

1.3

4.7

3.0 298


8.9

56.3

0.3

3.0

6.8

0.6

2.3 4,019


10.6

37.3

0.7

2.6

21.6

0.2

3.0 6,147

Chinga Ward Total 23.2

13.7

43.8

0.7

3.0

12.3

0.5

2.8 8,782

Chinga Ward None 19.0

13.8

54.7

2.4

2.8

1.2

4.5

1.6 247

Chinga Ward Primary 23.0

13.7

50.2

0.4

3.0

6.8

0.5

2.5 3,609

Chinga Ward Secondary+ 23.5

13.7

38.6

0.9

3.0

17.0

0.2

3.1 4,926

32



Karima Ward Total 26.3

13.2

38.1

0.5

5.6

11.7

0.7

3.8 7,092

Karima Ward None 20.1

12.1

46.9

3.6

8.0

2.2

5.4

1.8 224

Karima Ward Primary 24.3

12.7

46.6

0.4

5.7

6.2

0.7

3.4 3,107

Karima Ward Secondary+ 28.3

13.7

30.6

0.5

5.3

16.7

0.5

4.3 3,761


9.2

51.6

0.7

3.3

12.2

0.6

3.2 31,911


8.2

61.5

2.4

4.6

1.1

5.6

2.2 1,082


9.0

60.6

0.5

3.5

5.3

0.5

2.9 17,545


9.6

38.8

0.7

2.9

22.2

0.3

3.8 13,284

Gikondi Ward Total 13.6

6.8

63.7

0.5

3.2

10.0

0.3

2.0 6,412

Gikondi Ward None 13.2

3.4

69.6

2.5

4.9

2.0

2.9

1.5 204

Gikondi Ward Primary 12.8

6.3

71.2

0.4

3.0

4.6

0.3

1.5 3,815

Gikondi Ward Secondary+ 14.9

7.9

51.3

0.6

3.3

19.2

0.2

2.7 2,393

Rugi Ward Total 17.9

10.0

52.2

0.8

2.8

12.9

0.8

2.7 8,296

Rugi Ward None 12.9

10.2

56.1

3.5

6.3

1.2

8.6

1.2 255

Rugi Ward Primary 17.2

10.6

59.9

0.6

2.9

5.7

0.6

2.6 4,984

Rugi Ward Secondary+ 19.6

9.0

39.3

0.8

2.4

25.6

0.4

3.0 3,057

Mukurwe-Ini East Ward Total 21.5

9.8

46.3

0.6

4.0

12.2

0.6

4.9 6,440

Mukurwe-Ini East Ward None 14.4

7.2

58.9

1.7

5.1

1.3

6.8

4.7 236

Mukurwe-Ini East Ward Primary 22.1

9.8

53.7

0.4

4.5

4.4

0.4

4.5 3,270

Mukurwe-Ini East Ward Secondary+ 21.4

10.1

37.1

0.8

3.4

21.8

0.2

5.2 2,934

Mukurwe-Ini Central Ward Total 22.1

9.8

47.0

0.7

3.4

13.0

0.5

3.5 10,763

Mukurwe-Ini Central Ward None 15.8

10.1

62.3

2.1

3.1

0.5

4.4

1.8 387

Mukurwe-Ini Central Ward Primary 18.7

9.1

58.0

0.5

4.0

6.1

0.5

3.2 5,476

Mukurwe-Ini Central Ward Secondary+ 26.5

10.6

33.4

0.8

2.8

21.7

0.3

3.9 4,900


16.9

13.7

1.0

8.5

10.8

0.4

6.4 51,145


14.7

18.8

5.3

12.1

1.6

2.5

8.2 1,205


16.7

18.8

0.7

11.2

5.1

0.6

7.5 18,252


17.1

10.6

1.0

6.8

14.4

0.2

5.8 31,688

Kiganjo/Mathari Ward Total 41.9

11.6

14.2

1.2

12.2

10.5

0.7

7.7 9,270

Kiganjo/Mathari Ward None 37.2

7.5

20.1

10.2

13.0

2.4

2.4

7.2 293

Kiganjo/Mathari Ward Primary 39.8

12.1

17.0

0.6

15.1

6.1

1.0

8.4 4,113

33


Kiganjo/Mathari Ward Secondary+ 44.0

11.4

11.5

1.1

9.8

14.7

0.5

7.1 4,864

Rware Ward Total 49.5

22.3

3.7

1.0

6.6

9.4

0.1

7.4 10,653

Rware Ward None 39.4

23.3

5.3

3.4

14.6

2.8

0.3

10.9 322

Rware Ward Primary 46.2

25.5

4.2

0.9

8.9

3.3

0.2

10.8 3,027

Rware Ward Secondary+ 51.3

20.9

3.4

1.0

5.4

12.3

0.1

5.8 7,304

Gatitu/Muruguru Ward Total 40.9

15.3

15.5

0.6

9.6

12.6

0.4

5.0 9,304

Gatitu/Muruguru Ward None 37.6

17.7

21.0

1.6

14.0

-

2.7

5.4 186

Gatitu/Muruguru Ward Primary 41.7

14.6

20.5

0.4

12.2

5.0

0.5

5.1 3,659

Gatitu/Muruguru Ward Secondary+ 40.5

15.8

11.9

0.8

7.8

18.1

0.2

4.9 5,459

Ruringu Ward Total 39.7

19.5

18.3

1.1

5.5

9.1

0.3

6.5 10,020

Ruringu Ward None 35.1

10.1

22.3

6.9

8.0

1.1

6.4

10.1 188

Ruringu Ward Primary 34.6

19.0

26.3

1.2

7.1

4.4

0.3

7.1 3,198

Ruringu Ward Secondary+ 42.3

20.0

14.4

0.8

4.7

11.6

0.1

6.1 6,634

Kamakwa/Mukaro Ward Total 39.4

15.2

17.0

1.1

9.0

12.2

0.4

5.7 11,898

Kamakwa/Mukaro Ward None 33.3

13.0

31.9

3.2

9.3

0.5

2.3

6.5 216

Kamakwa/Mukaro Ward Primary 36.1

14.9

23.7

0.7

11.5

5.9

0.8

6.4 4,255

Kamakwa/Mukaro Ward Secondary+ 41.5

15.4

12.7

1.2

7.6

16.2

0.1

5.4 7,427

Table 36.5: Employment and Education Levels in Female Headed Households by County, Constituency and Wards

County, Constituency and Wards

Education Level reached

Work for Pay

Family Busi-ness

Family Agri-cultural holding

Internal/ Volunteer

Retired/Home-maker

Fulltime Student

Incapaci-tated

No work

Population (15-64)

