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Aid1 " f I I 7 R f l d n ? l ~ l f i ~ f i ~ R sJ"0" (Modernization) d $~'iYllfll3~uAlY'ldld 7 !&$lul
A ~ l d ~ ? l ~ L ~ u M " p . b A ~ u ~ l d ~ l ~ rdos (Political Modernization) cfl b~13jngB(lAm~il:fi913 ml d ndn15~f1dnaiu~~u07"ua~~ldbB(sw~~B (Economic Modernization) pa"T1flls~~M1a~fi~1'S~l ,A n d n i s ~ f 1 s n a 1 u b ~ ~ $ u 6 i l ~ ~ ~ 1 d n 1 5 u ~ ~ 1 5 (Administrative Modernization) bba:$nn15
~nw1ii~:fi~13ircu1iidnlsR~ld~?l8~r~u~uR~o~1dn1s~n~1 (Educational Modernization)
~ ~ i i d ~ i l u 6 u d~nio:wu!&d~~ninnia~sab~~~:~i~~il:~~~~~idin~~Riis~~~uLflu~i~
nliu~uknjnmz~a~mndi~n"u!d n di? # o l n ~ n u u s ~ d i Modernization r f l ~ ~ d ~ r u u ~ l d ~ ~ o ~
n i 3 ~ d ~ s u u d a ~ r n x t ' ~ n u ~ i d ~ ~ u ~ d i l Modernization iiffonszu?um3~1oei19ds:b~~1
Gl:kfl?l (Westernization) L l l d ~ ~ ~ E l d ~ l Modernization ~ " ~ ~ T ~ I T ~ ~ ~ Y I ~ M ~ ~ ~ ~ I s ~ ~ ~ s o ~ -
bsi~as~uy~nuuds:ai~dbuoeii~luda:~wnqbdmr'iu~n uidnufiuanii Moderni-
zation ~uiu i i sd~z~s iu~~ons :uauni~~m 7 uodgdnudriwarilluh
I I I 6 6
~ L ~ i s a S s r i h 7 ~ r i i i r i l ~ b ~ r h n a i ~ ~ S 1 l 0 n " u n a i ~ ~ ~ u 1 u ~ l ? ~ Q u i ~ ~ 0 1 6 i a i n r r u a u n i r
nf19nalaJb~u91"uRsJ"u" M$O Modernization b&I?iOu
66
Syed Hussein Alatas 61di1 Modernization AD n r : u a ~ n i r d ~ i ~ a i n a i u ~
ni~inu~nirrmiuwul~rjbu~duab~nr~un~ulu~nah~~%?mu~wlu~lflua:~udi~ 7 tu
n$rurn~~n$u)uTrrnmr~umn uar~ inu i l6~u ius i ln"bd~ i~nTan~u 7 L u i l n i ~ u n t i n n
ndudic 7 ~ u a ~ i h n u i u d ~ i ~ ~ d J Go bia9nir1~~~?mnd8bba:b~udiw"dwo1~bub0ud
u o u i u u o ~ n u l u ~ ~ n u f i u 7'" 6 6 Cyril E. Black nhal5-h Modernization fin nr:~aumrd~~&ii~nd?a"wuinir
~bdnn"d6d~uh199"b%in"f~~~idddbd~uubbdn~~d0di~ra~~fa~ui~~:finu1~~q~6~niab~~~
v ? u n a i u ~ ~ n ~ u y a ~ a ~ i ~ d l d ~ n u d r i n g u ~ r i n u l u n i r ~ ~ i n a u ~ u A ~ ~ ~ a m ~ ~ u d ~ ~ ~ u w a ~ i n
B David E. Apter 819ii Modernization bf lun3&~usvosniaw"wui ~ u i u d d
n n i w n i r d 3 d r r n i r 6l0
I . 3:uu~~nUdrrIu13nrrii~i~1vai 7 ~WUITRU~SLUU~~PWRRIU ( i ~ l ~ d 7 8 r a u b m a i u r d s d ~ i ~ 7 ~ u n u f u n i s b d d u u u d a ~ h u )
2. ~n.rd.fidnid<dnudbbandid~~iuMainbLatdnaiu~mH~u
3. ~nud1um~~~nu~~ndioaaudnnirri~l99"~ii~na1u~~~a~naiud1u1~d.1~1~1~ud0
ni.rci i .rd?n1u1anbb~?~wid6iu?~ui~ina u a : ~ n n ~ u ~ t d ~
Edward Shils 619dl n.r:uauni.r Modernization b~un.r:uaunirdfii~fs"nibirm- aueii~linaiu~dilqlu^a3Q?mb~uul~d J n a i u n x l n i a f u l d q n ~ ~ ~ i n b i u i i l m u w o n ua:
niui.rnl36nuniw u a ~ n a ~ u ~ m ~ ~ ~ n r a b ~ ~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ ~ i a ~ ~ i ~ e i i d ~ d d " ~ ~ u ~ " ~ m i i n " m ~
James OnConnell n d i a i i Modernization rnruunt.f lud.r:~~udid 7 16' 3
d3:bhA 60
I . rini.ri5n6uiru~a~~inaiu~~buul~doei1~d0 d o 4 ~ d o l w n a i u ~ f l u ~ n ~ ~ f l u e ~ a ~ o ~ RSSWC~~J l~LdOluddpjn~~n%ddaifiqinb~~wa ~ i o J n 0 ? m r n ~ + m t n ~ ~ n n f ~&11u?g mruuuinu,mnni i d u r i r n r ~ ~ ~ e n u u l ~ i u ~ i % n ~ a ~ ~ a f i ~ ~ r i b n u ~ ~ ~ ~ i u f i u 7 ~iluiiu
