Nutrition:Carbohydrates

Chapter 5Lesson 2

Pg. 114-118

Nutrients

Objective 1:Objective 1: Describe the Describe the functions of the simple and functions of the simple and complex carbohydratescomplex carbohydrates

Objective 2: Objective 2: Describe the Describe the relationship between glucose and relationship between glucose and glycogenglycogen

Objective 3:Objective 3: Identify some of the Identify some of the benefits of fiberbenefits of fiber

What is a Carbohydrate? Carbohydrates (Carbs)Carbohydrates (Carbs)- The - The

starches and sugars present in starches and sugars present in foods. foods. Made up of carbon, oxygen, and Made up of carbon, oxygen, and

hydrogenhydrogen Carbs provide, 4 calories per 1 Carbs provide, 4 calories per 1

gramgram

Carbohydrates Your body uses the Your body uses the

energy from the carbs energy from the carbs everyday, for every everyday, for every task.task.

55-60% of your daily 55-60% of your daily calories should come calories should come from complex carbs.from complex carbs.

Depending on their Depending on their chemical make-up there chemical make-up there are 2 types; are 2 types; SimpleSimple ComplexComplex

Simple Carbohydrates What are What are simple carbohydratessimple carbohydrates??

Also know as EMPTY CALORIESAlso know as EMPTY CALORIES SugarsSugars; fructose and lactose; fructose and lactose Found primarily in fruit and milkFound primarily in fruit and milk

Most familiar; SucroseMost familiar; Sucrose Found naturally; plantsFound naturally; plants Refined to make table sugarRefined to make table sugar Sucrose is also added to manufactured Sucrose is also added to manufactured

foodsfoods http://

abcnews.go.com/GMA/video/sugar-bad-health-weight-alcohol-15496307

Simple Carbohydrates

Videos SplendaSplenda

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A-hUyw2lcio

http://video.foxnews.com/v/3914230/sour-news

http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=2720795n

Sugar tasting labSugar tasting lab

Complex Carbohydrates What are What are complex carbohydratescomplex carbohydrates??

StarchesStarches Found primarily in; whole grains, nuts, seeds, Found primarily in; whole grains, nuts, seeds,

legumes and tubers (root veggies)legumes and tubers (root veggies) Did you know?Did you know?

Your body must break down complex carbs to Your body must break down complex carbs to simple carbs before it can use them for energysimple carbs before it can use them for energy

Complex Carbohydrates

The Role Of Carbohydrates

Your body converts all carbs to GlucoseYour body converts all carbs to Glucose A simple sugar that’s the main source of A simple sugar that’s the main source of

energy for our bodiesenergy for our bodies The glucose that is not used is stored in The glucose that is not used is stored in

the liver and muscles as a starch-like the liver and muscles as a starch-like substance called; substance called; glycogen.glycogen.

When your body needs more energy the When your body needs more energy the glycogen is converted back to glucose.glycogen is converted back to glucose.

Excess carbs taken in and not used are Excess carbs taken in and not used are converted to body fatconverted to body fat

Diabetes The pancreas makes the right The pancreas makes the right

amount of insulin to move glucose amount of insulin to move glucose out from the blood to the cells.out from the blood to the cells.

Type 1: The Pancreas does not make Type 1: The Pancreas does not make insulin because the body’s immune insulin because the body’s immune system has destroyed themsystem has destroyed them

Type 2: Over time, the body loses Type 2: Over time, the body loses the ability to create enough insulin the ability to create enough insulin in response to meals.in response to meals.

Fiber, What is it? What does it do?

Is an indigestible Is an indigestible complex carbohydrate complex carbohydrate that is that is found in tough, stringy parts of vegetables, fruits and found in tough, stringy parts of vegetables, fruits and whole grains.whole grains. FFiber helps move waste through the iber helps move waste through the

digestive system and helps prevent against digestive system and helps prevent against constipation.constipation.

Why fiber reduces the risk of early death is Why fiber reduces the risk of early death is unclear. Perhaps it's because fiber lowers unclear. Perhaps it's because fiber lowers levels of "bad" LDL cholesterol, improves levels of "bad" LDL cholesterol, improves blood glucose levels, reduces inflammation, blood glucose levels, reduces inflammation, and binds to potential cancer-causing and binds to potential cancer-causing agents, helping to flush them out of the agents, helping to flush them out of the body, says lead author Yikyung Park, a staff body, says lead author Yikyung Park, a staff scientist at the scientist at the National Cancer InstituteNational Cancer Institute. . (article from us news.com)(article from us news.com)

Fiber Did you know?Did you know?

That if you eat enough That if you eat enough fiber throughout your fiber throughout your life, it can help prevent life, it can help prevent against heart disease!against heart disease!

It can also help control It can also help control diabetes by reducing diabetes by reducing your blood glucose your blood glucose levelslevels

Eat between 20-35 Eat between 20-35 grams of fiber a day!grams of fiber a day!

SourcesSources FruitFruit Vegetables Vegetables

w/edible skinsw/edible skins Whole grainsWhole grains

Bran, cereal, Bran, cereal, oatmeal, brown oatmeal, brown ricerice

How to get the Proper amount of Fiber…

Start your day with a whole grain Start your day with a whole grain breakfast cereal; Oatmeal!breakfast cereal; Oatmeal!

Choose whole fruit instead of fruit juiceChoose whole fruit instead of fruit juice Eat 5 servings of fruit and vegetables a Eat 5 servings of fruit and vegetables a

day!day! Select high-fiber snacksSelect high-fiber snacks

Popcorn (no butter), raw veggies, nuts, Popcorn (no butter), raw veggies, nuts, apples, pears, peaches, plums (edible apples, pears, peaches, plums (edible skin)skin)