Kenya National Total 18.87

11.91

32.74

1.20

9.85

16.66

0.69

8.08 5,518,645

Kenya National None 10.34

13.04

44.55

1.90

16.45

0.80

1.76

11.17 974,824

Kenya National Primary 16.74

11.75

37.10

0.89

9.82

16.23

0.59

6.89 2,589,877

Kenya National Secondary+ 25.95

11.57

21.07

1.27

6.59

25.16

0.28

8.11 1,953,944

Rural Rural Total 31.53

15.66

12.80

1.54

9.33

16.99

0.54

11.60 1,781,078

Rural Rural None 8.36

12.26

50.31

1.60

15.77

0.59

1.67

9.44 794,993

Rural Rural Primary 13.02

9.90

43.79

0.81

9.49

17.03

0.60

5.36 1,924,111

Rural Rural Secondary+ 15.97

8.87

33.03

1.06

6.80

27.95

0.34

5.98 1,018,463

Urban Urban Total 12.83

10.12

42.24

1.04

10.09

16.51

0.76

6.40 3,737,567

Urban Urban None 19.09

16.50

19.04

3.22

19.45

1.70

2.18

18.83 179,831

34



Urban Urban Primary 27.49

17.07

17.79

1.13

10.76

13.93

0.55

11.29 665,766

Urban Urban Secondary+ 36.81

14.50

8.06

1.51

6.36

22.11

0.22

10.43 935,481

Nyeri Total 23.89

10.52

35.32

0.88

6.72

16.88

0.84

4.94 118,545

Nyeri None 17.57

9.08

47.26

3.45

10.76

1.37

6.12

4.38 5,474

Nyeri Primary 23.29

10.44

43.67

0.50

7.38

9.16

0.85

4.70 52,767

Nyeri Secondary+ 24.99

10.72

26.93

0.97

5.78

25.04

0.36

5.20 60,304


8.16

46.30

0.88

3.63

16.07

0.96

4.59 13,344


8.67

60.15

2.95

4.24

0.92

7.20

2.21 542


8.12

53.20

0.51

3.78

7.66

0.78

4.44 5,876


8.16

39.36

1.04

3.47

24.39

0.62

4.89 6,926

Dedan Kimathi Ward Total 18.93

6.27

45.59

0.91

2.99

18.88

0.94

5.49 3,718

Dedan Kimathi Ward None 17.24

6.90

53.45

3.45

6.03 -

9.48

3.45 116

Dedan Kimathi Ward Primary 21.88

5.83

53.70

0.41

3.57

8.23

0.89

5.49 1,458

Dedan Kimathi Ward Secondary+ 17.02

6.53

39.65

1.12

2.43

27.15

0.51

5.60 2,144

Wamagana Ward Total 18.10

8.76

49.82

1.04

3.63

13.41

1.10

4.14 5,287

Wamagana Ward None 11.01

8.72

62.39

2.75

3.21

1.38

8.26

2.29 218

Wamagana Ward Primary 18.74

8.66

56.10

0.59

3.50

6.73

0.87

4.80 2,540

Wamagana Ward Secondary+ 18.07

8.86

42.43

1.34

3.80

21.15

0.71

3.64 2,529

Aguthi-Gaaki Ward Total 21.41

9.06

42.61

0.67

4.19

16.89

0.81

4.36 4,339

Aguthi-Gaaki Ward None 14.42

9.62

61.54

2.88

4.33

0.96

4.81

1.44 208

Aguthi-Gaaki Ward Primary 24.97

9.16

48.88

0.48

4.31

8.47

0.59

3.14 1,878

Aguthi-Gaaki Ward Secondary+ 19.09

8.92

35.64

0.62

4.08

25.39

0.62

5.64 2,253


9.98

34.94

0.64

8.32

17.10

0.66

4.60 27,543

Kieni Constituency None 21.14

8.44

42.72

2.24

12.55

1.57

5.23

6.12 1,339


9.70

41.38

0.39

8.77

10.62

0.59

4.34 13,823


10.47

26.91

0.73

7.36

26.02

0.25

4.72 12,381

Mweiga Ward Total 31.93

9.08

26.48

0.96

9.90

15.18

0.96

5.52 2,919

Mweiga Ward None 23.30

7.77

28.16

1.94

19.42 -

8.74

10.68 103

Mweiga Ward Primary 34.45

7.57

29.88

0.41

11.46

8.87

0.95

6.41 1,466

Mweiga Ward Secondary+ 29.85

10.81

22.67

1.48

7.48

23.19

0.37

4.15 1,350

Naromoru/Kiamathanga Ward Total

23.52

11.94

38.80

0.75

6.01

15.74

0.53

2.71 4,129

35


Naromoru/Kiamathanga Ward None

22.91

9.25

46.26

3.52

9.69

1.76

4.41

2.20 227

Naromoru/Kiamathanga Ward Primary

21.22

11.94

47.71

0.37

5.54

9.91

0.48

2.83 1,876

Naromoru/Kiamathanga Ward Secondary+

25.72

12.24

29.71

0.79

6.02

22.70

0.15

2.67 2,026

Mwiyogo/Endarasha Ward Total 17.56

6.47

43.08

0.34

9.73

18.96

0.65

3.20 3,217

Mwiyogo/Endarasha Ward None 18.38

5.88

53.68

2.21

14.71 -

2.94

2.21 136

Mwiyogo/Endarasha Ward Primary 17.34

5.58

51.26

0.06

10.70

12.29

0.65

2.12 1,701

Mwiyogo/Endarasha Ward Secondary+ 17.75

7.61

31.96

0.51

8.04

29.06

0.43

4.64 1,380

Mugunda Ward Total 20.60

10.69

35.96

0.59

6.30

19.99

0.97

4.89 3,902

Mugunda Ward None 25.13

5.13

46.67

1.03

10.77

2.05

7.69

1.54 195

Mugunda Ward Primary 22.12

11.99

40.66

0.60

6.32

12.36

0.93

5.02 2,152

Mugunda Ward Secondary+ 17.94

9.58

28.10

0.51

5.72

32.80

0.19

5.14 1,555

Gatarakwa Ward Total 18.02

7.46

51.25

0.45

2.35

18.13

0.52

1.83 2,681

Gatarakwa Ward None 14.71

6.86

65.69

3.92

4.90

0.98

2.94

- 102

Gatarakwa Ward Primary 20.30

7.71

56.90

0.13

2.31

11.11

0.45

1.09 1,557

Gatarakwa Ward Secondary+ 14.87

7.14

41.19

0.59

2.15

30.53

0.39

3.13 1,022

Thiegu River Ward Total 27.05

15.04

24.15

0.69

12.26

15.46

0.79

4.56 3,312

Thiegu River Ward None 24.02

16.20

26.82

3.91

14.53

1.68

8.38

4.47 179

Thiegu River Ward Primary 29.51

15.85

28.17

0.55

13.66

7.83

0.55

3.89 1,647

Thiegu River Ward Secondary+ 24.70

14.00

19.38

0.47

10.43

25.57

0.13

5.32 1,486

Kabaru Ward Total 20.44

6.63

51.18

0.44

3.86

14.90

0.47

2.08 3,214

Kabaru Ward None 16.56

6.37

54.78

1.27

10.19

1.91

5.10

3.82 157

Kabaru Ward Primary 22.59

5.90

56.32

0.18

3.58

9.42

0.30

1.73 1,678

Kabaru Ward Secondary+ 18.27

7.54

44.53

0.65

3.48

23.06

0.15

2.32 1,379

Gakawa Ward Total 29.65

10.94

15.38

0.79

14.44

17.99

0.43

10.39 4,169

Gakawa Ward None 20.42

8.33

30.42

0.83

15.83

2.50

2.50

19.17 240

Gakawa Ward Primary 28.18

9.91

19.76

0.74

17.24

12.43

0.34

11.40 1,746

Gakawa Ward Secondary+ 31.84

12.05

10.22

0.82

12.05

24.14

0.27

8.61 2,183


11.73

32.22

0.96

9.77

16.53

0.91

4.19 26,323


9.27

37.74

4.38

17.52

1.52

6.07

3.71 1,187


12.30

38.90

0.58

10.61

9.20

0.95

4.00 11,603


11.45

26.00

0.99

8.38

24.13

0.43

4.40 13,533

36



Ruguru Ward Total 19.18

9.96

40.05

1.01

11.91

13.88

0.65

3.36 4,165

Ruguru Ward None 20.28

8.96

42.45

4.72

16.51

0.94

3.77

2.36 212

Ruguru Ward Primary 20.57

10.08

44.98

0.71

11.09

8.81

0.61

3.14 1,974

Ruguru Ward Secondary+ 17.69

9.95

34.87

0.91

12.23

20.31

0.35

3.69 1,979

Magutu Ward Total 19.56

6.26

45.15

0.92

6.14

17.42

1.63

2.91 3,369

Magutu Ward None 17.33

5.94

51.49

4.95

8.42

0.99

9.41

1.49 202

Magutu Ward Primary 23.14

6.99

49.08

0.46

5.69

10.85

1.50

2.29 1,530

Magutu Ward Secondary+ 16.49

5.62

40.68

0.86

6.29

25.60

0.79

3.67 1,637


10.82

34.23

0.46

5.69

17.74

1.12

2.66 4,549


12.00

44.50

0.50

8.00

1.50

9.00

1.00 200


10.79

39.02

0.10

6.27

9.04

1.21

2.19 2,058


10.74

29.03

0.79

4.98

26.98

0.35

3.23 2,291

Konyu Ward Total 19.13

15.15

28.05

1.25

11.10

19.25

0.60

5.47 3,512

Konyu Ward None 14.79

7.69

35.50

7.69

24.85

4.14

3.55

1.78 169

Konyu Ward Primary 19.07

16.39

34.15

1.07

13.05

8.94

0.72

6.62 1,678

Konyu Ward Secondary+ 19.64

14.65

21.14

0.78

7.75

31.17

0.18

4.68 1,665

Kirimukuyu Ward Total 20.59

8.27

31.98

1.08

17.06

14.77

0.91

5.34 5,187

Kirimukuyu Ward None 20.28

7.55

29.72

5.19

29.25

0.47

2.36

5.19 212

Kirimukuyu Ward Primary 18.36

9.42

39.97

0.61

18.62

7.16

0.91

4.95 2,304

Kirimukuyu Ward Secondary+ 22.54

7.34

25.27

1.16

14.75

22.46

0.79

5.69 2,671

Karatina Town Ward Total 32.38

18.19

19.69

1.06

6.06

16.93

0.70

4.98 5,541

Karatina Town Ward None 21.88

13.54

21.88

3.65

18.75

1.56

8.33

10.42 192

Karatina Town Ward Primary 27.83

19.77

28.07

0.58

7.19

11.02

0.83

4.71 2,059

Karatina Town Ward Secondary+ 35.84

17.48

14.32

1.22

4.62

21.52

0.18

4.83 3,290


9.84

44.59

0.73

3.07

16.71

1.02

3.89 15,258


8.61

61.54

2.99

5.05

0.92

5.63

2.30 871


9.88

52.05

0.56

2.79

8.66

1.15

3.46 6,620


9.95

36.33

0.63

3.08

25.35

0.40

4.43 7,767

Mahiga Ward Total 16.32

8.11

52.03

0.83

1.40

16.53

0.88

3.90 3,848

Mahiga Ward None 10.28

8.88

67.76

1.87

3.27

0.93

4.21

2.80 214

Mahiga Ward Primary 17.24

7.59

60.49

0.70

1.36

8.18

1.03

3.41 1,845

37


Mahiga Ward Secondary+ 16.10

8.55

41.42

0.84

1.23

27.00

0.34

4.53 1,789


7.97

46.43

0.76

2.37

17.51

1.07

3.12 4,101


5.83

68.33

2.92

3.33

0.83

5.83

1.25 240


7.59

53.89

0.61

1.84

10.17

1.35

2.45 1,633


8.48

38.60

0.63

2.65

24.69

0.36

3.82 2,228

Chinga Ward Total 21.65

12.54

40.45

0.63

3.47

16.90

1.23

3.13 3,829

Chinga Ward None 13.24

12.33

55.25

3.20

5.48

0.91

6.39

3.20 219

Chinga Ward Primary 24.62

13.51

45.29

0.38

2.76

9.55

1.38

2.51 1,592

Chinga Ward Secondary+ 20.22

11.79

35.03

0.55

3.82

24.43

0.55

3.62 2,018

Karima Ward Total 21.95

11.01

38.76

0.72

5.29

15.78

0.89

5.60 3,480

Karima Ward None 17.17

7.58

53.54

4.04

8.59

1.01

6.06

2.02 198

Karima Ward Primary 22.52

11.29

47.03

0.52

5.55

6.71

0.84

5.55 1,550

Karima Ward Secondary+ 22.00

11.14

29.68

0.52

4.68

25.58

0.35

6.06 1,732


7.64

50.58

0.77

3.90

17.89

0.78

3.68 15,072


8.01

64.46

2.25

5.63

1.50

7.13

2.50 799


7.65

60.26

0.50

4.19

8.64

0.58

3.33 7,776


7.57

37.28

0.91

3.34

30.98

0.23

4.23 6,497

Gikondi Ward Total 10.23

5.64

61.79

0.62

4.17

14.54

0.79

2.23 3,549

Gikondi Ward None 6.82

3.41

66.48

2.27

10.23

1.14

9.09

0.57 176

Gikondi Ward Primary 10.77

5.26

70.22

0.52

3.86

6.96

0.52

1.91 1,941

Gikondi Ward Secondary+ 9.92

6.42

49.79

0.56

3.84

26.47

0.14

2.86 1,432

Rugi Ward Total 15.63

7.79

49.02

0.57

3.58

19.57

0.66

3.19 3,352

Rugi Ward None 13.02

9.47

61.54

2.96

4.14

1.78

5.33

1.78 169

Rugi Ward Primary 15.83

8.37

58.80

0.32

3.86

9.01

0.59

3.22 1,864

Rugi Ward Secondary+ 15.69

6.75

33.59

0.61

3.11

36.77

0.15

3.34 1,319

Mukurwe-Ini East Ward Total 14.79

7.45

48.38

0.86

4.07

18.78

1.05

4.61 3,706

Mukurwe-Ini East Ward None 6.40

6.90

67.49

1.97

5.42

0.49

8.87

2.46 203

Mukurwe-Ini East Ward Primary 15.97

8.09

57.16

0.72

4.52

8.54

0.72

4.30 1,816

Mukurwe-Ini East Ward Secondary+ 14.52

6.82

36.63

0.89

3.44

32.01

0.47

5.22 1,687

Mukurwe-Ini Central Ward Total 17.72

9.27

44.66

0.96

3.78

18.57

0.63

4.41 4,465

Mukurwe-Ini Central Ward None 8.37

11.16

62.55

1.99

3.59

2.39

5.58

4.38 251

38



Mukurwe-Ini Central Ward Primary 16.71

8.82

55.17

0.46

4.50

9.93

0.51

3.90 2,155

Mukurwe-Ini Central Ward Secondary+ 19.91

9.52

31.47

1.36

3.06

29.58

0.15

4.95 2,059


13.78

15.04

1.27

7.46

16.94

0.85

8.22 21,005


11.96

25.82

6.39

13.72

1.49

6.52

8.42 736


14.37

21.94

0.55

10.16

8.54

1.27

9.46 7,069


13.56

10.75

1.36

5.66

22.30

0.30

7.55 13,200

Kiganjo/Mathari Ward Total 29.92

8.56

17.75

2.00

11.32

19.30

1.63

9.51 3,994

Kiganjo/Mathari Ward None 18.09

7.04

31.16

9.55

17.59

2.51

7.04

7.04 199

Kiganjo/Mathari Ward Primary 32.10

8.39

21.65

0.56

14.27

10.51

2.07

10.45 1,598

Kiganjo/Mathari Ward Secondary+ 29.40

8.83

13.70

2.37

8.60

27.22

0.82

9.06 2,197

Rware Ward Total 45.18

19.06

3.93

1.09

4.79

15.64

0.26

10.05 4,219

Rware Ward None 31.58

25.56

7.52

5.26

12.03

1.50

4.51

12.03 133

Rware Ward Primary 40.12

25.70

5.27

0.41

7.17

7.33

0.16

13.84 1,214

Rware Ward Secondary+ 47.95

15.95

3.20

1.18

3.45

19.81

0.10

8.36 2,872

Gatitu/Muruguru Ward Total 34.90

11.26

18.18

0.80

8.93

18.20

1.11

6.60 3,862

Gatitu/Muruguru Ward None 28.85

7.69

31.41

1.92

12.18

1.28

7.69

8.97 156

Gatitu/Muruguru Ward Primary 35.64

11.05

25.31

0.29

10.69

8.29

1.82

6.91 1,375

Gatitu/Muruguru Ward Secondary+ 34.88

11.63

13.08

1.03

7.68

25.18

0.26

6.26 2,331

Ruringu Ward Total 36.96

16.98

17.82

0.89

5.25

13.68

0.61

7.82 4,270

Ruringu Ward None 31.03

13.79

25.86

3.45

11.21

0.86

7.76

6.03 116

Ruringu Ward Primary 32.46

16.15

27.42

0.50

6.64

6.48

0.67

9.67 1,189

Ruringu Ward Secondary+ 38.99

17.44

13.66

0.94

4.45

17.07

0.30

7.15 2,965

Kamakwa/Mukaro Ward Total 34.94

12.62

17.64

1.52

7.36

18.05

0.71

7.17 4,660

Kamakwa/Mukaro Ward None 22.73

9.09

29.55

10.61

13.64

0.76

5.30

8.33 132

Kamakwa/Mukaro Ward Primary 29.89

13.35

27.58

0.89

10.45

9.21

1.30

7.32 1,693

Kamakwa/Mukaro Ward Secondary+ 38.52

12.35

11.15

1.48

5.22

24.13

0.14

7.02 2,835

Table 36.6: Gini Coefficient by County, Constituency and Ward

County/Constituency/Wards Pop. Share Mean Consump. Share Gini

Kenya 1 3,440 1 0.445

Rural 0.688 2,270 0.454 0.361

Urban 0.312 6,010 0.546 0.368

Nyeri County 0.018 3,850 0.020 0.365

39


Tetu Constituency 0.002 3,140 0.0019 0.303

Dedan Kimathi 0.001 3,170 0.0005 0.290

Wamagana 0.001 3,030 0.0007 0.308

Aguthi-Gaaki 0.001 3,250 0.0007 0.305

Kieni Constituency 0.005 3,570 0.0048 0.351

Mweiga 0.000 4,120 0.0005 0.355

Naromoru/Kiamathanga 0.001 3,510 0.0007 0.300

Mwiyogo/Endarasha 0.001 3,250 0.0005 0.336

Mugunda 0.001 2,870 0.0005 0.318

Gatarakwa 0.001 2,650 0.0004 0.295

Thiegu River 0.001 4,020 0.0007 0.364

Kabaru 0.001 3,040 0.0005 0.299

Gakawa 0.001 4,890 0.0010 0.378

Mathira Constituency 0.004 3,420 0.0039 0.314

Ruguru 0.001 3,020 0.0005 0.320

Magutu 0.001 3,140 0.0005 0.310

Iria-Ini 0.001 3,450 0.0007 0.289

Konyu 0.001 3,710 0.0006 0.352

Kirimukuyu 0.001 3,270 0.0007 0.302

Karatina Town 0.001 3,860 0.0008 0.295

Othaya Constituency 0.002 3,320 0.0022 0.337

Mahiga 0.001 2,940 0.0005 0.309

Iria-Ini 0.001 3,520 0.0007 0.356

Chinga 0.001 3,210 0.0005 0.305

Karima 0.001 3,610 0.0005 0.361

Mukurwe-Ini Constituency 0.002 2,990 0.0019 0.343

Gikondi 0.000 2,540 0.0004 0.313

Rugi 0.001 2,730 0.0004 0.315

Mukurwe-Ini East 0.000 3,010 0.0004 0.309

Mukurwe-Ini Central 0.001 3,500 0.0007 0.380

Nyeri Town Constituency 0.003 6,410 0.0055 0.325

Kiganjo/Mathari 0.001 5,650 0.0009 0.365

Rware 0.001 8,390 0.0014 0.275

Gatitu/Muruguru 0.001 6,430 0.0011 0.331

Ruringu 0.001 5,520 0.0009 0.275

Kamakwa/Mukaro 0.001 6,150 0.0012 0.315

Table 36.7: Education by County, Constituency and Wards

County/Constituency/Wards None Primary Secondary+ Total Pop

Kenya 25.2 52.0 22.8 34,024,396

Rural 29.5 54.7 15.9 23,314,262

Urban 15.8 46.2 38.0 10,710,134

Nyeri County 12.2 54.0 33.9 630,578

Tetu Constituency 12.0 54.0 33.9 72,921

Dedan Kimathi 10.5 50.3 39.2 19,419

Wamagana 11.8 56.4 31.9 28,958

Aguthi-Gaaki 13.5 54.3 32.3 24,544

40



Kieni Constituency 12.8 57.8 29.5 159,851

Mweiga 12.7 55.7 31.6 15,490

Naromoru/Kiamathanga 12.5 55.1 32.4 23,908

Mwiyogo/Endarasha 13.2 59.0 27.8 17,814

Mugunda 12.9 62.3 24.9 21,480

Gatarakwa 12.5 62.9 24.7 17,435

Thiegu River 12.4 57.7 29.9 19,590

Kabaru 12.7 59.7 27.7 20,046

Gakawa 13.4 51.6 35.0 24,088

Mathira Constituency 11.3 53.9 34.9 137,171

Ruguru 11.6 57.3 31.2 21,273

Magutu 12.7 54.7 32.7 18,007

Iria-Ini 11.4 54.0 34.7 25,769

Konyu 11.6 56.3 32.2 20,165

Kirimukuyu 11.4 55.1 33.5 26,609

Karatina Town 9.5 47.2 43.4 25,348

Othaya Constituency 13.8 52.0 34.2 79,749

Mahiga 13.4 56.2 30.4 20,166

Iria-Ini 13.7 49.1 37.3 22,218

Chinga 13.8 50.3 35.9 20,049

Karima 14.5 52.6 32.9 17,316

Mukurwe-Ini Constituency 13.2 60.3 26.6 77,810

Gikondi 13.4 63.2 23.4 17,179

Rugi 12.6 63.6 23.8 19,189

Mukurwe-Ini East 14.1 57.5 28.5 17,077

Mukurwe-Ini Central 12.9 57.5 29.7 24,365

Nyeri Town Constituency 10.6 44.9 44.6 103,076

Kiganjo/Mathari 11.9 52.2 35.9 19,809

Rware 9.2 37.9 53.0 19,585

Gatitu/Muruguru 11.7 47.2 41.2 19,671

Ruringu 10.0 41.0 49.0 20,076

Kamakwa/Mukaro 10.2 45.9 43.9 23,935

Table 36.8: Education for Male and Female Headed Households by County, Constituency and Ward

County/Constituency/Wards None Primary Secondary+ Total Pop None Primary Secondary+ Total Pop

Kenya 23.5 51.8 24.7 16,819,031 26.8 52.2 21.0

17,205,365

Rural 27.7 54.9 17.4 11,472,394 31.2 54.4 14.4

11,841,868

Urban 14.4 45.2 40.4 5,346,637 17.2 47.2 35.6

5,363,497

Nyeri County 10.6 54.6 34.8 306,499 13.7 53.3 33.0

324,079

Tetu Constituency 10.0 54.3 35.8 34,978 13.9 53.9 32.2

37,943

Dedan Kimathi 9.1 49.6 41.3 9,516 11.9 51.0 37.1

9,903

Wamagana 9.8 56.5 33.7 13,652 13.5 56.3 30.2

15,306

41


Aguthi-Gaaki 10.8 55.4 33.8 11,810 15.9 53.2 30.9

12,734

Kieni Constituency 11.9 58.1 30.1 80,319 13.7 57.5 28.8

79,532

Mweiga 11.9 54.6 33.5 7,746 13.5 56.8 29.8

7,744

Naromoru/Kiamathanga 11.8 55.9 32.4 12,111 13.2 54.4 32.4

11,797

Mwiyogo/Endarasha 11.7 59.2 29.1 8,676 14.7 58.7 26.6

9,138

Mugunda 11.3 63.1 25.6 10,573 14.4 61.5 24.1

10,907

Gatarakwa 11.3 63.2 25.6 8,819 13.7 62.6 23.8

8,616

Thiegu River 11.6 58.6 29.9 10,072 13.2 56.8 30.0

9,518

Kabaru 12.4 59.8 27.8 10,172 13.0 59.5 27.5

9,874

Gakawa 12.8 51.8 35.4 12,150 14.0 51.4 34.6

11,938

Mathira Constituency 9.8 54.8 35.4 65,964 12.6 53.0 34.4

71,207

Ruguru 9.8 57.7 32.6 10,382 13.3 56.9 29.8

10,891

Magutu 11.8 55.2 33.1 8,735 13.6 54.2 32.3

9,272

Iria-Ini 9.5 54.9 35.6 12,316 13.2 53.1 33.8

13,453

Konyu 9.6 57.8 32.6 9,697 13.3 54.8 31.9

10,468

Kirimukuyu 10.0 55.6 34.5 12,799 12.8 54.6 32.7

13,810

Karatina Town 8.9 48.5 42.6 12,035 10.0 46.0 44.0

13,313

Othaya Constituency 11.1 53.1 35.8 37,893 16.3 50.9 32.8

41,856

Mahiga 10.5 57.6 32.0 9,648 16.1 55.0 29.0

10,518

Iria-Ini 11.5 50.5 38.0 10,564 15.6 47.8 36.6

11,654

Chinga 11.1 50.5 38.4 9,629 16.3 50.2 33.5

10,420

Karima 11.3 54.3 34.5 8,052 17.3 51.1 31.6

9,264

Mukurwe-Ini Constituency 10.7 61.3 28.1 37,230 15.5 59.3 25.2

40,580

Gikondi 10.8 64.7 24.5 8,251 15.8 61.9 22.4

8,928

Rugi 10.2 64.4 25.4 9,275 14.9 62.9 22.2

9,914

Mukurwe-Ini East 11.3 58.1 30.6 7,943 16.4 56.9 26.6

9,134

Mukurwe-Ini Central 10.5 58.6 30.9 11,761 15.0 56.4 28.6

12,604

Nyeri Town Constituency 9.6 45.3 45.1 50,115 11.4 44.5 44.1

52,961

42



Kiganjo/Mathari 10.2 52.4 37.4 9,892 13.6 52.0 34.4

9,917

Rware 8.7 37.3 54.0 9,573 9.6 38.4 52.1

10,012

Gatitu/Muruguru 10.3 48.3 41.4 9,551 13.0 46.1 40.9

10,120

Ruringu 9.6 41.8 48.7 9,470 10.4 40.3 49.4

10,606

Kamakwa/Mukaro 9.4 46.3 44.3 11,629 10.9 45.6 43.6

12,306

Table 36.9: Cooking Fuel by County, Constituency and Wards

County/Constituency/Wards Electricity Paraffin LPG Biogas Firewood Charcoal Solar Other Households