2. r i r n r ~ ~ ~ n t n ~ i n ~ ~ a t LW n ~ n n " ~ " u n ~ u ~ i n u i u
Telcott Parsons $ndsnu^aner1d7$n Structural-Functional 519i1 Moderniza-
tion ~ilun~:u-runl~d~~ld~1~nudw"a~1199'~0uM"Ib~ij~~~i? d ~ i l ~ d 5 ~ ~ m z & d a " I , d d
2. Specific ndi?'lo ~~6o~dn1~a~liJ~1un"u~1miun~i~~1ui~~1~ro~iz&1uu1n
~ i ~ ~ s m z u ~ ~ n l ~ f i I a ~ i ~ ~ u ' y I ~ i R ~nnu~~finuis~o~nis.ii~~iub~uoeii~~
3. *chieveme-nt ( i ~ n u d ~ ~ u ~ u ~ t i l ~ ~ d a 6 u ~ z ~ n ~ ~ n 1 u ~ w f un M?O~:UU?~II~TU
W l ~ r u u ~ n i o ~ i l ~~oufio~neii~luC~nuuu'u~n'i
4. secularization ndi?An d a z a i a u ~ n ? ~ u ~ ~ n n a o n ~ u r n . r d ~ ~ ~ u ~ ? n o d i ~ d ~ ~ ~
dun l d ~ d o o d i ~ ~ u ~ i o ~
Almond nu* Powell d~~u~naiu~n~uiinu~z~i; 'aan"u Parson nii?'lo uo J ~ I
Modernization L ~ ~ U ~ ~ : U ~ W ~ ~ ~ R ~ ~ U L L ~ ~ ~ J L ~ B J ~ ~ L Q U ~ ~ ' ~ ~ O ~ J ~ P Z I ~ ~ L ^ ~ ~ ~ ~ I B J L ~ ~ U W ' U
wsJ'a 'bna i
1. r i ~ l f l I n . r r ~ f i ~ ~ a n u d $ n u m t ~ n i u ~ n i n ~ ~ l d o u u i n d ~ ~ u (structural Differen-
tiation)
uazTsluraa uddudiun~aifl qinb'v\?~a (secularization of Political culture) ' I I
Samuel P. Huntington #Iddl Moderniration L ~ U ~ S ~ Y ? U ~ I S C I L ~ U ? L ~ ~ ~
liunia~d~su~~dajlu~n$iiu41o~~bua~aiu~~~~az^n ~ n a a m o u n dialo
\ u m d n i n u i Moderniration s z ~ i / s ~ ~ a ~ l i ~ n i a ~ d i o ~ a d i ~ o u ~ " ~ u n ~ LLR:R?IU
n i n ~ r ~ d ~ i l u ~ u ~ i u ~ i + ~ 7 n u l u ~ ~ n u 8 ~ ~ ~ u ~ z n i n p 9 ~ ~ ~ 9 a ~ ~ o i i 1 ~ n u ~ b a : ~ a a u a i ~
c z A ~ ~ f l u ~ d s n u u u ~ ~ i ~ " ~ o ~ D u ~ a ~ u a z l ~ ~ 8 n i i u ~ ~ f i c z ~ i r n a a ~ ~ d s u r ~ d s r ~ i n n ~ u ~ u
amwn3suaiG!&d~u nu~uci~nudfiuru~gaiuufiadu~z$~ "qn8nuuu8np94w" (Mobile Per-
sonality) d a n u i a ~ ~ ~ n ~ i u ~ i u i a ~ d ~ z ~ ~ u ~ a I ~ ~ ~ i ~ u n i a ~ ~ d ~ u u ~ a s u ~ ~ a m n a ~ n ~ u
lhg; m~bdduunnu~dodk'v\uioddniaRnu$uLnqinnaiuqaa"nr(ini; anrln&o~liun4u
diiludauh ( ~ d u nanunia ~ i A C n a uaznrjuauun) 1d~n~ufiun(ud1dLflpddau6a
sld * (Particularistic) I ~ L ~ U C ~ I G U U ~ U R ~ U W ~ I ~ R (Vniversalisticl 6u%'Mdh$%Jqn)~~1 (Achieve-
ment) uinni1n5nnnriunnnn1tn1u9nnlun13~33~1qnn~~u"1$d1~~'t9d~l~ 7 lumdn~si+uuf Modernization o:LiiuabnJ~unnu~ug~l1nna1ufbiuaiiuitbLanfiou
od~~ulnu~n kn:o:n3:~n3:olu1dia6d#dnu $i~Ji~luij~:~uni.rd~unon~IJuu~B~n: d d P flniodnnnua~gu~wuu~uu
lumd.r:a~mcnnnf Modernization 'M~l~d~n13~d~~Ukdl91ubbu~bbWu~n9n13 -
'6irClu85a Enqua:qumwunanu4uu1aidaPa in13~n~nub1slu2i~pbniBw ndlado d olgwdlnhbkiu i m ~ ~ n ~ n u h u d o ~ a ~ ~ u ' b d a ~ l u ~ f l ~ ~ ~itridr:a~n.~lu~~aabiuauaei~d
B dauna~uvlu~uun~ Modernization d ~ ~ n u l i l i n ~ i ~ a u ' ~ u t ~ d o ~ n m ~ ~ ~ : ~ u d Hskone 1u.44~ n . ~ . 1960 &finnil ? h e Conference on Modern .Japan9' ~ m r d d ~ ~ u knuodnum: '~inii?d41~i~riut~naiu~~u~"u~~n~an1aznau~au 13 d3:m3 AEI
ho'u~!odrsr~udldua#o~n"pJ Modernization
o i n i i n i u u o a ~ n ~ ~ i n 1 ~ 8 ~ 1 ~ n ~ i a ~ i ~ ~ ~ a ~ i r ~ u bai~twudi Modernization 9::
, d a a f i ~ ~ u d s t ~ i u n i ~ ~ n a w ~ ~ ~ ganu l u n n i u d ~ z n i ~ d ~ ~ . n o i o o z ~ ~ d ~ ~ u d ~ t ~ i u k 7 1cr~dold2
2. Industrialization nu i~ t i amzua~n i~~ l~M"~rnu~na i~ f i i a~d~b~u~~nuq@ai~ -
nTaudrbh.Ia~rn*y Modernization odld~n&$R niiafio WROin Industrialization O:Y!lI$
f inud~bos~ i l ina iun~z~o"ro fu atirunuinurrtn~d~ni v l ~ fl~nfnrdolni 7 Qrdu ~ @ J n 1 ~ 1 . 8 b ~ ~ o ~ ~ n r n R u l n % ~ David Apter (da~dil Industrialization G ' u ~ ~ ~ I L ~ ~ u ~ T ~ L ~ u ,
d ~ d m n a Modernization ndiado "tBud~anuruorli~nud'~~rnuiw~Cidd~fi~ 7 tdsa~dor ff¶J?llT~fi9l"'~ LLRZ Apter ~6~~dnaiuR'llflud~zndid lndustrializaion tkl Modernization
lSii "~~ulrl'2iid~dnuotbBuw'pIa~u h a i n n q m a i n n ~ ~ ulduin~n .... bflulell6dd~z~wn drli~~l~~Cum~1d~miu~0u~uaCsozli~~ac~~~inns3uuu1n1~~uci~hn1~w'~ui 1naafirdu~iuuoa~n~i~na3u ~ w . n ~ ~ i q m a i n n n u d ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ a d a u u ~ i ~ ~ o a a z ~ u q n ~ i ~ -
P Od011R~dl(rjl Industrialization 1:11t?nWN:dLfluWR~Ftr (Dynamic] ulfin<l d
Modernization ~~6dmru?unirddeu$i~otbbnu UR:LOU~~MW dbi(dllafh&$~fl~~<i Moderni-
zation
3. Urbanization MUl~dJnr:~?Unir~il~fl~fl~bd~dddn~tu~Unla Modernization
4. Economic Development nT:¶J?unl3 Modernization bdll?a~d?hnlTfl~ui
LR~ I~J~P IUMRI~~~ ~ d u d n i ~ ~ $ ~ r ~ ~ i u ~ o d ~ Yr lA i uarwiiJhuolmouanuua~diu
A s. social Mobilizatiop %~~O~nr:~~~nirni~~m^anu~~~ua~do~funirdnu~d~uu ciiiiuu ~ u f i ~ u a : n ~ i u n i ~ v l ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ T i i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u u I ' t 9 s i 649; Deutsch ~ ~ f i n ~ i u n u i u
uod Social Mobilization l'jilbflu 'nr:u~nlrddn~un3u~n~ueJnw'u~1d69"d~81 LRra;fh
umztm^anuiuuu~di 7 niou~iounna~iuld~~a:d~raiau4~~~oud~:fuboibbuubbwu
u e ~ n i r ~ ~ u u f ~ b a : w q ~ n ~ a u ~ ~ ~ 1"' W s1in Modernization 0:iiIflnul6funiaaf uuf dd PIC4 ulnC Gnirn"nainn U R D R I ~ U ~ R ~ U F ~ I J 7 ~ u ~ i l u w ~ I ~ n u ~ f / i I ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ i ~ 7 ~ h u ~ i n i h
rbs:o:~8nirh'~ilu5~u1fl161aa"d~b~~i~a1un1abbfi~~~1uadnu
W d 1 '4 6. Participation ~ f o n i r ~ ~ i ~ ~ ? u I ? u ~ u W ~ n a a u d i ~ 7 uad'dnu wndsrnir~uc
untnr:u-aunir ~odernization fiffnnirdnudniduufuindu dnir~nairnuuinu8:u I zd flnirr-ru2i?fiu~flun~udi~ 7 bkuuinqu nrju~cr aiuuw adrrbad~~~rqnurnr due~l?u
bod dduidnf xa:%tun(udu 7 kubam:1udoduadnlabbPnbbP9bbd961ar~9d~~~d~ I ad dJdodndidhtinluvln 7 f inu nrju~~aiu~~wsiuiu~nibmcdo:fnuiusdr:Tuad~~o
fadaudmu~omar P:U r2uR twlnuiulr~~~1Ciuuir18u rnr ~Gilddd-aui?u2una:uau
7. Differentiation ~uiufitnrruawm~d~ns~nf.i~us~ci~nuirnaiu~bmniitrraiu - d l ~ainuazn$u~u#nwfj& unumuazmui~wi~ 7 iuinzu ~az iscc i l lm~n~ iud iu i~
a iu~awirhua~ (specialization) ~iinnrjudic 7 idu nuinumgw n(um~R'Jnu wssn
nisadod s as uinuiu 1unisA$:~ii71s a i i i ~ ~ n u ~ n ~ s z ~ u ~ o ~ n a i u a ~ u f i u w ~uuinaou
Y ~ l ~ ~ ~ ~ l ~ l l l ~ ~ ! & l l ~ ~ z ~ ~ ~ ~ J Differentiation %tldtf4fluiu!6
8. Secularization M ~ I ~ ~ J ~ ~ : U ~ U ~ T Y B J ~ ? ~ B J ~ ~ H ~ ~ W ~ ~ ~ U ~ J W ~ J ' ~ ~ ~ n i l a f i 0