Kenya 0.8 11.7 5.1 0.7 64.4 17.0 0.1 0.3 8,493,380

Rural 0.2 1.4 0.6 0.3 90.3 7.1 0.1 0.1 5,239,879

Urban 1.8 28.3 12.3 1.4 22.7 32.8 0.0 0.6 3,253,501

Nyeri County 0.7 5.3 4.7 0.5 72.8 15.8 0.1 0.2 199,476

Tetu Constituency 0.4 1.7 1.5 0.4 91.3 4.6 0.1 0.0 21,428

Dedan Kimathi 0.5 1.4 1.7 0.3 91.2 4.9 0.0 0.1 5,717

Wamagana 0.5 1.9 1.3 0.4 91.4 4.4 0.1 - 8,583

Aguthi-Gaaki 0.3 1.7 1.6 0.4 91.3 4.5 0.1 0.1 7,128

Kieni Constituency 0.4 2.9 2.1 0.3 70.4 23.6 0.1 0.2 50,898

Mweiga 0.9 3.6 3.0 0.5 63.3 28.5 0.1 0.1 5,243

Naromoru/Kiamathanga 0.4 3.4 3.9 0.2 64.7 27.1 0.1 0.2 7,879

Mwiyogo/Endarasha 0.3 1.5 0.8 0.2 78.3 18.8 0.1 0.0 5,323

Mugunda 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.2 84.4 14.3 0.2 0.1 6,597

Gatarakwa - 0.5 0.2 0.1 85.6 13.4 0.2 0.1 5,043

Thiegu River 0.5 4.5 2.2 0.4 64.5 27.6 0.1 0.1 6,720

Kabaru 0.1 1.8 0.6 0.5 80.3 16.3 0.1 0.2 6,172

Gakawa 0.8 5.8 4.5 0.4 51.4 36.5 0.2 0.4 7,921

Mathira Constituency 1.1 5.6 3.9 0.4 76.9 11.9 0.1 0.1 43,437

Ruguru 1.1 1.9 1.5 0.3 87.3 7.8 0.0 0.0 6,513

Magutu 1.1 2.5 1.5 0.4 89.1 5.2 0.1 0.0 5,471

Iria-Ini 0.4 2.5 1.9 0.3 82.6 12.1 0.1 0.1 8,314

Konyu 0.4 5.5 2.3 0.5 73.9 17.2 0.0 0.1 6,535

Kirimukuyu 0.6 1.9 1.7 0.2 90.5 5.0 0.1 0.0 7,977

Karatina Town 2.9 16.8 12.4 0.4 45.5 21.5 0.0 0.4 8,627

Othaya Constituency 0.5 4.2 3.0 0.3 86.2 5.7 0.0 0.1 23,907

Mahiga 0.4 1.4 0.9 0.3 93.8 3.1 0.0 0.1 5,878

Iria-Ini 0.7 7.0 5.0 0.5 78.4 8.2 0.0 0.2 6,642

Chinga 0.5 2.7 1.6 0.2 90.0 5.0 0.0 0.1 5,956

Karima 0.4 5.5 4.6 0.1 83.1 6.1 0.0 0.2 5,431

Mukurwe-Ini Constituency 0.2 2.7 1.3 0.3 91.2 4.1 0.1 0.1 23,850

Gikondi 0.1 0.8 0.3 0.2 96.9 1.6 0.0 0.0 5,084

Rugi 0.1 1.9 0.5 0.3 95.0 2.1 0.1 0.1 5,769

Mukurwe-Ini East 0.2 1.5 1.0 0.2 91.5 5.5 0.1 0.1 5,357

Mukurwe-Ini Central 0.4 5.5 2.8 0.3 84.5 6.4 0.1 0.1 7,640

43


Nyeri Town Constituency 1.2 12.9 14.8 1.1 38.8 30.5 0.0 0.6 35,956

Kiganjo/Mathari 1.2 6.8 7.7 0.7 64.7 18.0 0.0 0.7 6,299

Rware 1.7 20.9 24.5 1.6 6.6 43.1 0.0 1.5 8,095

Gatitu/Muruguru 1.1 7.6 10.3 0.8 57.4 22.6 0.0 0.1 6,341

Ruringu 1.1 15.8 20.8 0.7 31.1 30.0 0.0 0.4 7,105

Kamakwa/Mukaro 1.0 11.3 8.7 1.7 42.9 34.1 0.0 0.2 8,116

Table 36.10: Cooking Fuel for Male Headed Households by County, Constituency and Wards


Kenya 0.9 13.5 5.3 0.8 61.4 17.7 0.1 0.4 5,762,320

Rural 0.2 1.6 0.6 0.3 89.6 7.5 0.1 0.1 3,413,616

Urban 1.9 30.9 12.0 1.4 20.4 32.5 0.0 0.7 2,348,704

Nyeri County 0.8 5.8 4.6 0.5 71.8 16.2 0.1 0.3 128,319


Dedan Kimathi 0.6 1.8 1.8 0.3 90.4 5.0 0.0 0.1 3,633

Wamagana 0.6 2.1 1.4 0.5 90.9 4.5 0.1 0.0 5,429

Aguthi-Gaaki 0.4 2.0 1.8 0.4 90.5 4.8 0.1 0.1 4,485


Mweiga 1.0 4.8 3.0 0.6 63.0 27.5 0.1 0.1 3,409



Mugunda 0.0 0.6 0.4 0.3 83.8 14.6 0.2 0.1 4,233

Gatarakwa 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.0 85.0 13.9 0.3 0.1 3,501

Thiegu River 0.4 4.9 1.8 0.5 63.4 28.7 0.1 0.2 4,670

Kabaru 0.2 2.1 0.7 0.5 79.7 16.5 0.1 0.2 4,268

Gakawa 0.8 6.6 4.0 0.4 51.5 36.0 0.2 0.4 5,428


Ruguru 1.6 2.4 1.8 0.3 86.1 7.7 0.0 0.0 4,064

Magutu 1.0 2.8 1.5 0.5 89.3 4.8 0.1 0.1 3,444

Iria-Ini 0.4 2.7 1.9 0.3 82.2 12.2 0.1 0.2 5,494

Konyu 0.4 5.8 2.2 0.5 74.2 16.7 0.0 0.1 4,304

Kirimukuyu 0.7 1.9 1.5 0.3 90.2 5.2 0.1 0.0 4,953

Karatina Town 2.7 16.4 12.4 0.5 46.4 21.0 0.0 0.6 5,356


Mahiga 0.5 1.5 0.8 0.3 94.0 2.8 0.0 0.1 3,640

Iria-Ini 0.8 7.3 5.1 0.6 78.0 8.0 0.0 0.2 4,219

Chinga 0.5 2.8 1.5 0.2 90.1 4.8 0.0 0.1 3,753

Karima 0.3 5.6 5.0 0.1 82.8 6.0 0.0 0.2 3,222


Gikondi 0.1 0.9 0.2 0.2 96.9 1.6 0.0 0.1 2,893

Rugi 0.1 2.0 0.6 0.4 94.8 2.0 0.1 0.1 3,623

Mukurwe-Ini East 0.3 1.7 1.1 0.3 90.6 5.9 0.1 0.1 2,947

44





Kiganjo/Mathari 1.4 7.8 7.7 0.7 62.2 19.1 0.1 1.0 4,205

Rware 1.7 22.2 24.0 1.4 6.6 42.0 0.0 2.1 5,443

Gatitu/Muruguru 1.2 8.1 9.7 0.9 56.4 23.6 0.0 0.1 4,098

Ruringu 1.3 16.5 18.4 0.7 31.5 30.9 0.1 0.6 4,597

Kamakwa/Mukaro 1.1 12.6 8.4 1.5 41.1 34.8 0.0 0.3 5,365

Table 36.11: Cooking Fuel for Female Headed Households by County, Constituency and Wards


Kenya 0.6 7.9 4.6 0.7 70.6 15.5 0.0 0.1 2,731,060

Rural 0.1 1.0 0.5 0.3 91.5 6.5 0.0 0.1 1,826,263

Urban 1.6 21.7 13.0 1.5 28.5 33.6 0.0 0.3 904,797

Nyeri County 0.6 4.5 4.9 0.4 74.4 15.0 0.1 0.1 71,157


Dedan Kimathi 0.3 0.6 1.5 0.1 92.7 4.8 - 0.0 2,084

Wamagana 0.3 1.7 1.0 0.3 92.3 4.3 0.1 - 3,154

Aguthi-Gaaki 0.1 1.2 1.3 0.2 92.8 4.2 0.1 0.1 2,643


Mweiga 0.6 1.5 2.9 0.4 64.0 30.5 0.1 - 1,834


Mwiyogo/Endarasha 0.3 0.7 1.0 0.3 78.7 19.0 0.1 - 1,897

Mugunda 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.1 85.4 13.7 0.2 - 2,364

Gatarakwa - 0.5 0.1 0.1 86.9 12.3 0.2 - 1,542

Thiegu River 0.5 3.7 3.0 0.3 67.1 25.2 0.1 0.1 2,050

Kabaru - 1.2 0.5 0.3 81.9 16.0 0.1 0.1 1,904

Gakawa 0.8 4.2 5.5 0.4 51.1 37.4 0.2 0.4 2,493


Ruguru 0.3 1.1 0.9 0.3 89.2 8.1 0.1 0.0 2,449

Magutu 1.4 2.1 1.5 0.3 88.9 5.8 0.0 - 2,027

Iria-Ini 0.4 2.2 1.8 0.3 83.4 11.8 0.0 0.1 2,820

Konyu 0.3 5.0 2.4 0.6 73.5 18.3 - - 2,231

Kirimukuyu 0.5 1.8 2.0 0.0 91.0 4.7 - - 3,024

Karatina Town 3.4 17.3 12.4 0.4 44.0 22.3 0.1 0.2 3,271


Mahiga 0.4 1.3 1.0 0.2 93.6 3.5 - 0.0 2,238

Iria-Ini 0.6 6.4 4.8 0.5 79.1 8.6 0.0 0.0 2,423

Chinga 0.5 2.5 1.7 0.2 89.8 5.2 0.0 0.0 2,203

Karima 0.4 5.3 4.1 0.0 83.6 6.4 0.1 0.0 2,209


Gikondi 0.1 0.7 0.4 0.3 96.9 1.6 0.0 - 2,191

Rugi - 1.6 0.4 0.1 95.4 2.4 0.0 - 2,146

45


Mukurwe-Ini East 0.2 1.2 0.8 0.1 92.6 4.9 0.1 0.1 2,410



Kiganjo/Mathari 0.9 4.7 7.8 0.8 69.8 15.7 - 0.2 2,094

Rware 1.7 18.2 25.6 1.8 6.8 45.4 0.0 0.4 2,652

Gatitu/Muruguru 0.8 6.7 11.4 0.7 59.3 21.0 0.0 0.1 2,243

Ruringu 0.9 14.5 25.3 0.6 30.2 28.3 - 0.1 2,508

Kamakwa/Mukaro 0.7 8.9 9.2 1.9 46.5 32.8 - 0.1 2,751

Table 36.12: Lighting Fuel by County, Constituency and Wards

County/Constituency/Wards ElectricityPressure Lamp Lantern Tin Lamp Gas Lamp Fuelwood Solar Other Households

Kenya 22.9 0.6 30.6 38.5 0.9 4.3 1.6 0.6 5,762,320

Rural 5.2 0.4 34.7 49.0 1.0 6.7 2.2 0.7 3,413,616

Urban 51.4 0.8 23.9 21.6 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.6 2,348,704

Nyeri County 26.2 0.8 34.5 33.0 0.5 0.5 4.3 0.2 128,319


Dedan Kimathi 20.2 0.5 52.6 22.7 0.8 0.4 2.6 0.2 3,633

Wamagana 20.4 1.6 31.7 41.7 0.5 0.8 3.0 0.2 5,429

Aguthi-Gaaki 17.2 1.3 37.1 38.9 0.8 0.1 4.4 0.0 4,485


Mweiga 20.7 0.6 39.0 34.8 0.6 0.1 4.1 0.3 3,409



Mugunda 0.3 0.2 48.7 34.8 0.3 1.2 14.3 0.2 4,233

Gatarakwa 1.5 0.3 42.9 39.2 0.4 0.3 14.8 0.6 3,501

Thiegu River 17.8 0.6 39.3 35.4 0.7 0.7 5.4 0.1 4,670

Kabaru 10.6 1.8 39.3 36.0 1.1 1.7 9.4 0.2 4,268

Gakawa 30.6 0.9 35.0 23.4 0.2 2.4 7.2 0.3 5,428


Ruguru 17.5 0.6 37.9 39.3 0.8 0.2 3.5 0.0 4,064

Magutu 19.3 0.4 38.5 36.2 1.0 0.7 3.7 0.1 3,444

Iria-Ini 21.7 0.6 47.3 26.6 0.4 0.2 3.1 0.1 5,494

Konyu 22.8 1.4 39.3 32.8 0.4 0.3 2.6 0.4 4,304

Kirimukuyu 24.0 2.2 33.3 36.6 0.5 0.2 3.1 0.1 4,953

Karatina Town 52.4 0.9 27.1 18.0 0.2 0.1 1.2 0.2 5,356


Mahiga 15.4 1.0 32.0 46.9 0.7 0.3 3.7 0.1 3,640

Iria-Ini 31.0 1.3 36.4 28.6 0.2 0.2 2.0 0.2 4,219

Chinga 27.5 0.3 36.1 33.8 0.6 0.2 1.5 0.1 3,753

Karima 25.3 1.1 34.3 36.0 0.4 0.1 2.6 0.1 3,222


46



Gikondi 10.6 0.2 25.1 61.3 0.4 0.1 2.1 0.1 2,893

Rugi 8.9 0.2 29.6 56.4 0.5 0.3 4.1 0.1 3,623

Mukurwe-Ini East 12.6 0.3 38.8 43.6 0.7 0.2 3.8 0.1 2,947



Kiganjo/Mathari 34.8 0.5 23.2 38.1 0.2 0.2 2.7 0.3 4,205

Rware 64.4 0.9 19.4 13.3 0.2 0.0 0.4 1.4 5,443

Gatitu/Muruguru 47.6 0.5 20.6 29.4 0.2 0.2 1.4 0.1 4,098

Ruringu 69.1 0.5 16.4 12.7 0.2 0.1 0.8 0.4 4,597

Kamakwa/Mukaro 52.4 0.8 23.0 21.6 0.5 0.2 1.4 0.1 5,365

Table 36.13: Lighting Fuel for Male Headed Households by County, Constituency and Wards

County/Constituency/Wards ElectricityPressure Lamp Lantern Tin Lamp Gas Lamp Fuelwood Solar Other Households

Kenya 24.6 0.6 30.4 36.8 0.9 4.2 1.7 0.7 5,762,320

Rural 5.6 0.5 35.3 47.5 1.1 6.8 2.4 0.7 3,413,616

Urban 52.4 0.9 23.3 21.2 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.7 2,348,704