~ ~ s i i ~ n n d i ~ i i n ~ i d u i ~ ~ ~ t ~ ~ i ~ i u i a n ~ 0 t ~ u w ~ ' b ~ ' b ~ u ^ a ~ n i a ~ i ~ 5 m u i i n ribBob - a1 2 i ~ d ~ \ l t j ~ i u i s n f i r / n ~ ~ & M ~ n b J d ~ u ~ i u arhtdn<dnu~uauuur~u nu$'bnmn'b&biuu~
a~~rni$rn~n~~~ua:'b&Iufi1Eunia6uwu'b~~ 7 bFh~~u naiudnuulnrii 7 'idgnnszuau
rnsrn~4nn~ ina j f ib~~~nwd drnsvns y a c i r / ~ ~ w ' ~ ~ " a ~ l u d s i n a n ~ ~ n i l n 7
~ ~ B J ~ M E " U O ~ Modernization
a d d 1 msnfidquauriod m s ~ d ~ u u u d a ~ a d i f i n w i ~ ~ ~ n u (Social Mobilization) n13LVlUR?W
iauniarnsriior n i s f i u i ~ ~ s a ; ~ t t ~ a r n i s ~ 1 n s J n ~ i ~ m i J ~ ~ n u A b b a n i i ~ ~ u ~ n u ~ 1 " ~
afluiiu
2 2 2 4. Modernization L i l u n s z u ~ u n i s d n s o ~ n ~ u ~ ~ ~ n n n s : : u a u n i ~ ~ ~ ~
qbdtinu 6nui'bhu1un?iuftnunza,db~uuw qGnaau'bdhda: L M H ~ q h ~ n n 9utnlPi iiniasfirmiu~~uriu~u'ud~~ludsin~nisr~dso~~n'u~u~nC~nu
5. Modernization L~unstu?unladui?uiu n i ~ ~ ~ ~ d u u ~ ~ d ~ d % ~ n d ~ ~ u n s f ~ l ? u n i a dao.mi~L?si u~iinianfidnnu~~luflu~fiu~r~~nwaf'undnisd~~bdo~d~uubfiuun'u
l U L l Y sanu~tii ~ ~ n n u n n v a r ~ i l u ~ ~ ~ u i n i s Ldn i i ;~ f i~3rur~?~ id~d luu~~dn~~n i id~z~f in
4% ~ ~ n u m t ~ u n n ~ ~ ~ ~ n r a i u w n ~ s s u n ~ d o r n ~ ~ ~ n a ~ u ~ ~ u ~ ' u w ~ u ~ u u i ~ $ i uSi1finu d ~~;rgr~uaz\di?ni~unis~d~uu~~dwd~nund ueis-,u-.~?.idozLddouoin~JnuL~i~r~t~anu
Ind~~cinl~'5nfiuiuhud~~oiq'un~nu~Ou~n WA
dd 0
6. Modernization L ~ U ~ S f U~unl5Vl un16U#~rn'du iui\El L0u?l'l5 LddfluLLd ~ d o l n
(inwtuz k r ~ ~ u ' b d i kwazd~0'w~"uwo~'e,aeii~~flufi~6~ &mou ~ ~ o o n l ~ ~ u d ? d q VQIB
dw uid$dnuoi~~di;suLLdndd~naiuL~uw'u~du~n~fld?dnii~nbraun& 6 d i i f i h P) l i s tu io ingnci i~ q d n ~ s z ~ i i ~ n ~ i u t ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ a ~ i u ~ U u w ' u ~ o J " u u k u ~ n ~
7. Modernization L ~ ~ U ~ S : : U ~ U ~ I ~ ~ R ~ I J ~ ~ I U L ~ ~ U ~ ' U M ~ ~ E ~ ~ I L ~ U ~ ~ ' O . ~ ~ U ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~~unriuEu~t~d~~nnadarni~dd~nwtu~a~iua~~n'u 1 ~ t i l u d ~ ~ n ~ u ~ 1 n a ~ u a ~ . n i s - 2.4 a~iiln?iuLllurlirr uuuuuu?~~ud~zriiddaudir q 'bd~niss?u~fiunriia~Ou~~nniw
A d .4 8. Modernization LflUnsfU?Unl5dn~~~Rbl7WL~~'bd'b$ii~~~ Luflunl~Ld~uu
1ndndd~nnu~iluoSwwrrSu~~6a n a ~ ~ ? u n i a d ~ o t i i ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ i d a ' b d ~ ~ o u q "nmzdnis nqnaz3nfli~ ud~~~ri07unounkn~~~nia~~di~Oubuuin ~ d u ~5nudfinudiunnn ~ $ d & q c i t q y a u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ n i ~ w " w u ~ q ~ n ~ n n ~ ~ u ~ ~ 6 ~ o : : ' b ~ ~ ~ d a ~ d d u ~ ' b d ~ w n ~ k ~ ~ i d n u
ld~~~iiliJflon?ntdn~Quss'~nu~n~~a~~~lu~~u
9. Moderhization L~uns ru?un i sd~ i?n~ i N R ~ ~ ~ W U Y O ~ ~ I ~ N ~ ~ ~ ~ ? I B J ~ ~ U M " U
n l ~ t l n l l r ~ u J e ~ f n B ~ t u n n i f i u s i t u s ~ ~ ~ u i n r ~ ~ n s ~ ' ~ ~ u n i a d ~ ~ u n s z u ~ u n ~ a R ~ ~ ' d r