Nyeri County 26.5 0.8 34.9 31.6 0.5 0.5 4.8 0.3 128,319


Dedan Kimathi 20.9 0.4 53.8 20.6 0.8 0.4 2.9 0.3 3,633

Wamagana 21.4 1.7 32.1 39.9 0.5 0.9 3.3 0.2 5,429

Aguthi-Gaaki 17.9 1.4 38.4 36.5 0.8 0.1 4.8 0.1 4,485


Mweiga 21.1 0.7 39.1 33.2 0.6 0.1 4.8 0.4 3,409



Mugunda 0.4 0.2 49.3 33.4 0.3 1.2 15.1 0.3 4,233

Gatarakwa 1.4 0.3 42.8 37.4 0.4 0.3 16.8 0.7 3,501

Thiegu River 17.9 0.5 38.8 35.7 0.6 0.8 5.5 0.1 4,670

Kabaru 10.6 1.6 38.9 34.6 1.1 2.1 10.8 0.3 4,268

Gakawa 30.7 0.8 34.6 22.6 0.2 3.0 7.8 0.3 5,428


Ruguru 17.9 0.7 38.4 38.0 1.0 0.3 3.7 0.0 4,064

Magutu 19.3 0.3 38.9 35.4 1.1 0.6 4.1 0.1 3,444

Iria-Ini 22.3 0.7 47.2 25.6 0.5 0.3 3.4 0.1 5,494

Konyu 23.1 1.6 39.6 31.6 0.5 0.3 3.0 0.4 4,304

Kirimukuyu 24.9 2.1 33.6 35.1 0.6 0.2 3.5 0.0 4,953

Karatina Town 51.6 0.8 27.9 18.0 0.3 0.0 1.3 0.2 5,356


Mahiga 15.2 1.1 33.7 44.9 0.8 0.3 3.9 0.1 3,640

Iria-Ini 32.5 1.3 36.5 26.6 0.3 0.2 2.5 0.3 4,219

Chinga 27.3 0.3 37.5 32.4 0.7 0.1 1.7 0.1 3,753

Karima 25.9 1.1 35.5 33.9 0.4 0.1 2.9 0.2 3,222


Gikondi 11.2 0.2 25.1 60.3 0.5 0.1 2.4 0.1 2,893

47


Rugi 8.8 0.2 30.3 55.2 0.4 0.3 4.6 0.1 3,623

Mukurwe-Ini East 13.8 0.4 40.9 39.5 0.6 0.1 4.4 0.2 2,947



Kiganjo/Mathari 36.0 0.5 23.8 36.0 0.2 0.1 3.0 0.4 4,205

Rware 63.6 1.0 18.9 14.1 0.2 0.0 0.5 1.7 5,443

Gatitu/Muruguru 46.5 0.5 22.3 28.7 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.1 4,098

Ruringu 67.6 0.5 17.4 12.7 0.2 0.1 1.0 0.5 4,597

Kamakwa/Mukaro 52.6 0.9 23.2 21.0 0.4 0.2 1.6 0.1 5,365

Table 36.14: Lighting Fuel for Female Headed Households by County, Constituency and Wards

County/Constituency/Wards Electricity

Pressure Lamp Lantern Tin Lamp Gas Lamp Fuelwood Solar Other Households

Kenya 19.2 0.5 31.0 42.1 0.8 4.5 1.4 0.5 2,731,060

Rural 4.5 0.4 33.7 51.8 0.8 6.5 1.8 0.5 1,826,263

Urban 48.8 0.8 25.4 22.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 904,797

Nyeri County 25.7 0.8 33.6 35.5 0.5 0.4 3.4 0.2 71,157


Dedan Kimathi 19.0 0.5 50.4 26.4 0.9 0.4 2.1 0.1 2,084

Wamagana 18.7 1.5 30.9 44.8 0.6 0.7 2.5 0.3 3,154

Aguthi-Gaaki 16.0 1.2 35.1 43.0 0.8 0.2 3.6 - 2,643


Mweiga 19.8 0.3 38.8 37.6 0.5 0.2 2.8 0.1 1,834



Mugunda 0.3 0.2 47.6 37.2 0.5 1.2 13.0 0.0 2,364

Gatarakwa 1.6 0.5 43.3 43.4 0.3 0.3 10.3 0.5 1,542

Thiegu River 17.8 0.7 40.4 34.8 0.7 0.4 5.2 0.0 2,050

Kabaru 10.4 2.1 40.3 39.1 1.0 0.7 6.4 - 1,904

Gakawa 30.5 1.0 36.0 25.1 0.2 1.0 5.8 0.3 2,493


Ruguru 16.9 0.6 37.1 41.4 0.7 0.1 3.3 - 2,449

Magutu 19.3 0.5 37.8 37.5 0.8 0.9 3.0 0.1 2,027

Iria-Ini 20.6 0.4 47.6 28.5 0.4 0.2 2.3 0.0 2,820

Konyu 22.1 1.2 38.9 35.1 0.2 0.2 2.0 0.3 2,231

Kirimukuyu 22.6 2.2 32.8 39.0 0.5 0.2 2.6 0.1 3,024

Karatina Town 53.6 1.0 25.7 18.0 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.3 3,271


Mahiga 15.7 0.8 29.3 50.1 0.4 0.3 3.3 0.1 2,238

Iria-Ini 28.4 1.5 36.2 32.2 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.1 2,423

Chinga 27.9 0.3 33.9 36.1 0.5 0.2 1.2 - 2,203

Karima 24.5 1.1 32.5 39.2 0.5 0.1 2.0 0.1 2,209


48



Gikondi 9.9 0.2 25.0 62.5 0.3 0.0 1.9 0.1 2,191

Rugi 9.0 0.3 28.4 58.4 0.6 0.2 3.1 - 2,146

Mukurwe-Ini East 11.1 0.1 36.1 48.5 0.8 0.2 3.0 0.1 2,410



Kiganjo/Mathari 32.5 0.4 21.9 42.3 0.3 0.4 2.0 0.3 2,094

Rware 66.1 0.6 20.3 11.7 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.8 2,652

Gatitu/Muruguru 49.5 0.5 17.5 30.7 0.2 0.2 1.3 0.1 2,243

Ruringu 71.7 0.4 14.4 12.5 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.2 2,508

Kamakwa/Mukaro 52.0 0.5 22.6 22.9 0.6 0.3 1.0 0.1 2,751

Table 36.15: Main material of the Floor by County, Constituency and Wards

County/Constituency/ wards Cement Tiles Wood Earth Other Households

Kenya 41.2 1.6 0.7 56.0 0.5 8,493,380

Rural 22.1 0.3 0.7 76.5 0.4 5,239,879

Urban 71.8 3.5 0.9 23.0 0.8 3,253,501

Nyeri County 41.1 0.5 1.6 56.4 0.3 199,476

Tetu Constituency 33.4 0.4 3.0 62.9 0.3 21,428

Dedan Kimathi 28.0 0.4 5.4 65.9 0.3 5,717

Wamagana 28.8 0.4 3.0 67.7 0.1 8,583

Aguthi-Gaaki 43.3 0.5 1.2 54.7 0.3 7,128

Kieni Constituency 32.5 0.2 1.8 65.3 0.2 50,898

Mweiga 44.0 0.3 1.0 54.4 0.2 5,243

Naromoru/Kiamathanga 40.6 0.4 1.3 57.5 0.2 7,879

Mwiyogo/Endarasha 23.5 0.2 2.0 74.2 0.2 5,323

Mugunda 19.2 0.1 2.8 77.8 0.1 6,597

Gatarakwa 10.1 0.1 2.2 87.4 0.2 5,043

Thiegu River 39.5 0.3 1.3 58.7 0.2 6,720

Kabaru 20.9 0.1 3.3 75.5 0.1 6,172

Gakawa 51.3 0.3 1.2 47.1 0.1 7,921

Mathira Constituency 43.0 0.5 1.5 54.5 0.6 43,437

Ruguru 29.7 0.2 3.5 66.2 0.3 6,513

Magutu 32.8 0.3 2.2 64.4 0.3 5,471

Iria-Ini 42.8 0.5 1.1 55.5 0.2 8,314

Konyu 40.8 0.5 0.5 56.4 1.8 6,535

Kirimukuyu 40.9 0.5 1.8 56.7 0.2 7,977

Karatina Town 63.2 0.8 0.5 34.7 0.8 8,627

Othaya Constituency 39.7 0.4 1.2 58.5 0.2 23,907

Mahiga 31.6 0.2 1.3 66.7 0.2 5,878

Iria-Ini 42.5 0.6 1.2 55.4 0.2 6,642

Chinga 43.0 0.4 0.9 55.4 0.3 5,956

Karima 41.4 0.4 1.4 56.6 0.1 5,431

Mukurwe-Ini Constituency 29.4 0.4 0.8 69.3 0.1 23,850

49


Gikondi 20.5 0.3 0.7 78.4 0.0 5,084

Rugi 27.8 0.6 0.6 70.9 0.2 5,769

Mukurwe-Ini East 32.4 0.1 1.0 66.2 0.1 5,357

Mukurwe-Ini Central 34.5 0.5 0.8 64.1 0.1 7,640

Nyeri Town Constituency 64.4 1.3 1.4 32.5 0.5 35,956

Kiganjo/Mathari 48.2 0.7 2.4 48.1 0.6 6,299

Rware 71.6 1.7 1.3 24.0 1.4 8,095

Gatitu/Muruguru 62.0 1.8 1.0 35.1 0.1 6,341

Ruringu 74.8 1.7 0.9 22.4 0.2 7,105

Kamakwa/Mukaro 62.6 0.5 1.3 35.4 0.1 8,116

Table 36.16: Main Material of the Floor in Male and Female Headed Households by County, Constituency and Ward

County/Constituency/ wards Cement Tiles Wood Earth Other Households

Ce-ment Tiles Wood Earth Other

House-holds

Kenya 42.8

1.6

0.8

54.2

0.6 5,762,320

37.7

1.4

0.7

59.8

0.5 2,731,060

Rural 22.1

0.3

0.7

76.4

0.4 3,413,616

22.2

0.3

0.6

76.6

0.3 1,826,263

Urban 72.9

3.5

0.9

21.9

0.8 2,348,704

69.0

3.6

0.9

25.8

0.8 904,797

Nyeri County 40.9

0.6

1.7

56.5

0.3 128,319

41.6

0.5

1.5

56.2

0.3 71,157

Tetu Constituency 34.2

0.4

3.2

62.0

0.2 13,547

32.1

0.4

2.8

64.5

0.3 7,881

Dedan Kimathi 29.6

0.5

5.8

64.0

0.2 3,633

25.3

0.2

4.7

69.3

0.5 2,084

Wamagana 29.7

0.3

3.1

66.7

0.1 5,429

27.2

0.4

2.7

69.5

0.2 3,154

Aguthi-Gaaki 43.3

0.5

1.1

54.7

0.4 4,485

43.2

0.4

1.3

54.8

0.2 2,643

Kieni Constituency 32.2

0.2

1.9

65.6

0.2 34,360

33.2

0.2

1.8

64.6

0.2 16,538

Mweiga 44.0

0.3

1.3

54.1

0.3 3,409

44.1

0.2

0.5

55.1

0.2 1,834

Naromoru/Kiamathanga 38.9

0.5

1.5

58.9

0.2 5,425

44.4

0.3

0.8

54.4

0.1 2,454

Mwiyogo/Endarasha 23.0

0.1

2.1

74.6

0.2 3,426

24.4

0.2

1.7

73.6

0.2 1,897

Mugunda 18.9

0.1

3.0

77.9

0.1 4,233

19.6

0.2

2.6

77.6

0.0 2,364

Gatarakwa 9.8

0.1

2.1

87.8

0.1 3,501

10.6

0.1

2.5

86.5

0.3 1,542

Thiegu River 39.4

0.3

1.2

58.9

0.2 4,670

39.8

0.3

1.4

58.2

0.2 2,050

Kabaru 20.3

0.1

3.2

76.3

0.1 4,268

22.3

0.1

3.6

73.7

0.3 1,904

Gakawa 51.4

0.3

1.2

47.0

0.1 5,428

50.9

0.3

1.2

47.5

0.0 2,493

Mathira Constituency 42.2

0.5

1.5

55.2

0.6 27,615

44.3

0.5

1.5

53.1

0.5 15,822

Ruguru 29.9

0.2

3.5

66.0

0.4 4,064

29.4

0.3

3.7

66.5

0.2 2,449

Magutu 31.0

0.3

2.2

66.3

0.3 3,444

35.8

0.2

2.3

61.4

0.3 2,027

Iria-Ini 42.0

0.5

1.0

56.4

0.2 5,494

44.4

0.4

1.2

53.6

0.3 2,820

50



Konyu 40.7

0.5

0.6

56.5

1.7 4,304

41.0

0.5

0.2

56.3

2.1 2,231

Kirimukuyu 40.5

0.5

2.1

56.8

0.1 4,953

41.4

0.4

1.5

56.5

0.2 3,024

Karatina Town 61.6

0.7

0.5

36.2

1.0 5,356

65.8

0.9

0.4

32.4

0.5 3,271

Othaya Constituency 39.2

0.4

1.2

58.9

0.2 14,834

40.6

0.4

1.1

57.7

0.2 9,073

Mahiga 31.0

0.2

1.6

67.0

0.2 3,640

32.6

0.2

0.7

66.3

0.2 2,238

Iria-Ini 42.5

0.6

1.2

55.5

0.2 4,219

42.6

0.7

1.3

55.2

0.2 2,423

Chinga 41.9

0.4

0.9

56.4

0.3 3,753

44.8

0.4

0.9

53.7

0.2 2,203

Karima 40.9

0.5

1.3

57.1

0.2 3,222

42.2

0.3

1.5

55.8

0.1 2,209

Mukurwe-Ini Constituency 29.3

0.4

0.8

69.4

0.1 14,255

29.6

0.4

0.8

69.1

0.1 9,595

Gikondi 20.8

0.2

0.6

78.4

0.0 2,893

20.2

0.5

0.8

78.5

0.0 2,191

Rugi 27.0

0.6

0.6

71.7

0.2 3,623

29.2

0.6

0.5

69.6

0.2 2,146

Mukurwe-Ini East 33.0

0.1

1.1

65.7

0.1 2,947

31.8

0.1

1.0

67.0

0.1 2,410

Mukurwe-Ini Central 33.9

0.5

0.9

64.6

0.0 4,792

35.4

0.5

0.7

63.3

0.1 2,848

Nyeri Town Constituency 63.9

1.3

1.5

32.6

0.6 23,708

65.4

1.1

1.1

32.1

0.3 12,248

Kiganjo/Mathari 48.9

0.8

2.5

47.2

0.6 4,205

46.7

0.7

2.1

49.9

0.7 2,094

Rware 69.9

1.7

1.4

25.1

1.9 5,443

75.2

1.5

0.9

21.8

0.6 2,652

Gatitu/Muruguru 61.6

1.9

1.2

35.1

0.1 4,098

62.7

1.5

0.7

35.0

0.1 2,243

Ruringu 73.0

1.8

1.0

23.9

0.2 4,597

78.0

1.4

0.7

19.7

0.2 2,508

Kamakwa/Mukaro 63.6

0.5

1.3

34.5

0.1 5,365

60.8

0.5

1.3

37.3

0.1 2,751

Table 36.17: Main Roofing Material by County Constituency and Wards

County/Constituency/WardsCorrugated Iron Sheets Tiles Concrete

Asbestos sheets Grass Makuti Tin Mud/Dung Other Households

Kenya 73.5 2.2 3.6 2.2 13.3 3.2 0.3 0.8 1.0 8,493,380

Rural 70.3 0.7 0.2 1.8 20.2 4.2 0.2 1.2 1.1 5,239,879

Urban 78.5 4.6 9.1 2.9 2.1 1.5 0.3 0.1 0.9 3,253,501

Nyeri County 94.4 1.2 1.2 2.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.3 199,476

Tetu Constituency 94.8 0.9 0.3 3.6 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 21,428

Dedan Kimathi 94.8 1.3 0.1 2.9 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.2 5,717

Wamagana 93.3 0.7 0.5 5.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 8,583

Aguthi-Gaaki 96.5 1.0 0.1 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 7,128

Kieni Constituency 95.5 0.7 0.2 1.7 1.5 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 50,898

Mweiga 98.2 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 5,243

Naromoru/Kiamathanga 95.0 0.7 0.6 1.0 2.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 7,879

Mwiyogo/Endarasha 97.3 0.5 0.0 1.7 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 5,323

Mugunda 95.7 0.3 0.0 3.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 6,597

51


Gatarakwa 96.6 0.5 0.0 2.2 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 5,043

Thiegu River 96.4 0.8 0.5 0.9 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 6,720

Kabaru 93.0 1.0 0.0 1.6 2.6 0.6 0.0 0.0 1.2 6,172

Gakawa 93.1 0.8 0.1 2.4 3.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 7,921

Mathira Constituency 94.3 1.3 1.7 1.8 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.4 43,437

Ruguru 92.0 1.8 0.6 4.1 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.2 6,513

Magutu 93.8 0.7 0.1 5.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 5,471

Iria-Ini 97.9 1.3 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8,314

Konyu 95.9 1.1 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.7 6,535

Kirimukuyu 98.5 0.8 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 7,977

Karatina Town 87.9 1.9 7.1 1.9 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.7 8,627

Othaya Constituency 96.7 0.8 0.6 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 23,907

Mahiga 98.4 0.7 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5,878

Iria-Ini 96.7 0.8 0.7 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,642

Chinga 96.4 1.2 0.4 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.1 5,956

Karima 95.0 0.6 1.2 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.0 5,431

Mukurwe-Ini Constituency 95.9 0.7 1.0 1.8 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 23,850

Gikondi 96.2 0.9 0.1 2.0 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 5,084

Rugi 95.5 0.8 0.5 2.9 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 5,769

Mukurwe-Ini East 96.6 0.3 0.2 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.0 5,357

Mukurwe-Ini Central 95.4 0.9 2.7 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 7,640

Nyeri Town Constituency 90.5 2.4 3.0 3.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.6 35,956

Kiganjo/Mathari 91.7 2.3 0.0 5.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 6,299

Rware 80.3 3.9 8.2 5.4 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 1.5 8,095

Gatitu/Muruguru 95.5 2.6 1.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 6,341

Ruringu 92.1 1.8 3.3 1.9 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.6 7,105

Kamakwa/Mukaro 94.4 1.3 1.1 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 8,116

Table 36.18: Main Roofing Material in Male Headed Households by County, Constituency and Wards

County/Constituency/Wards

Corrugat-ed Iron Sheets Tiles Concrete

Asbestos sheets Grass Makuti Tin

Mud/Dung Other Households

Kenya 73.0

2.3

3.9

2.3

13.5

3.2

0.3

0.5

1.0 5,762,320

Rural 69.2

0.8

0.2

1.8

21.5

4.4

0.2

0.9

1.1 3,413,616

Urban 78.5

4.6

9.3

2.9

2.0

1.4

0.3

0.1

0.9 2,348,704

Nyeri County 94.4

1.2

1.1

2.2

0.5

0.1

0.2

0.0

0.3 128,319


1.1

0.2

3.9

0.0

0.0

0.2

0.0

0.1 13,547

Dedan Kimathi 94.5

1.6

0.1

2.9

0.0

0.0

0.6

-

0.2 3,633

Wamagana 92.9

0.8

0.4

5.8

0.1

-

0.1

0.0

0.1 5,429

Aguthi-Gaaki 96.2

1.2

0.1

2.4

-

-

0.0

-

0.1 4,485


0.7

0.2

1.7

1.7

0.2

0.1

0.0

0.3 34,360

Mweiga 98.2

0.5

0.2

0.6

0.2

0.0

0.1

-

0.2 3,409

52




0.7

0.6

1.0

2.9

0.1

-

0.0

0.0 5,425


0.4 -

1.7

0.2

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.1 3,426

Mugunda 95.6

0.2

0.0

3.2

0.4

0.2

0.2

-

0.0 4,233

Gatarakwa 96.8

0.4 -

2.3

0.3

0.1

-

-

0.1 3,501

Thiegu River 96.3

0.8

0.5

1.0

1.1

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.1 4,670

Kabaru 92.6

1.0 -

1.5

2.4

0.8

0.1

-

1.6 4,268

Gakawa 92.4

0.9

0.1

2.4

3.9

0.2

-

0.0

0.1 5,428


1.4

1.6

1.7

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.5 27,615

Ruguru 91.7

2.1

0.6

4.1

0.4

0.5

0.1

0.0

0.3 4,064

Magutu 93.6

0.9

0.1

5.2

0.1

-

0.1

0.0

- 3,444

Iria-Ini 97.7

1.4

0.2

0.5

0.0

-

0.0

0.0

0.0 5,494

Konyu 96.0

1.2

0.9

0.0

0.1

-

0.1

-

1.6 4,304

Kirimukuyu 98.3

1.0

0.1

0.5

0.0

0.0

-

0.1

- 4,953

Karatina Town 88.7

1.8

6.6

1.5

0.1

0.0

0.4

-

0.9 5,356


0.8

0.5

1.5

0.0

0.0

0.3

0.0

0.0 14,834

Mahiga 98.4

0.6 -

0.9

0.0

-

0.0

-

- 3,640

Iria-Ini 96.7

0.9

0.6

1.7

-

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0 4,219

Chinga 96.6

1.2

0.3

1.0

0.0

-

0.6

0.1

0.1 3,753

Karima 95.1

0.5

1.2

2.4

-

-

0.7

0.1

- 3,222


0.7

1.2

1.9

0.0

0.0

0.3

0.0

0.0 14,255

Gikondi 96.3

0.8

0.1

2.1

0.1

0.0

0.6

0.0

- 2,893

Rugi 95.4 0.8 0.4 3.1 0.0

- 0.2

- 0.1 3,623


0.2

0.2

2.0

0.0

-

0.8

0.0

0.1 2,947


0.9

3.0

0.6

0.0

-

0.1

0.1

- 4,792


2.5

2.6

3.3

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.0

0.7 23,708


2.4

0.0

5.0

0.4

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.3 4,205

Rware 81.1

4.0

7.1

5.3

-

-

0.5

-

1.9 5,443


2.7

0.7

0.8

0.0

-

-

-

0.1 4,098

Ruringu 92.3

1.8

3.0

1.9

0.0

0.3

0.0

0.0

0.6 4,597

Kamakwa/Mukaro 94.4

1.5

1.0

2.9

0.0

-

0.1

-

0.1 5,365

53


Table 36.19: Main Roofing Material in Female Headed Households by County, Constituency and Wards

County/Constituency/Wards

Corrugated Iron Sheets Tiles Concrete

Asbestos sheets Grass Makuti Tin Mud/Dung Other

House-holds

Kenya 74.5 2.0 3.0 2.2 12.7 3.2 0.3 1.2 1.0 2,731,060

Rural 72.5 0.7 0.1 1.8 17.8 3.9 0.3 1.8 1.1 1,826,263

Urban 78.6 4.5 8.7 2.9 2.3 1.6 0.3 0.1 0.9 904,797

Nyeri County 94.6 1.0 1.3 2.2 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 71,157


Dedan Kimathi 95.2 0.7 0.0 3.0 0.1 0.0 0.7 - 0.2 2,084

Wamagana 94.2 0.5 0.6 4.5 0.0 - 0.1 0.1 0.1 3,154

Aguthi-Gaaki 97.0 0.6 0.2 1.9 0.0 - 0.1 - 0.1 2,643


Mweiga 98.3 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.1 - - - 0.5 1,834

Naromoru/Kiamathanga 95.7 0.6 0.6 1.1 1.8 0.0 - 0.0 0.1 2,454

Mwiyogo/Endarasha 97.2 0.7 0.1 1.7 0.2 0.1 - - 0.1 1,897

Mugunda 95.9 0.3 - 2.9 0.2 0.1 0.6 - - 2,364

Gatarakwa 96.2 0.6 - 2.1 1.0 0.1 - - - 1,542

Thiegu River 96.6 0.8 0.3 0.6 1.1 0.1 0.1 - 0.2 2,050

Kabaru 93.8 0.9 - 1.6 3.0 0.2 - - 0.4 1,904

Gakawa 94.7 0.7 0.0 2.4 1.9 0.2 0.0 0.0 - 2,493


Ruguru 92.5 1.1 0.7 4.2 1.2 0.3 0.0 - 0.0 2,449

Magutu 94.0 0.4 0.1 5.1 0.2 - 0.0 - - 2,027

Iria-Ini 98.3 1.0 0.3 0.4 - - - - - 2,820

Konyu 95.7 0.9 1.0 0.3 0.0 - - 0.0 2.0 2,231

Kirimukuyu 99.0 0.5 0.1 0.3 - - 0.0 0.1 - 3,024

Karatina Town 86.6 2.1 7.9 2.4 0.1 - 0.3 - 0.5 3,271


Mahiga 98.5 0.8 - 0.7 - 0.0 - - - 2,238

Iria-Ini 96.7 0.5 0.9 1.9 0.0 - - - - 2,423

Chinga 96.1 1.1 0.5 1.6 0.0 - 0.6 0.0 0.0 2,203

Karima 94.8 0.6 1.2 2.0 - - 1.1 0.2 - 2,209 Mukurwe-Ini Constit-uency 96.0 0.8 0.9 1.8 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 9,595

Gikondi 96.2 1.1 0.0 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.6 - - 2,191

Rugi 95.5 0.9 0.6 2.5 - - 0.3 0.1 0.1 2,146

Mukurwe-Ini East 96.6 0.5 0.2 1.7 - - 1.1 0.0 - 2,410

Mukurwe-Ini Central 95.6 0.8 2.3 1.1 0.1 - 0.1 - - 2,848 Nyeri Town Constit-uency 90.2 2.1 3.7 3.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 - 0.4 12,248

Kiganjo/Mathari 91.7 2.0 - 5.0 0.5 0.1 - - 0.7 2,094

Rware 78.7 3.7 10.4 5.8 0.0 - 0.7 - 0.6 2,652

Gatitu/Muruguru 95.3 2.4 1.7 0.4 0.0 - - - 0.2 2,243

Ruringu 91.7 1.6 4.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.6 2,508

Kamakwa/Mukaro 94.5 0.8 1.3 3.2 0.0 - 0.1 - 0.0 2,751

54



Table 36.20: Main material of the wall by County, Constituency and Wards

County/Constituency/Wards StoneBrick/Block

Mud/Wood

Mud/ Cement

Wood only

Corrugated Iron Sheets

Grass/Reeds Tin Other Households

Kenya 16.7 16.9 36.5 7.7 11.1 6.7 3.0 0.3 1.2 8,493,380

Rural 5.7 13.8 50.0 7.6 14.4 2.5 4.4 0.3 1.4 5,239,879

Urban 34.5 21.9 14.8 7.8 5.8 13.3 0.8 0.3 0.9 3,253,501

Nyeri County 21.4 4.7 10.2 1.3 60.3 1.5 0.1 0.2 0.3 199,476


Dedan Kimathi 9.0 0.9 7.2 0.4 81.6 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 5,717

Wamagana 11.2 0.9 4.5 0.7 82.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 8,583

Aguthi-Gaaki 17.1 1.8 5.9 1.0 72.6 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.6 7,128


Mweiga 18.9 1.1 4.0 1.0 71.5 3.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 5,243

Naromoru/Kiamathanga 13.5 2.7 10.5 1.5 70.0 1.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 7,879

Mwiyogo/Endarasha 4.8 1.0 5.2 0.3 85.7 2.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 5,323

Mugunda 3.9 0.9 10.3 0.3 83.2 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,597

Gatarakwa 1.5 0.6 5.7 0.4 90.9 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.2 5,043

Thiegu River 16.1 1.5 8.1 0.8 70.4 2.8 0.1 0.0 0.1 6,720

Kabaru 4.8 1.7 7.2 0.8 83.5 0.5 1.2 0.0 0.2 6,172

Gakawa 14.9 3.1 9.6 0.7 68.1 2.1 1.3 0.1 0.1 7,921


Ruguru 13.9 1.9 14.8 1.5 66.3 1.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 6,513

Magutu 13.7 1.5 6.5 0.4 77.3 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 5,471

Iria-Ini 21.7 2.9 6.9 0.5 67.3 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.2 8,314

Konyu 24.2 9.3 21.5 3.1 39.3 0.7 0.0 0.2 1.7 6,535

Kirimukuyu 20.6 2.4 14.2 2.5 59.3 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 7,977

Karatina Town 49.4 3.1 5.3 0.8 39.6 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.7 8,627


Mahiga 9.4 0.9 7.8 0.8 80.7 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 5,878

Iria-Ini 27.3 1.0 5.5 0.4 65.2 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 6,642

Chinga 21.6 1.4 10.5 2.6 57.7 3.9 0.1 2.1 0.3 5,956

Karima 23.8 1.6 11.5 1.0 60.9 0.8 0.0 0.1 0.4 5,431

Mukurwe-Ini Constituency 15.6 23.1 25.5 3.6 28.1 3.2 0.0 0.6 0.3 23,850

Gikondi 8.4 11.3 25.4 4.1 41.7 7.4 0.0 1.5 0.2 5,084

Rugi 11.8 53.1 22.5 2.1 9.5 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.2 5,769

Mukurwe-Ini East 17.9 1.7 24.0 3.1 47.8 3.7 0.0 0.9 0.8 5,357

Mukurwe-Ini Central 21.8 23.2 29.0 4.8 19.3 1.8 0.0 0.1 0.0 7,640

Nyeri Town Constituency 42.3 2.8 5.5 0.7 46.5 1.4 0.1 0.1 0.5 35,956

Kiganjo/Mathari 30.4 2.6 3.7 0.5 59.8 2.3 0.1 0.0 0.5 6,299

Rware 52.8 4.3 6.2 1.3 31.9 1.5 0.1 0.3 1.4 8,095

Gatitu/Muruguru 39.3 2.3 6.7 0.7 49.3 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 6,341

Ruringu 49.6 3.8 3.8 0.4 40.7 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 7,105

Kamakwa/Mukaro 37.1 0.8 6.8 0.5 53.8 0.8 0.0 0.1 0.1 8,116

55


Table 36.21: Main Material of the Wall in Male Headed Households by County, Constituency and Ward

County/ Constituency/ Wards Stone

Brick/Block

Mud/Wood

Mud/ Cement

Wood only

Corrugat-ed Iron Sheets


Kenya 17.5

16.6

34.7

7.6

11.4

7.4 3.4 0.3 1.2 5,762,320

Rural 5.8

13.1

48.9

7.3

15.4

2.6 5.2 0.3 1.4 3,413,616

Urban 34.6

21.6

14.0

7.9

5.6

14.4 0.7 0.3 0.9 2,348,704

Nyeri County 21.2

4.7

9.7

1.2

61.0

1.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 128,319


1.3

5.4

0.7

78.3

0.5 0.0 0.0 0.3 13,547

Dedan Kimathi 10.1

1.0

7.0

0.3

80.6

0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 3,633

Wamagana 11.7

1.1

4.3

0.7

81.7

0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 5,429

Aguthi-Gaaki 17.9

1.8

5.5

0.9

72.4

0.7 - 0.0 0.6 4,485


1.7

7.6

0.7

77.4

1.9 0.5 0.1 0.1 34,360

Mweiga 19.7

1.3

3.8

0.6

71.1

3.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 3,409


2.6

10.4

1.5

71.1

1.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 5,425


0.9

4.7

0.4

86.3

3.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 3,426

Mugunda 3.9

0.9

10.0

0.4

83.3

1.4 0.0 0.0 - 4,233

Gatarakwa 1.6

0.7

4.7

0.3

91.6

0.8 0.0 0.1 0.2 3,501

Thiegu River 15.7

1.5

7.8

0.8

70.8

3.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 4,670

Kabaru 4.5

1.5

6.6

0.9

84.2

0.5 1.7 0.0 0.1 4,268

Gakawa 14.0

3.0

9.8

0.6

68.5

2.2 1.7 0.1 0.1 5,428


3.6

10.7

1.3

58.3

0.8 0.1 0.1 0.5 27,615

Ruguru 14.1

2.1

14.0

1.4

66.8

1.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 4,064

Magutu 12.5

1.7

6.8

0.2

78.0

0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 3,444

Iria-Ini 21.3

2.8

6.1

0.5

68.5

0.5 0.0 0.0 0.2 5,494

Konyu 23.5

9.6

20.6

3.0

40.8

0.6 0.0 0.1 1.6 4,304

Kirimukuyu 21.0

2.7

13.4

2.1

59.6

1.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 4,953

Karatina Town 47.7

3.0

4.9

0.7

41.6

1.0 - 0.1 0.9 5,356


1.3

8.4

1.0

66.7

1.3 0.0 0.6 0.2 14,834

Mahiga 9.2

1.0

7.0

0.7

81.7

0.3 0.0 0.1 - 3,640

Iria-Ini 27.6

1.0

5.4

0.3

65.1

0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,219

Chinga 21.1

1.3

10.3

2.2

59.2

3.5 0.0 2.1 0.3 3,753

Karima 23.5

1.7

11.7

1.0

60.7

0.9 0.0 0.1 0.4 3,222

56




24.3

25.2

3.8

27.0

2.7 0.0 0.5 0.3 14,255

Gikondi 9.0

11.0

25.3

4.4

42.4

6.7 - 1.1 0.2 2,893

Rugi 11.7 54.4 21.9

1.9 9.3

0.5 - 0.0 0.2 3,623


1.9

23.8

3.3

46.5

3.1 0.0 1.1 0.9 2,947


23.5

28.4

5.2

19.0

1.8 0.0 0.1 0.0 4,792


2.7

5.4

0.7

47.1

1.6 0.1 0.2 0.6 23,708


2.7

3.4

0.5

59.3

3.0 0.1 0.1 0.4 4,205

Rware 50.9

4.4

6.2

1.5

33.1

1.6 0.1 0.4 1.9 5,443


2.5

6.7

0.7

50.1

1.4 0.1 - 0.3 4,098

Ruringu 47.9

3.1

3.8

0.5

42.9

1.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 4,597

Kamakwa/Mukaro 37.8

0.9

6.7

0.4

53.0

0.8 0.0 0.1 0.1 5,365

Table 36.22: Main Material of the Wall in Female Headed Households by County, Constituency and Ward