oiaa:n~m&d$i u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 0 d ~ n n ~ ~ s 1 s n u i ~ o ~ q n s g ' ~ n u d i ~ u Zua?~mn q uoqia~di/uw ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ d i u o ~ n n u ~ ~ ~ ~ u o i ~ ~ z q ~ u i n ~~dnnuIuquqnSniwu0~nia6na:~50~$~~~ nis ~ i r n ~ ~ Q ~ ~ ~ w ~ ' ~ ~ ~ L U U R ~ U ~ H ~ L O ~ ~ ~ ~ S ~ B J ~ I ~ U ~ Z ~ ~ I nszu~unird~zvii9$uYutd n?1ufiu~n~t8ulud~lu61~~~~~b~:tnl~
hdF l€ )~%fJ~ Modernization
ns:ua~nls~ilanalurOuM"ua~ud~~u'bd6au6uaou~~a:dst~(?uPiiaq d~fluffty(~111 IlnaiatG~~nfern t.~a:naiuG!!ualuii'miqJ 6 u n o u d ~ ~ u f f ~ n I ~ d i f i ~ ~ a d a v ~ ~ d i a 7 ka 1nndaulndilids:nu C.E. Black !Oiji ~~unoan~ilu 4 E W ~ O ~ ~ ~ L I ~ T ~ K ~ G ~ F I ~ I J ~ ~ ~
1. mr~iniuao~nn~tdun"unu"u qn$~nuil:d~:auriun~afi~w~oil~nna~u~Ou flunliu finud~fi~na~u~flunir~~u~ua:o",bban 7 il:'bd6oeds:au~qni811nsd"n ~wsi:: ~1msodil:J1~~1?nnn7~na1ufbbdwn q lnd q u1dsrqn6lfl8Uuod1au1n danmuf
,a , 2 ~~az~nn~nnfibuuLnnuuIudaaR~1aaaud 15 ~~a:i.hlsdfl%lm t?nui~iam3aei1 a n h
msa5dil:l$~~na1ui0u5u~d~5u~n'~a~uun~~~n~~o~~a1ada:n1a&au~u idu $ari?uvo~d~:a~naci'u"o~b~ua~un~aw8a6u~1~bnzu~n1a~oda:~1nadol"~n~abn~mab~a:
w~niuFi18u~~udu 7 un:tdnhu~'bd nna&k~~:na::qitl1ddafiJ<dnuoei7~%iaut~
r n n r S i u n ~ a d n s ~ ~ u ~ n ~ u R ~ ~ ~ n i i 4 iu 5 dau aariudiuau~uinni~ i lu 3 R1au d
Samuel Huntington !&w>d0~Ji 2 d ~ z n i ~ d t ~ u ~ ~ ~ u u n n i ~ ~ i ~ n a i u ~ ~ u v ~ u
R~uddLbua~"ufiunia~fiodoeiid~n ~ n d ~ m ' ~ An
1. Social Mobilization n 3 z u a u n i 3 d ~ z d a u d ~ ~ ~ f u'brt.nu~dildBdaua'auwi~ ni3LfiodLduuin8u riuflo~d oirnswfidnaiuLiluiruw~~fin tfia~8uuinuiu Brn.rlGn1.r
41.4 n a i u ~ o m i ~ ~ ~ h d s r i u ~ r n n 6 u r n ~ m s ~ i j n ~ ~ ~ ~ F I Y ~ S ~ ~ I L ~ ~ U ~ ~ D J ~ ~ ~ U Y O U L ~ ~ U ~ : :
diunud~fl'ua~n~1ps"b~~'bm~~3u lu3ianniJwn2sswd 1950 ~.ud3ruimun~fjludar~w~1
~aufiauid~iuI6dataiaif i i1nii use roo i d u r 10% vo~wswFs.~auuoddsnn~
IGNP) d a u ~ u d x ~ w ~ d f i a u i ~ 8 ~ n d i a f l o ~ ~ i u ~ 6 d ~ r a i a i ~ d ~ ~ ~ d use 900 8uldfiu
~u#obdnfinnrruaunia Social ~obilization ~ i ~ u ~ d ~ ~ i ~ ~ a n d a f i o r d ~ ~ u a ' b ~ u
iiilrriol~i~fnu~~u~nkul~ini~d~~llwi~niaidn~un~.m.ru5~is~w f I i~rflwdina~u
naiu~iui3nuottia~o~ ~ d u ~ d u ~ h ~ l $ i d R $ I J D ~ ~ ~ Y ~ ? O R ~ I G ~ ' L Y ~ ~ 7 L ~ U ~ ~ ~ G Y I E ~ W
~ ~ i f u o ~ ~ m ~ 1 i n ~ m ~ u ~ r i 1 1 ~ w ~ ~ ~ u ~ d ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ a i ; ~ u d o n a 1 ~ ~ & n ~ n 1 a ~ 1 i n n a 1 u n 1 ~ ~ ? ~ 1 ~ 1 J 1 I 6
loo PS 425,
a"ndd~tnnnn?iubdnl31cnJ 7 $16 m~~insus~-~fduo1o~::~iinn13'ba"~w~er3n1w'b& (id
~ u m j . ~ ~ ~ ' b 6 i r n : : ~ u n Social Mobilization il::d~muITUKu6l~ern~~ii~nia13~iWer3ni~
nldm3b!nd ~d$~ ln? l I~ f ln ln~Eld lvo K. ILIZ R.L. Feierabend UR:: 8-14. Nesvole W U
41~r~uus~nni iu~sr1~duu 'b6 d~~0un~.ra~lli?rfi~gundn3::~aun13 Social Mobilization
du ~ n ~ i u $ u v j u f ~ ~ ~ ~ 8 u ~ n i v m i t n 1 s ~ i s ~ k a ~ s i t d s ' b d d ' ~
u n n ~ i n d Tanter UR:: Midlarsky fdWU~lfd~~lll~i3~~U1~dfdd5::%i%~b~?~i~
~ u r v i i 1 n u u ~ ~ ~ u d a ~ r i o ~ r i ~ t n n i a ' ~ ~ u ~ u ~ ~ ~ i w ~ i 3 : : ~ u i n ~ u ~ v i i d u ~ ~ LIRE Huntington
I I
~ . ~ i i ~ n i ~ i l : ~ ~ d ~ d i ~ n 5 1 d zation Zuda: ~ 4 u f i bjiuan"uniafiwui
bfl7~2?ilLLFIt Social Mobilization
Sociat Mobilization = ~alu!dtY¶J~l3%J& n i a G w u i w i s r ~ a ~ ~ W o
dm John H. Kautsky r h ~ d l ' i i i Modernization ~ f l u l ~ p ~ u d ~ ~ ~ d n ' o ~ f s " r ~ b n13 d s d I ~dinurrdwdmdniaaiha n&sderana:wuuos Modernization wwdumawidniabiad 019
As. 2 ~~unfl91arni!&rfluaasa"nwm:&2u5~6a Modernization ~bna"~06611urb~$dn~~ n"El Moderni-
zation iuicnnmuuan d~i~~o~~nwrn:dil:~~~a~nnatwuwi~nia~~a~Iu~njnUm:d
umndidfu~d20
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Samuel P. Huntington !bi~nun&~~dsd16y 3 d x m s t~fla-n:s~iiu , I
" 22 I Political Modernization
1. n ? ~ u i ~ u t ~ ~ t ~ u w u u o o d ~ u ~ o w $ ~ d (Rationalization of Authority] ddnuifl
i i ~ n i ~ d i i u i t r n ~ n i ~ ~ B ~ ~ ~ ~ u u ~ ~ ~ ~ u d ~ i ~ ~ u n ~ A d ~ : ~ ~ ~ Rinui n ~ o u n f i nieb#aai i
I n q r ? n ~ ~ u d ~ u i i u i ~ n i ~ n i ~ b ~ ~ d ~ n d d ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ u ~ i u ~ n ~ n a i ~ ~ b ~ 9 ~ w ~ ~iluiiuiam~
9 4 2. n?l~tlolnd19.a"u~D~~D9~~~9af19tt~~~~1~P119n13l~D (Differentiation of
I , I
Political ~tructurel U ~ : ~ ~ ~ I U ~ I U I ~ L O W I : ~ I U ~ I ~ $ ~ $?wod6nsmdng~ui~ 11~6ns I
nn1.r n ~ A n s u i n n aazn~An~n1 f inu i~ ina4 a : u u n h b i l i ~ ~ s z ~ ~ d i i u n i ~ b ~ o d i,rd I I
a : ~ f i t n d ~ u d i u d o l l ~ UI~IJMGI~~IJ 7 nnn!ddn uonainffn13bhff:eiibb~rid!n 7 a r 11 I 1
( i n ~ ~ ~ u l r l m u n ~ n ~ n m 4 ~ ~ n ~ u n ~ n a 1 u C u ~ ~ ~ w n ! d l d ~ d o ~ a 1 n ~ ~ u ~ a n w " n ~ ~ ~ n n ~ n n u ~ , I
1 iiu~OunisdauK2 I
P., 223 I iinam:und62i?udsum Political Modernization OIV~:L%~~WL~~Y~!RRJU I I,
Political Modernization
naiurr~lndis~u~ou niar#iijd-auiau Political - -
~ L . ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ I ~ I ~ L Q w I ~ &IU f + mmistdos Modernizati6n I
S.N. Eisenstadt !ii~~dGnlnrrti'd~~i~uotnl.rafltn?iub0uv~ua~u~1tn1a
rdot15 4 darnia #in 44 anwturd.rrni.rrb.rnuotm.rw~i~na~u~~u~u~~mtnir u tdntn3~rnsdunuin
d d d a. mtma~dntiin:~nirjwnimi.r~liotnfln~~uunndit$u$o~~uat~f~~~ usm'nwolum.r
mtm.rb~ot1~u~~u~~a~~n:i~u8uvdt~ub$~an"ubnu~~~in~iu ~ ~ : n ? i n ~ ~ n i i u ~ d
~awi:~ai:at ~anr:~.r:ni.rdnot oidnnur.no5run.r.ruei15 7 uototdnml.r~dnt n n
~9m.rdaunnit n n o ~ ~ u ~ i ~ i - l n b ~ ~ ! l ) % o ~ i d u a ~ u ~ n 7 SnriauunoGtnu gn.am:d.r:ni.r
dmn ~ y ' i ~ i u ~ I ~ n ~ u u v i ~ ~ n 0 a 1 w ~ ~ t ~ 1 ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ n 1 ~ d 0 : u u i u ' b d ~ ~ n ~ n d t 1 odim5ituait 2 f I I
utuuIuri~nu unztudPlnazus~u~~~tnun~alwian,n 1 nu awnrtdarniacici inua~tu: d nd 0 d ~ ~ l d 6 q 1 n n 1 ~ i ~ ~ 7 1 ~ ' ~ ~ d ~ : ~ ~ t i r 6 t 1 ~ u n~nnaun~iuaoua.r.ruuot~smi@i~ndid
d u ~ d o u ~ aio!dnnadoio!&un t ~ ~ I ~ m a ~ i ~ ~ n n n i . r liri~n:n oiuituwiornuot$o~l#i f "24 m.rdnnaotbic~Ou~na!5da&noaiw~idtd~ui~~a:d~~uuinuu
Almond nwu Powell n' !~~~d~ur inwtu:dnhu 7 riw uddt~ddflqrud A 25 d16; 2 dazn1.r no
I . nain~imn~~t$u~ouuotl~at~a"i~uotot~na~So~n~Gu~itni.r~fiotlu~tnn C
GU 7 (Differentiation of Political Structure)
2. na~udb~qd~anit~~n~ota"wuaarn'~itniabdot (Seculatization of Political
Culture)