County/ Constituency StoneBrick/ Block

Mud/Wood

Mud/ Cement

Wood only

Corrugat-ed Iron Sheets


Kenya 15.0

17.5

40.4

7.9

10.5

5.1

2.1

0.3

1.2 2,731,060

Rural 5.4

14.9

52.1

8.0

12.6

2.4

2.8

0.4

1.4 1,826,263

Urban 34.2

22.6

16.9

7.6

6.2

10.5

0.8

0.3

0.9 904,797

Nyeri County 21.8

4.7

11.1

1.4

59.0

1.5

0.0

0.2

0.3 71,157


1.1

6.1

0.8

79.7

0.6

0.0

0.1

0.2 7,881

Dedan Kimathi 7.1

0.7

7.5

0.5

83.3

0.5

0.1

0.0

0.0 2,084

Wamagana 10.3

0.6

4.9

0.7

83.0

0.3 - -

0.1 3,154

Aguthi-Gaaki 15.7

1.9

6.5

1.1

73.0

1.1 -

0.2

0.5 2,643


1.8

8.6

0.8

76.1

1.6

0.1

0.1

0.1 16,538

Mweiga 17.5

0.8

4.5

1.7

72.2

2.9 -

0.1

0.3 1,834


3.0

10.9

1.3

67.6

1.3

0.1

0.1 - 2,454


1.0

6.2

0.2

84.7

2.3

0.1 -

0.2 1,897

Mugunda 3.8

0.8

10.9

0.1

83.0

1.1

0.0

0.1 - 2,364

Gatarakwa 1.2

0.5

7.8

0.5

89.3

0.6 - -

0.2 1,542

Thiegu River 17.2

1.4

8.9

0.8

69.4

2.1 -

0.0

0.1 2,050

Kabaru 5.6

2.3

8.6

0.7

82.0

0.5 - -

0.4 1,904

57


Gakawa 16.8

3.4

9.3

0.8

67.3

1.9

0.3

0.1

0.0 2,493


3.2

12.2

1.7

55.3

0.7

0.0

0.1

0.4 15,822

Ruguru 13.8

1.6

16.3

1.7

65.4

1.1

0.1

0.0

0.1 2,449

Magutu 15.8

1.2

6.1

0.6

76.0

0.3 -

0.0 - 2,027

Iria-Ini 22.5

3.0

8.3

0.6

64.8

0.5

0.0 -

0.2 2,820

Konyu 25.5

8.7

23.2

3.3

36.3

0.8 -

0.2

2.0 2,231

Kirimukuyu 19.9

1.9

15.5

3.1

58.8

0.8 -

0.0

0.1 3,024

Karatina Town 52.3

3.1

5.9

0.9

36.4

0.9 -

0.0

0.4 3,271


1.1

9.1

1.4

65.3

1.5

0.0

0.6

0.1 9,073

Mahiga 9.7

0.8

9.2

1.0

79.0

0.2 -

0.1

0.0 2,238

Iria-Ini 26.7

0.9

5.7

0.5

65.4

0.6

0.0

0.0 - 2,423

Chinga 22.4

1.5

10.8

3.2

55.2

4.4

0.1

2.1

0.2 2,203

Karima 24.2

1.4

11.2

0.9

61.2

0.8 -

0.1

0.3 2,209


21.1

26.0

3.4

29.7

3.9

0.1

0.7

0.3 9,595

Gikondi 7.7

11.7

25.4

3.7

40.8

8.4

0.1

2.0

0.1 2,191

Rugi 11.8

50.7

23.4

2.6

9.8

1.2

0.1

0.1

0.2 2,146


1.5

24.3

2.9

49.3

4.6 -

0.6

0.7 2,410


22.6

30.0

4.3

19.7

2.0 -

0.1 - 2,848


2.9

5.7

0.7

45.5

1.0

0.0

0.1

0.3 12,248


2.4

4.3

0.5

60.9

1.0 - -

0.7 2,094

Rware 56.8

4.2

6.3

1.0

29.5

1.3

0.2

0.2

0.5 2,652


2.0

6.9

0.8

47.9

1.0 -

0.1

0.2 2,243

Ruringu 52.8

5.1

3.8

0.4

36.6

1.0

0.1 -

0.2 2,508

Kamakwa/Mukaro 35.6

0.6

7.1

0.7

55.3

0.6 -

0.1

0.0 2,751

58



Tabl

e 36.2

3: S

ourc

e of W

ater

by C

ount

y, Co

nstit

uenc

y and

War

d

Coun

ty/

Cons

titue

ncy/

War

dsPo

ndDa

mLa

keSt

ream

/Ri

ver

Unpr

otec

t-ed

Spr

ing

Unpr

otec

t-ed

Well

Jabi

aW

ater

ve

ndor

Othe

r

Unim

-pr

oved

So

urce

sPr

otec

ted

Sprin

gPr

otec

ted

Well

Bore

hole

Pipe

d in

to

Dwell

ing

Pipe

dRa

in W

ater

Co

llect

ion

Impr

oved

So

urce

sNu

mbe

r of

Indi

vidua

ls

Keny

a2.7

2.41.2

23.2

5.06.9

0.35.2

0.447

.47.6

7.711

.65.9

19.2

0.752

.6

37,9

19,64

7

Rura

l3.6

3.21.5

29.6

6.48.7

0.42.2

0.556

.09.2

8.112

.01.8

12.1

0.844

.0

26,0

75,19

5

Urba

n0.9

0.70.5

9.21.9

2.90.2

11.8

0.128

.34.0

6.810

.714

.734

.90.5

71.7

1

1,844

,452

Nyer

i Cou

nty0.2

0.40.0

28.9

1.02.5

0.81.8

0.135

.71.0

3.12.0

12.3

42.6

3.264

.3

679,2

36

Tetu

Con

stit-

uenc

y0.1

0.10.0

24.7

1.12.3

1.21.1

0.130

.72.0

2.11.3

11.8

48.2

3.969

.3

78,0

23

Deda

n Kim

athi

0.10.1

0.026

.81.8

2.20.5

0.50.0

32.0

2.41.0

2.29.7

47.6

5.268

.0

20,6

78

Wam

agan

a0.1

0.20.0

33.2

1.33.8

2.51.5

0.142

.52.2

4.31.7

4.838

.65.9

57.5

3

0,997

Aguth

i-Gaa

ki0.0

0.10.0

13.2

0.30.6

0.31.2

0.115

.81.6

0.30.1

21.7

59.9

0.584

.2

26,3

48

Kien

i Con

stit-

uenc

y0.1

0.70.0

26.3

0.50.4

0.23.0

0.131

.20.5

0.31.1

11.5

53.4

2.068

.8

172,9

97

Mweig

a0.1

1.80.1

39.2

0.60.7

0.17.6

1.251

.40.4

0.41.5

12.1

31.3

2.848

.6

16,8

06

Naro

moru

/Kia-

matha

nga

0.10.3

0.012

.20.2

0.20.1

5.80.2

18.9

0.20.1

0.66.6

73.2

0.481

.1

25,8

39

Mwiyo

go/E

nda-

rash

a0.2

0.60.0

36.3

0.50.1

0.30.5

0.038

.61.2

0.13.1

4.043

.09.9

61.4

1

9,237

Mugu

nda

0.10.4

0.035

.11.2

0.40.0

3.30.0

40.4

0.50.1

0.412

.843

.42.3

59.6

2

3,355

Gatar

akwa

0.00.9

0.020

.50.6

0.10.8

0.30.0

23.3

0.30.1

0.112

.662

.01.6

76.7

1

8,862

Thieg

u Rive

r0.0

1.60.0

27.5

0.61.2

0.04.3

0.035

.30.2

0.11.5

6.056

.60.3

64.7

2

1,154

Kaba

ru0.0

0.20.0

17.4

0.10.2

0.01.0

0.018

.90.5

0.20.1

13.8

66.5

0.181

.1

21,6

40

Gaka

wa0.1

0.00.0

27.2

0.10.3

0.21.1

0.029

.10.7

1.01.4

22.2

45.2

0.570

.9

26,1

04

Mathi

ra C

on-

stitue

ncy

0.40.4

0.036

.81.4

6.80.7

1.10.0

47.7

1.59.4

4.08.4

26.3

2.852

.3

147,2

67

Rugu

ru0.3

0.50.0

47.6

0.41.1

0.42.3

0.052

.60.9

0.32.3

7.834

.41.7

47.4

2

2,908

Magu

tu0.1

0.20.0

29.0

0.33.3

0.30.1

0.233

.60.4

3.42.5

12.3

46.7

1.266

.4

19,3

66

Iria-In

i0.1

0.00.0

41.3

0.31.0

1.20.1

0.043

.90.6

4.33.3

7.239

.31.4

56.1

2

7,463

Kony

u0.1

0.30.1

52.8

1.16.9

2.02.1

0.165

.52.8

16.3

4.91.3

5.33.8

34.5

2

1,824

Kirim

ukuy

u1.4

0.30.0

36.5

3.711

.60.4

1.10.0

55.0

3.323

.26.7

2.53.9

5.445

.0

28,4

81

Kara

tina T

own

0.10.8

0.016

.32.1

14.8

0.21.0

0.035

.30.5

6.63.6

19.1

32.3

2.664

.7

27,2

25

Otha

ya C

on-

stitue

ncy

0.40.3

0.127

.60.6

1.01.0

0.30.0

31.3

0.62.2

2.511

.445

.17.0

68.7

8

5,653

59


Mahig

a0.8

0.00.0

36.2

0.81.5

1.70.2

0.041

.30.3

2.44.1

8.934

.68.5

58.7

2

1,630

Iria-In

i0.2

0.00.1

24.1

0.50.3

0.20.3

0.025

.60.3

0.72.6

13.8

48.1

8.974

.4

23,8

47

Ching

a0.1

1.30.2

25.8

0.70.1

0.70.1

0.029

.00.2

0.61.2

8.056

.94.1

71.0

2

1,525

Karim

a0.3

0.10.0

24.2

0.42.3

1.60.5

0.129

.51.6

5.62.2

15.1

40.0

6.070

.5

18,6

51

Muku

rwe-

Ini

Cons

tituen

cy0.1

0.50.0

50.0

3.24.7

2.00.2

0.060

.82.0

4.02.7

6.519

.24.9

39.2

8

3,640

Giko

ndi

0.20.2

0.060

.72.9

3.71.2

0.10.0

69.0

2.25.4

2.83.2

11.4

6.131

.0

18,5

29

Rugi

0.20.5

0.161

.26.6

11.5

1.80.5

0.082

.31.5

3.94.0

0.30.5

7.517

.7

20,6

87

Muku

rwe-

Ini

East

0.01.6

0.037

.41.1

0.21.7

0.10.1

42.3

1.73.7

0.416

.531

.34.2

57.7

1

8,348

Mu

kurw

e-Ini

Ce

ntral

0.10.1

0.142

.32.1

3.13.0

0.10.0

50.8

2.43.4

3.16.6

31.1

2.549

.2

26,0

76

Nyer

i Tow

n Co

nstitu

ency

0.20.0

0.010

.70.1

0.10.3

4.00.0

15.3

0.30.0

0.224

.359

.00.9

84.7

11

1,656

Kiga

njo/M

athar

i0.2

0.00.2

23.4

0.10.1

0.17.9

0.031

.90.2

0.00.6

21.0

44.3

2.168

.1

21,4

78

Rwar

e0.2

0.00.0

9.70.0

0.00.3

6.10.0

16.5

0.10.0

0.037

.546

.00.0

83.5

2

1,275

Ga

titu/M

uru-

guru

0.20.0

0.05.5

0.00.0

0.13.5

0.19.4

0.00.0

0.220

.968

.90.6

90.6

2

1,127

Rurin

gu0.1

0.10.0

3.20.0

0.00.2

1.70.0

5.31.2

0.00.1

26.5

66.0

0.894

.7

21,8

44

Kama

kwa/

Muka

ro0.1

0.00.0

11.4

0.40.2

0.51.2

0.013

.90.1

0.10.0

17.0

68.1

0.886

.1

25,9

32

Tabl

e 36.2

4: S

ourc

e of W

ater

of M

ale h

eade

d Ho

useh

old

by C

ount

y, Co

nstit

uenc

y and

War

d

Coun

ty/

Cons

titue

ncy/

War

dsPo

ndDa

mLa

keSt

ream

/Ri

ver

Unpr

o-te

cted

Sp

ring

Unpr

o-te

cted

W

ellJa

bia

Wat

er

vend

orOt

her

Unim

-pr

oved

So

urce

sPr

otec

ted

Sprin

gPr

otec

ted

Well

Bore

hole

Pipe

d in

to

Dwell

ing

Pipe

d

Rain

W

ater

Co

llect

ion

Impr

oved

So

urce

sNu

mbe

r of

Indi

vidua

ls

Keny

a

2.7

2.3

1.1

22.4

4.8

6.7

0.4

5.6

0.4

46

.4

7.4

7.7

11.7

6.2

19

.9

0.7

53.6

26

,755,0

66

Rura

l

3.7

3.1

1.4

29.1

6.3

8.6

0.4

2.4

0.5

55

.6

9.2

8.2

12.1

1.9

12

.2

0.8

44.4

18

,016,4

71

Urba

n

0.8

0.6

0.5

8.5

1.8

2.8

0.2

12.1

0.1

27

.5

3.8

6.7

10.8

14

.9

35.8

0.5

72

.5

8,738

,595

Nyer

i Cou

nty

0.2

0.4

0.0

28.6

1.0

2.5

0.7

1.8

0.1

35

.3

1.1

3.2

2.0

12.3

43

.1

3.1

64.7

46

3,835

Te

tu C

onsti

t-ue

ncy

0.1

0.1

0.0

24

.3

1.1

2.4

1.2

1.2

0.1

30.3

2.1

2.0

1.2

12

.0

48.5

3.8

69

.7

53

,217

60



Deda

n Kim

athi

0.1

0.0

-

25

.8

2.1

2.5

0.5

0.6

0.0

31.7

2.3

1.0

2.1

9.8

47

.9

5.2

68.3

13,94

5

Wam

agan

a

0.1

0.1

0.0

32.8

1.1

3.8

2.4

1.6

0.1

42

.0

2.4

4.1

1.6

4.9

39.4

5.6

58

.0

21

,275

Aguth

i-Gaa

ki

0.0

0.0

-

13.1

0.3

0.7

0.2

1.2

0.1

15

.6

1.7

0.4

0.1

22.1

59

.7

0.5

84.4

17,99

7 Ki

eni C

onsti

t-ue

ncy

0.1

0.7

0.0

26

.0

0.5

0.4

0.2

2.9

0.1

30.9

0.5

0.3

1.0

11

.4

53.9

2.0

69

.1

121,8

19

Mweig

a

0.0

1.6

0.1

38.5

0.6

0.7

0.2

7.4

1.1

50

.2

0.4

0.3

1.3

12.7

32

.0

3.1

49.8

11,53

2 Na

romo

ru/K

ia-ma

thang

a

0.1

0.3

0.0

12.1

0.2

0.2

0.1

5.3

0.2

18

.5

0.2

0.1

0.6

5.9

74.2

0.4

81

.5

18

,590

Mwiyo

go/E

nda-

rash

a

0.2

0.7

-

35.8

0.6

0.1

0.3

0.5

-

38

.3

1.3

0.1

2.9

4.1

43.3

10

.0

61.7

13,12