Dankwart A. Rustow nwu ~ o b e r t E. Ward Ybi'b~uobb~:6abbda%ot
n~ra~~tnaiu~ilunir~~m~nia~~ojmnu$;ii~nw~ruotm.r~Gotd~fluni(~sJ"a~:cn"otd
Gn w nr:~tvio!d2~~
7. i i n i ~ P c l ~ ~ ~ u n u i n m ~ m 5 $ ~ ~ l n u ~ n ~ C n ~ u q w % w n ~ 4 n ~ C n q ~ a ~ s u
8. 5f nis~uni~iii~wnn~~uiu~~n:nia6n~unaiu~~n~uu~u~ i u " ~ ~ ~ ~ a z u u n ~ w u i s
duwnauulan (secularization) nnz'bd8n y ~ l n s ~ i l u ~ K n
m ~ a ~ i ~ n m t d ~ r n " u a o l " u n i ~ n i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n " ~ n i ~ w ~ ~ ~ ~ d i n i ~ n i ~ ~ 3 e ~ (Political Modernization and Political Development)
iinia1nn~a1uvi1udl919"~u1uu~~~iii Gmuinitms~ijsafifln i ~ d u u ~ ~ ~ a t n n
binj lddl ju~fiu ui~ifii~n~di?fl~unun"u'bflua:~u~d~ i l 2 ~ i l ~ f l 1965 d J Huntington W E d
bilunuu3ndwuiuiu~1MbwunJnaiubbnndlJbb~:bbun~il Political Modernization Eli3nlln '
A i i i Political Development ~ B i ~ d n ~ i l u Political Modernization i%u tgu~in~dJmi l~du?
b ~ l i u n u ridnu 'ua:msa27ia dfiik~~uflu~~uueifi 'bd4ib~ub~un'bd ~ws1zrnsn-h~
n?iur~u~u~l?u~um~b~~~u~~il~~~I~nuni~'bdbduan"uni~b~n~bau ~ ~ s / d i ~ f u A i i i ni3
vj,umi~ni~~~o~6uil:&i0~1~~unn'b~~~id~nu6u~z~~0.bflu~~u~~~'b~fimiu ~ $ u dwn~auA
Iunn?ssud 5 simitn.r13fiu1umn?ssud 2 ~ ~ n i u ~ u ~ n ? ~ 3 l t d 8 ~n i i i - j zuun i3~dn~
dmi l3u 'b~ iGauiuh AJ q nJqd31~-
i l i n f l u~ Guiimiu
innifloi-rmiii?~bdadi~ 7 unc Political Modernization $IJ~UU~?I.IITI~WU~~
n s ~ u ~ u n i ~ d t ~ k w ~ ~ C d i u ~ i u u n ~ f ~ u i a n ~ i ~ u ~ i ~ d ~ ' ~ n i l u n " n ~ u u i u s ~ & 1 n 3 ~ ~ n ~ n i f i u - Z U A B un~f~~u6ninlrm:un~~~d3uim~~a:qmniw~ Ji~un~wnnil:auotnoudnnaiu60~ni3~~dan q
, d 1 bd q ~ u ~ A n i l i n n i ~ ~ ~ i u ~ a u a ' a u ~ i ~ n i a ~ d n ~ Lbn:ns:u?unis Social Mobilization l~?!#i'
d~:tintmwlums~uo~nnuun~f~dlnn~~u~'bafiil~~uiuii~iirzuuni~ido~6~
ds:Fiuuntni~~~uini~ni~~Gn~~~~au bin: Huntington 'be?b~und~Gu 2 dxn13 !urn3
T~~:KuuosnirGaui~i~ni3~in~ ?in2'
2. r z$uun~na iu~Uu~ n l l k (Level of Institutionalization) M ulfJ~Jn3t ~la0afll3
d ~ n t ~ n 3 m ~ n i s ~ G n ~ k~%n3~~?~m3m~m3bb0Jfl~blb61bb~:bRd~31 unzmu13nd
2.1 naiuaiuian~un'ladfu6a
2.2 naiuw ih$udau
2.3 f l ? l % J b f l ~ ~ W ~ ~
2.4 R~IULOUO~(M~J~UL#U~KU~*
r i~holiunaa~urua~ Huntington ijduadii Political Modernization L ~ ~ U L ~ I J V B J
n ia~~ulu~~4diu i tu idu Lduodi;naI.fiuinC nuinaiuninn~dLiu4u LLR:O:LGII~~~
dauiauni~nia~da~uin4u ~CluCiu d m Political Development O : L B U L ~ ~ J Y ~ J ~ I ; T L ~ U
qtuniw ~ a m a ~ d u n a i u ~ i u i a n u a ~ a ~ ~ n a n ~ a ~ n i ~ u w i ~ n ~ a ~ ~ a i u ~ a d
Political Modernization
ttiriuiiiu Political Development I ~ ~ I U : , ~ L ~ J U ~ ~ L ~ ~ ~ I ~ L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ W R ~ I U L L ~ E ~ ~ ~ L L ~ ~ I ~
~ u d u m aiondial&ii Political Modernization ~iJuna:uauniad~1~iy1un7a ~ a u ~ f i d q i u m ~ n i a ~ f i a ~ ~ u o l ~ J ~ ~ ~ m a ~ w u i m d n i a ~ d a r ~ u ~ ~ ~ i d a u i nli-~fiad-~u
" f r d af i~n~Anad i~ 7 ~umnlnsnaiun~in ~~un~wsde:~nn~-m?alfin~aaua~maucsiana~u Ciaio~rnal~a.! 7 16 d ~ u n ' ~ ~ ~ a " w u n ~ a u ~ ~ d n ~ a b i a d b b u u ~ d L ~ u s a i u ~ nuwf~ud~:~&fi