5

Mugu

nda

0.1

0.4

-

35

.8

1.2

0.4

0.1

3.4

-

41.4

0.4

-

0.4

13.4

42

.0

2.3

58.6

15,58

5

Gatar

akwa

0.1

0.9

-

20

.0

0.7

0.1

0.7

0.3

-

22.8

0.4

0.1

0.1

12

.0

63.1

1.5

77

.2

13

,670

Thieg

u Rive

r

0.0

1.7

-

27.5

0.6

1.2

0.1

4.5

0.0

35

.6

0.2

0.0

1.2

6.0

56.6

0.3

64

.4

15

,164

Kaba

ru

0.0

0.3

-

17.2

0.1

0.3

0.0

0.9

-

18

.8

0.5

0.1

0.1

13.4

67

.0

0.0

81.2

15,55

3

Gaka

wa

0.1

0.0

-

27.6

0.2

0.3

0.2

1.1

-

29

.4

0.7

1.1

1.5

21.8

45

.0

0.5

70.6

18,60

0 Ma

thira

Con

-sti

tuenc

y

0.4

0.4

0.0

36.7

1.4

6.8

0.7

1.0

0.0

47

.5

1.5

9.7

4.1

8.4

26.2

2.8

52

.5

100,0

39

Rugu

ru

0.3

0.6

-

46.5

0.4

0.8

0.5

2.1

0.0

51

.2

0.9

0.3

2.1

8.0

35.8

1.7

48

.8

15

,144

Magu

tu

0.1

0.3

-

29.1

0.4

3.5

0.2

0.1

0.1

33

.7

0.4

3.5

2.5

12.4

46

.5

1.0

66.3

13,15

0

Iria-In

i

0.1

0.0

0.0

41.4

0.3

1.2

1.2

0.0

-

44

.3

0.6

4.7

3.5

7.5

38.1

1.3

55

.7

19

,313

Kony

u

0.1

0.3

0.1

53.1

1.1

7.2

1.7

1.8

0.1

65

.5

2.5

16.7

5.1

1.3

5.0

3.8

34

.5

15

,486

Kirim

ukuy

u

1.3

0.4

-

35.8

3.5

11

.5

0.5

1.0

-

54.0

3.6

23

.1

6.9

2.5

4.2

5.7

46.0

18,81

8

Kara

tina T

own

0.1

0.8

0.0

16

.2

2.4

14.9

0.2

0.9

0.0

35

.4

0.5

7.2

3.7

18.8

31

.6

2.7

64.6

18,12

8 Ot

haya

Con

-sti

tuenc

y

0.3

0.4

0.1

27.7

0.6

1.0

0.9

0.2

0.0

31

.2

0.6

2.3

2.6

11.6

44

.8

7.0

68.8

57,41

9

Mahig

a

0.7

-

0.0

36

.8

0.7

1.5

1.4

0.1

0.1

41.4

0.4

2.5

4.1

8.8

34

.0

8.8

58.6

14,45

2

61


Iria-In

i

0.1

-

0.1

23

.9

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.3

-

25.6

0.3

0.8

2.7

14

.5

47.0

9.1

74

.4

16

,358

Ching

a

0.1

1.4

0.1

26.5

0.6

0.2

0.6

0.1

-

29

.6

0.3

0.5

1.2

8.2

56.4

3.9

70

.4

14

,539

Karim

a

0.3

-

0.0

23

.3

0.4

2.4

1.4

0.5

0.0

28.5

1.8

6.0

2.1

15

.2

40.7

5.7

71

.5

12

,070

Muku

rwe-

Ini

Cons

tituen

cy

0.1

0.5

0.0

49.8

3.4

4.8

2.0

0.2

0.0

60

.7

2.0

4.2

2.8

6.6

18.9

4.8

39

.3

54

,014

Giko

ndi

0.2

0.1

-

61

.1

3.0

3.6

1.1

0.1

-

69.2

2.4

5.9

2.8

3.0

10

.8

5.9

30.8

11,41

5

Rugi

0.1

0.3

0.1

60

.4

7.1

12.0

1.7

0.5

-

82

.3

1.2

3.9

4.1

0.4

0.6

7.6

17.7

13,93

3 Mu

kurw

e-Ini

Ea

st

0.1

1.6

-

36.1

1.3

0.2

1.9

0.1

0.1

41

.2

1.9

3.9

0.4

17.1

31

.6

4.0

58.8

11,10

1 Mu

kurw

e-Ini

Ce

ntral

0.1

0.2

0.1

42

.7

1.9

2.7

2.9

0.0

0.0

50.5

2.6

3.5

3.3

7.1

30

.6

2.3

49.5

17,56

5 Ny

eri T

own

Cons

tituen

cy

0.1

0.0

0.1

10.7

0.1

0.1

0.3

3.8

0.0

15

.2

0.4

0.0

0.1

23.8

59

.6

0.9

84.8

77,32

7

Kiga

njo/M

athar

i

0.1

0.0

0.2

23.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

7.7

-

32

.0

0.2

-

0.5

20

.0

45.0

2.3

68

.0

14

,547

Rwar

e

0.2

0.0

0.0

10.1

0.0

0.0

0.3

6.0

0.0

16

.8

0.1

-

-

36.8

46

.4

0.0

83.2

14,80

7 Ga

titu/M

uru-

guru

0.2

-

-

5.3

0.0

-

0.1

3.3

0.1

9.0

0.0

-

0.1

20

.8

69.4

0.6

91

.0

14

,565

Rurin

gu

0.1

0.1

-

3.4

-

0.0

0.2

1.5

-

5.4

1.4

-

0.1

25.3

66

.9

0.8

94.6

15,15

1 Ka

makw

a/Mu

karo

0.2

-

-

11.0

0.5

0.2

0.5

1.2

0.0

13

.5

0.1

0.1

0.0

17.5

67

.9

0.8

86.5

18,25

7

Tabl

e 36.2

5: S

ourc

e of W

ater

of F

emale

hea

ded

Hous

ehol

d by

Cou

nty,

Cons

titue

ncy a

nd W

ard

Coun

ty/

Cons

titue

ncy/

War

dsPo

ndDa

mLa

keSt

ream

/Ri

ver

Unpr

o-te

cted

Sp

ring

Unpr

o-te

cted

W

ellJa

bia

Wat

er

vend

orOt

her

Unim

-pr

oved

So

urce

sPr

otec

ted

Sprin

gPr

otec

ted

Well

Bore

hole

Pipe

d in

to

Dwell

ing

Pipe

d

Rain

W

ater

Co

llect

ion

Impr

oved

So

urce

sNu

mbe

r of

Indi

vidua

ls

Keny

a

2.8

2.7

1.3

25.2

5.3

7.4

0.3

4.4

0.3

49

.7

8.1

7.7

11.3

5.1

17

.5

0.7

50.3

11,16

4,581

Rura

l

3.4

3.5

1.6

30.6

6.5

8.9

0.3

1.8

0.4

57

.0

9.5

8.0

11.5

1.6

11

.7

0.8

43.0

8,058

,724

Urba

n

1.0

0.8

0.6

11.1

2.3

3.4

0.2

11

.1

0.1

30.5

4.7

7.0

10

.5

14.2

32

.5

0.6

69.5

3,105

,857

Nyer

i Cou

nty

0.2

0.4

0.0

29.7

1.0

2.6

0.9

1.9

0.1

36

.7

1.0

3.1

2.0

12.3

41

.6

3.3

63.3

215,4

01

62



Tetu

Con

stit-

uenc

y

0.1

0.2

0.0

25.7

1.2

2.1

1.3

1.0

0.1

31

.5

1.9

2.2

1.4

11.6

47

.5

4.0

68.5

24,80

6

Deda

n Kim

athi

0.1

0.1

-

28

.8

1.3

1.6

0.4

0.3

-

32

.6

2.5

1.1

2.2

9.7

46

.9

5.1

67.4

6,7

33

Wam

agan

a

0.0

0.3

0.0

33.9

1.8

3.7

2.7

1.2

0.1

43

.7

1.7

4.7

1.9

4.8

36

.8

6.4

56.3

9,7

22

Aguth

i-Gaa

ki

0.1

0.2

-

13.5

0.3

0.4

0.5

1.3

0.1

16

.4

1.5

0.2

0.1

21.0

60

.4

0.4

83.6

8,3

51

Kien

i Con

stit-

uenc

y

0.1

0.6

0.0

26.9

0.4

0.3

0.2

3.1

0.2

31

.9

0.5

0.3

1.2

11.8

52

.2

2.1

68.1

51,17

8

Mweig

a

0.2

2.1

0.2

40.9

0.7

0.7

0.1

8.0

1.3

54

.1

0.3

0.5

2.1

10.8

29

.9

2.3

45.9

5,2

74

Naro

moru

/Kia-

matha

nga

0.1

0.1

-

12

.3

0.1

0.1

0.0

6.8

0.2

19.8

0.1

0.2

0.5

8.4

70.5

0.5

80

.2

7,249

Mw

iyogo

/End

a-ra

sha

0.1

0.5

-

37

.4

0.2

0.1

0.4

0.5

0.1

39.3

1.1

0.1

3.6

3.8

42.3

9.7

60

.7

6,112

Mugu

nda

0.0

0.3

0.1

33

.5

1.2

0.2

0.0

3.2

-

38

.5

0.6

0.3

0.3

11.7

46

.3

2.3

61.5

7,7

70

Gatar

akwa

-

0.8

0.1

21

.7

0.5

0.2

1.1

0.3

-

24

.6

0.3

0.0

0.1

14.2

59

.0

1.8

75.4

5,1

92

Thieg

u Rive

r

0.1

1.4

-

27.3

0.6

1.4

-

3.9

-

34.6

0.3

0.1

2.3

6.1

56.4

0.3

65

.4

5,990

Kaba

ru

0.1

0.0

-

17.9

0.1

0.0

-

1.0

-

19.1

0.5

0.2

0.1

14

.8

65.2

0.1

80

.9

6,087

Gaka

wa

0.1

0.1

0.1

26.3

0.0

0.2

0.1

1.4

-

28.2

0.6

0.8

1.2

23

.1

45.7

0.5

71

.8

7,504

Ma

thira

Con

-sti

tuenc

y

0.4

0.3

0.0

37.0

1.4

6.9

0.8

1.4

0.1

48

.1

1.4

8.9

3.8

8.4

26

.7

2.7

51.9

47,22

8

Rugu

ru

0.3

0.2

-

49.8

0.5

1.5

0.3

2.7

0.1

55

.3

0.8

0.4

2.7

7.3

31

.7

1.7

44.7

7,7

64

Magu

tu

0.2

0.1

0.0

29.0

0.1

3.0

0.5

0.1

0.3

33

.3

0.2

3.0

2.6

12.1

47

.2

1.6

66.7

6,2

16

Iria-In

i

0.0

-

-

40.9

0.1

0.7

1.2

0.2

-

43.0

0.6

3.4

2.6

6.6

42.2

1.6

57

.0

8,150

Kony

u

0.0

0.5

0.1

51.9

1.1

6.2

2.8

2.8

0.1

65

.6

3.6

15.3

4.4

1.3

6.1

3.7

34

.4

6,338

Kirim

ukuy

u

1.4

0.2

-

38.0

4.0

12

.0

0.3

1.2

-

57

.0

2.8

23.5

6.3

2.4

3.2

4.8

43

.0

9,663

Kara

tina T

own

-

0.7

0.1

16

.6

1.7

14.6

0.2

1.3

-

35.1

0.5

5.5

3.5

19

.6

33.6

2.3

64

.9

9,097

Ot

haya

Con

-sti

tuenc

y

0.5

0.3

0.1

27.4

0.6

0.9

1.2

0.3

0.0

31

.4

0.4

2.1

2.5

10.9

45

.8

6.9

68.6

28,23

4

63


Mahig

a

1.1

-

0.1

35.0

0.9

1.5

2.2

0.3

0.0

41

.0

0.1

2.3

4.1

9.0

35

.7

7.9

59.0

7,1

78

Iria-In

i

0.3

-

-

24.6

0.4

0.1

0.1

0.1

-

25.6

0.1

0.6

2.3

12

.2

50.5

8.7

74

.4

7,489

Ching

a

0.2

0.9

0.5

24.4

0.7

0.1

0.8

0.1

-

27.6

0.2

0.9

1.4

7.7

57.9

4.3

72

.4

6,986

Karim

a

0.3

0.3

-

25.7

0.3

2.1

1.9

0.6

0.1

31

.4

1.4

4.9

2.3

14.9

38

.6

6.6

68.6

6,5

81

Muku

rwe-

Ini

Cons

tituen

cy

0.1

0.7

0.0

50.4

2.8

4.5

2.1

0.2

0.0

60

.8

1.9

3.8

2.4

6.3

19

.7

5.1

39.2

29,62

6

Giko

ndi

0.3

0.3

-

60

.0

2.6

4.0

1.4

0.2

0.0

68.8

1.9

4.5

2.7

3.4

12.3

6.3

31

.2

7,114

Rugi

0.2

0.8

-

62

.9

5.5

10.5

2.1

0.4

-

82.4

2.1

4.0

3.8

0.1

0.2

7.5

17

.6

6,754

Mu

kurw

e-Ini

Ea

st

-

1.7

-

39.5

0.8

0.1

1.5

0.2

0.1

43

.9

1.5

3.5

0.4

15.7

30

.7

4.4

56.1

7,2

47

Muku

rwe-

Ini

Centr

al

0.1

0.1

0.0

41.6

2.6

3.8

3.2

0.1

-

51.5

2.1

3.2

2.7

5.6

32.0

2.9

48

.5

8,511

Ny

eri T

own

Cons

tituen

cy

0.2

0.0

-

10.6

0.1

0.1

0.3

4.3

0.0

15

.6

0.2

0.0

0.3

25.2

57

.9

0.8

84.4

34,32

9

Kiga

njo/M

athar

i

0.2

0.1

-

22.6

0.1

0.1

0.2

8.3

-

31.7

0.2

-

0.8

22.9

42

.7

1.7

68.3

6,9

31

Rwar

e

0.2

0.0

-

8.9

-

0.0

0.2

6.4

-

15.7

0.0

0.0

0.0

39

.0

45.1

0.0

84

.3

6,468

Ga

titu/M

uru-

guru

0.2

0.0

-

5.9

-

-

0.2

3.8

0.1

10

.2

-

-

0.4

21.0

67

.8

0.6

89.8

6,5

62

Rurin

gu

0.0

-

-

2.7

-

0.0

0.2

2.1

0.1

5.2

0.8

-

0.1

29

.2

64.0

0.7

94

.8

6,693

Ka

makw

a/Mu

karo

0.1

0.0

-

12

.3

0.3

0.3

0.4

1.3

0.1

14.7

0.2

0.0

0.0

15

.7

68.5

0.8

85

.3

7,675

64



Table 36.26: Human Waste Disposal by County, Constituency and Ward

County/ ConstituencyMain Sewer

Septic Tank

Cess Pool

VIP Latrine

Pit Latrine

Improved Sanitation

Pit Latrine Uncovered Bucket Bush Other

Unim-proved Sanitation

Number of HH Memmbers

Kenya 5.91 2.76 0.27 4.57 47.62 61.14 20.87 0.27 17.58 0.14 38.86 37,919,647 Rural 0.14 0.37 0.08 3.97 48.91 53.47 22.32 0.07 24.01 0.13 46.53 26,075,195

Urban 18.61 8.01 0.70 5.90 44.80 78.02 17.67 0.71 3.42 0.18 21.98 11,844,452 Nyeri County 3.91 3.19 0.27 5.32 61.46 74.15 25.55 0.07 0.22 0.01 25.85 679,236 Tetu Constituency 0.29 1.17 0.08 6.86 70.53 78.94 21.00 0.02 0.03 0.02 21.06 78,023 Dedan Kimathi 0.23 0.64 0.09 5.36 67.67 74.00 25.98 0.00 0.00 0.02 26.00 20,678 Wamagana 0.20 1.01 0.08 6.79 64.58 72.66 27.24 0.04 0.05 0.01 27.34 30,997 Aguthi-Gaaki 0.45 1.77 0.08 8.13 79.76 90.20 9.74 0.00 0.03 0.03 9.80 26,348 Kieni Constituency 0.44 1.28 0.06 3.96 56.27 62.01 37.33 0.02 0.63 0.01 37.99 172,997 Mweiga 0.25 3.91 0.09 5.37 78.73 88.36 11.64 0.00 0.01 0.00 11.64 16,806 Naromoru/Kiamathanga 0.28 1.76 0.21 4.53 61.28 68.07 31.44 0.05 0.41 0.02 31.93 25,839 Mwiyogo/Endarasha 0.00 0.54 0.03 3.36 57.82 61.74 38.05 0.00 0.21 0.00 38.26 19,237 Mugunda 0.06 0.26 0.00 2.35 58.64 61.31 38.51 0.01 0.15 0.01 38.69 23,355 Gatarakwa 0.06 0.27 0.03 1.57 74.07 76.00 23.89 0.02 0.07 0.02 24.00 18,862 Thiegu River 0.29 1.23 0.00 3.46 33.29 38.27 61.36 0.00 0.35 0.01 61.73 21,154 Kabaru 0.14 0.58 0.01 1.82 52.93 55.49 42.95 0.03 1.52 0.00 44.51 21,640 Gakawa 2.01 1.92 0.05 8.30 42.11 54.39 43.70 0.03 1.88 0.00 45.61 26,104 Mathira Constituency 4.52 1.90 0.65 4.02 71.05 82.13 17.52 0.20 0.13 0.02 17.87 147,267 Ruguru 0.69 0.77 0.12 3.26 76.87 81.71 18.12 0.00 0.15 0.02 18.29 22,908 Magutu 0.80 0.86 0.06 2.75 80.05 84.51 15.43 0.02 0.04 0.00 15.49 19,366 Iria-Ini 0.94 2.20 0.12 2.05 81.52 86.82 12.72 0.04 0.37 0.05 13.18 27,463 Konyu 1.07 0.96 0.71 5.13 80.15 88.03 11.57 0.38 0.02 0.00 11.97 21,824 Kirimukuyu 0.19 1.39 0.04 6.03 74.19 81.83 18.00 0.09 0.06 0.01 18.17 28,481 Karatina Town 21.30 4.57 2.62 4.58 38.58 71.64 27.62 0.62 0.12 0.00 28.36 27,225 Othaya Constituency 0.51 3.93 0.05 5.87 75.92 86.29 13.61 0.06 0.04 0.00 13.71 85,653 Mahiga 0.18 0.74 0.02 4.04 60.64 65.62 34.33 0.00 0.05 0.00 34.38 21,630 Iria-Ini 0.19 7.98 0.10 7.82 75.25 91.34 8.60 0.03 0.03 0.00 8.66 23,847 Chinga 1.11 1.14 0.07 4.19 91.28 97.79 2.01 0.19 0.01 0.00 2.21 21,525 Karima 0.63 5.67 0.00 7.46 76.79 90.55 9.36 0.03 0.05 0.00 9.45 18,651 Mukurwe-Ini Constit-uency 0.10 1.05 0.16 8.88 68.92 79.12 20.78 0.02 0.07 0.02 20.88 83,640 Gikondi 0.00 0.18 0.06 6.41 87.53 94.18 5.74 0.01 0.08 0.00 5.82 18,529 Rugi 0.12 0.22 0.07 11.26 63.30 74.97 24.79 0.04 0.17 0.03 25.03 20,687 Mukurwe-Ini East 0.13 0.72 0.28 7.19 38.37 46.69 53.28 0.02 0.01 0.01 53.31 18,348 Mukurwe-Ini Central 0.13 2.57 0.22 9.94 81.66 94.52 5.42 0.01 0.02 0.02 5.48 26,076 Nyeri Town Constit-uency 16.48 10.31 0.48 4.99 33.81 66.07 33.81 0.03 0.07 0.02 33.93 111,656 Kiganjo/Mathari 10.13 3.84 0.24 3.76 34.08 52.05 47.81 0.00 0.14 0.00 47.95 21,478 Rware 48.89 8.56 1.02 5.44 23.64 87.55 12.34 0.04 0.05 0.01 12.45 21,275 Gatitu/Muruguru 8.25 11.62 0.62 5.18 23.65 49.31 50.58 0.05 0.07 0.00 50.69 21,127 Ruringu 12.68 18.66 0.45 5.22 54.13 91.13 8.70 0.03 0.06 0.08 8.87 21,844 Kamakwa/Mukaro 5.07 8.99 0.17 5.28 33.09 52.60 47.34 0.04 0.03 0.00 47.40 25,932

65


Table 36.27: Human Waste Disposal in Male Headed household by County, Constituency and Ward

County/ Constituency/wards

Main Sewer

Septic Tank

Cess Pool

VIP Latrine

Pit Latrine

Improved Sanitation

Pit Latrine Uncovered

Buck-et Bush Other

Unimproved Sanitation


Kenya 6.30 2.98 0.29 4.60 47.65 61.81 20.65 0.28 17.12 0.14 38.19 26,755,066

Rural 0.15 0.40 0.08 3.97 49.08 53.68 22.22 0.07 23.91 0.12 46.32 18,016,471

Urban 18.98 8.29 0.73 5.89 44.69 78.58 17.41 0.70 3.13 0.18 21.42 8,738,595

Nyeri County 3.83 3.29 0.25 5.45 61.51 74.34 25.33 0.06 0.25 0.01 25.66 463,835

Tetu Constituency 0.33 1.29 0.08 7.07 70.55 79.31 20.61 0.02 0.03 0.02 20.69 53,217

Dedan Kimathi 0.30 0.76 0.04 5.69 67.01 73.80 26.17 0.00 0.00 0.04 26.20 13,945

Wamagana 0.16 1.11 0.09 7.19 64.92 73.48 26.41 0.06 0.04 0.01 26.52 21,275

Aguthi-Gaaki 0.54 1.92 0.09 7.99 79.94 90.48 9.46 0.00 0.03 0.02 9.52 17,997

Kieni Constituency 0.35 1.26 0.04 4.04 56.69 62.38 36.84 0.02 0.75 0.01 37.62 121,819

Mweiga 0.24 3.40 0.05 5.56 79.51 88.76 11.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.24 11,532

Naromoru/Kiamathanga 0.19 1.87 0.15 4.40 61.39 67.99 31.47 0.02 0.50 0.02 32.01 18,590

Mwiyogo/Endarasha 0.00 0.61 0.05 3.52 58.70 62.87 36.89 0.00 0.24 0.00 37.13 13,125

Mugunda 0.08 0.31 0.00 2.23 59.76 62.39 37.44 0.01 0.14 0.01 37.61 15,585

Gatarakwa 0.04 0.26 0.04 1.52 74.81 76.66 23.26 0.00 0.06 0.02 23.34 13,670

Thiegu River 0.31 0.94 0.00 3.30 34.54 39.09 60.48 0.01 0.41 0.02 60.91 15,164

Kabaru 0.10 0.77 0.01 1.97 52.14 54.99 43.10 0.05 1.86 0.01 45.01 15,553

Gakawa 1.55 1.97 0.04 8.78 42.39 54.72 43.03 0.03 2.22 0.00 45.28 18,600

Mathira Constituency 4.27 1.91 0.60 4.19 71.39 82.37 17.30 0.19 0.12 0.02 17.63 100,039

Ruguru 0.79 0.85 0.10 3.38 76.33 81.44 18.33 0.00 0.19 0.03 18.56 15,144

Magutu 0.65 1.03 0.05 2.50 80.14 84.37 15.59 0.03 0.01 0.00 15.63 13,150

Iria-Ini 1.01 2.22 0.12 2.10 81.39 86.84 12.70 0.06 0.36 0.04 13.16 19,313

Konyu 1.05 0.88 0.54 5.20 80.62 88.30 11.28 0.41 0.01 0.00 11.70 15,486

Kirimukuyu 0.13 1.41 0.06 6.66 74.71 82.97 16.94 0.03 0.04 0.02 17.03 18,818

Karatina Town 20.34 4.53 2.56 4.89 38.92 71.24 28.07 0.61 0.08 0.01 28.76 18,128

Othaya Constituency 0.52 4.12 0.04 6.09 75.54 86.31 13.59 0.05 0.05 0.00 13.69 57,419

Mahiga 0.19 0.80 0.03 4.41 60.24 65.68 34.26 0.00 0.06 0.00 34.32 14,452

Iria-Ini 0.19 8.49 0.06 8.25 74.17 91.15 8.80 0.01 0.04 0.00 8.85 16,358

Chinga 1.08 1.18 0.08 3.95 91.61 97.90 1.90 0.19 0.02 0.00 2.10 14,539

Karima 0.68 5.70 0.00 7.76 76.35 90.50 9.42 0.00 0.08 0.00 9.50 12,070

Mukurwe-Ini Constituency 0.12 1.17 0.16 8.99 69.45 79.88 20.00 0.02 0.07 0.02 20.12 54,014

Gikondi 0.00 0.28 0.08 6.62 87.38 94.36 5.53 0.00 0.11 0.00 5.64 11,415

Rugi 0.16 0.27 0.03 10.76 64.38 75.59 24.15 0.06 0.16 0.04 24.41 13,933

Mukurwe-Ini East 0.17 0.74 0.25 7.80 38.37 47.33 52.65 0.00 0.02 0.00 52.67 11,101

Mukurwe-Ini Central 0.13 2.73 0.26 9.88 81.46 94.46 5.47 0.02 0.02 0.03 5.54 17,565

Nyeri Town Constituency 16.19 10.54 0.46 5.24 34.18 66.61 33.30 0.01 0.06 0.02 33.39 77,327

Kiganjo/Mathari 9.73 3.75 0.19 4.26 34.40 52.32 47.58 0.00 0.10 0.00 47.68 14,547

Rware 48.78 8.54 1.10 5.95 23.22 87.59 12.30 0.06 0.05 0.00 12.41 14,807

Gatitu/Muruguru 7.98 11.84 0.57 5.26 24.17 49.82 50.09 0.00 0.09 0.00 50.18 14,565

Ruringu 11.42 19.23 0.33 5.31 54.91 91.19 8.67 0.00 0.05 0.09 8.81 15,151

Kamakwa/Mukaro 5.42 9.32 0.17 5.39 33.67 53.97 46.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 46.03 18,257

66



Table 36.28: Human Waste Disposal in Female Headed Household by County, Constituency and Ward

County/ ConstituencyMain Sewer

Septic Tank

Cess Pool

VIP Latrine

Pit Latrine

Improved Sanitation

Pit Latrine Uncovered Bucket Bush Other

Unimproved Sanitation


Kenya 5.0 2.2 0.2 4.5 47.6 59.5 21.4 0.3 18.7 0.2 40.5 11,164,581.0

Rural 0.1 0.3 0.1 4.0 48.5 53.0 22.6 0.1 24.2 0.1 47.0 8,058,724.0

Urban 17.6 7.2 0.6 5.9 45.1 76.4 18.4 0.7 4.3 0.2 23.6 3,105,857.0

Nyeri 4.1 3.0 0.3 5.1 61.3 73.7 26.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 26.3 215,401.0

Tetu 0.2 0.9 0.1 6.4 70.5 78.1 21.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 21.9 24,806.0

Dedan Kimathi 0.1 0.4 0.2 4.7 69.0 74.4 25.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 25.6 6,733.0

Wamagana 0.3 0.8 0.1 5.9 63.8 70.9 29.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 29.1 9,722.0

Aguthi-Gaaki 0.3 1.4 0.0 8.4 79.4 89.6 10.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 10.4 8,351.0

Kieni 0.6 1.3 0.1 3.8 55.3 61.1 38.5 0.0 0.3 0.0 38.9 51,178.0

Mweiga 0.3 5.0 0.2 5.0 77.0 87.5 12.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.5 5,274.0

Naromoru/Kiamathanga 0.5 1.5 0.4 4.9 61.0 68.3 31.4 0.1 0.2 0.0 31.7 7,249.0

Mwiyogo/Endarasha 0.0 0.4 0.0 3.0 55.9 59.3 40.5 0.0 0.2 0.0 40.7 6,112.0

Mugunda 0.0 0.1 0.0 2.6 56.4 59.1 40.7 0.0 0.2 0.0 40.9 7,770.0

Gatarakwa 0.1 0.3 0.0 1.7 72.1 74.3 25.6 0.1 0.1 0.0 25.7 5,192.0

Thiegu River 0.2 2.0 0.0 3.9 30.1 36.2 63.6 0.0 0.2 0.0 63.8 5,990.0

Kabaru 0.2 0.1 0.0 1.4 55.0 56.8 42.6 0.0 0.7 0.0 43.2 6,087.0

Gakawa 3.2 1.8 0.1 7.1 41.4 53.6 45.4 0.0 1.0 0.0 46.4 7,504.0

Mathira 5.0 1.9 0.7 3.7 70.3 81.6 18.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 18.4 47,228.0

Ruguru 0.5 0.6 0.2 3.0 77.9 82.2 17.7 0.0 0.1 0.0 17.8 7,764.0

Magutu 1.1 0.5 0.1 3.3 79.9 84.8 15.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 15.2 6,216.0

Iria-Ini 0.7 2.1 0.1 1.9 81.8 86.8 12.8 0.0 0.4 0.1 13.2 8,150.0

Konyu 1.1 1.2 1.1 5.0 79.0 87.4 12.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 12.6 6,338.0

Kirimukuyu 0.3 1.3 0.0 4.8 73.2 79.6 20.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 20.4 9,663.0

Karatina Town 23.2 4.6 2.7 4.0 37.9 72.4 26.7 0.6 0.2 0.0 27.6 9,097.0

Othaya 0.5 3.6 0.1 5.4 76.7 86.3 13.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 13.7 28,234.0

Mahiga 0.2 0.6 0.0 3.3 61.4 65.5 34.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 34.5 7,178.0

Iria-Ini 0.2 6.9 0.2 6.9 77.6 91.8 8.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 8.2 7,489.0

Chinga 1.2 1.1 0.0 4.7 90.6 97.6 2.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 2.4 6,986.0

Karima 0.5 5.6 0.0 6.9 77.6 90.7 9.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 9.3 6,581.0

Mukurwe-Ini 0.1 0.8 0.2 8.7 68.0 77.7 22.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 22.3 29,626.0

Gikondi 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.1 87.8 93.9 6.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.1 7,114.0

Rugi 0.0 0.1 0.1 12.3 61.1 73.7 26.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 26.3 6,754.0

Mukurwe-Ini East 0.1 0.7 0.3 6.3 38.4 45.7 54.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 54.3 7,247.0

Mukurwe-Ini Central 0.1 2.2 0.1 10.1 82.1 94.7 5.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.3 8,511.0

Nyeri Town 17.1 9.8 0.5 4.4 33.0 64.9 35.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 35.1 34,329.0

Kiganjo/Mathari 11.0 4.0 0.3 2.7 33.4 51.5 48.3 0.0 0.2 0.0 48.5 6,931.0

Rware 49.1 8.6 0.8 4.3 24.6 87.5 12.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.5 6,468.0

Gatitu/Muruguru 8.8 11.1 0.7 5.0 22.5 48.2 51.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 51.8 6,562.0

Ruringu 15.5 17.4 0.7 5.0 52.4 91.0 8.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 9.0 6,693.0

Kamakwa/Mukaro 4.2 8.2 0.2 5.0 31.7 49.3 50.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 50.7 7,675.0

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