d~uiaumtnia~fin~ uaufuluL~ulwa.a:n'l~fihai~~da"nbinflcian~uflad~unaluu-~~iJu
~ ~ ~ Z " I I I G ~ ~ ~ ~ : J I ~ ~ I ~ R ~ I ~ L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ J ~ U L G U ~ ~ ~ ~ " U ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I U I U " I I I G LDU~~U
d ? ~ Almond fiu Powell dnaa~u:~u~nwtu:dn1iu~d~iiuCu Huntington 1nr.1 * d o
uadil Political Modernization ezd~naudi?ul~eouM'ai6y 2 daznia $8
1. aruunia~dn~fi~rn~n4i~wi~nia~da~dumnriisaudsu
2. f i a " w u ~ a a u ~ i ~ n i a ~ d n d ~ ~ u u ' b ~ n
nci~~nudijazuuniai~odbviuar?utuoioozdazuuniai~odd~~w"auiii~& i;?u d L M ? ~ Almond ih Powell ~ d ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ z u u n ~ a b ~ ~ dAw'tuuibb6aifu 9: Oiodi j f la%uin . i?n~~
I I
f ibf i~~~uBuuiainf la~uvod Political Modernization u w z ~ a ~ n 6 a d u f i # o n a 1 u b ~ u ~ ~ a t
R ~ d m U n 3 3 ~ ~ : ~ n d Almond fill Powell d~ U O J ~ Political Modernization $3
~ i l u ? l u J i u d d i ~ Q ~ o ~ n ~ a f i w u ~ n i a ~ ~ o ~ k u i o ~ ,
breeds stability, modernization breeds instability)
1. inqmirni~r'a.rro.rna~u",nw"u (ldbmity Crisis)
n?iuc?n~~lud6MuiUd9~ai~f~na"TI"d18H?~~i8~f l nnna-runaiuf.tinunl~dazaiau ,,Y P diiwamu1~0uwaniFiuaiiua~lu~~nu~uiAuan'u ^?ntlnni.rnruinn#uluda~~a~nia~dduu
~ i d n d d d n a i u u u n u i~d~uau~n~u~u3ulrui-ii0uua9 "waniui" ilz~difluduau
fuiinda!d Ljnqnnnnldn~naiu~ nw"u~niil~ieia!6~0 4 ;diiuuEi?nfTu fin
2. inqmniadi:oruaqn~iu~au~~au (Legitimacy crisis)
nstuauni.5 Social Mobilization 3 ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ I d ~ ~ ~ ~ : F ; ~ ~ 7 RPIU!~ 8 7 ~ 1 9
uo.s$dnn3ets:qnfimu fiwm:us~iiui~d~s~~iwan~i~:~~i~~unudiiuitduinn
naiurQo~~s:d3:~wsii
9 4 1 3. inqmniaddarvo~nir ~ ~ I ~ ~ I M ~ I U ~ I J ~ I ~ I J ~ ~ Political Participation Crisis)
a. inqnrn~di~oauoanai~aiu~an~~fiiaiu"~dad~~c11ic11 (Penetration Crisis)
s~6uua~naiumuisn1uni~t51~~~s:aiauun~i~u1a~uai~~'b~~~nbnn1nw"ubuuiu
uo.sf~nilnsnhtiiu'bdodi~dds:GnDmwldi1az~3u~~a~ua~m~ nisnauquwqGmsu
dfim~rernuostniinui9n nialss"aTa8nian19tidnu niavTmuiauun sas Inrum: GuaCw
ds:aiau~a~fiRim.rn~5id~iianisd~i;'uaiiuubuu~uniluadi~~;ua:~nhn~~du~m~~ w h u
Adtnulilds:diunwtAaiuwbuuiutu 7
3. qu~udnaiui~ufi~~:~uaubod~d ddid3:iw 6 m w i flinuiuodnuioc idu
a i Au luu i ind iriidic 7 &aufuitl~a";a1~1~~drin1 Sjnqnnn duo ~ni.~i~iidd3:aiau 2 B i'nnuuiu~~dnn~eddaunaidusdiina1uiilu~nr:~uau~nduod~uau~sudi~uw~~~uei8
naiurtlu~u~dsCui~safiuuo~aiG
4. quau~iau~~uauun! ~ !&a "un13 i~~oa i i na in f~u inn i~~~ i i dna~ naiu~iandi~
s : ~ ' i i ~ i ~ o ~ i i ~ l a u u ~ e ~ u i ~ b l ~ o ~ ~ ~ u ! & ~ B i ~ ~ ~ i a u i&tlini~1~1~naiuiiluw"una~"n n3:-
uaunn Social Mobilization ~ti~u6a~~n~$alau1b%1!didaua'au~~ona"os~oa"~u1nnnld
lu~~o~vo~aa"eGn13wi~G~nu ni.rd.r:Ku.sini$ia 7n-1
a. inqmniaddo-rua-rrna~~~n~~~~n~wuinaua-raw-r (Distribution crisis) .$a c; 2 A 5nqnnia mu~~~nuuiu~~ainG~~ufin~~~Q~~nai~~iduw"ue~er~u~:~~wnl$nu~~~
!dbdauiaum~m~~f io~~Auuin~u un::a:iisnfn~l~ifgui~nwn~anuuin$u 'Luum:
~~na~u~~uin~o~fi~~i~udardill~~nm~~~ud~:iin5mwlum~iianu~m~wu1n~un~
~dnu1iiia:n~~u~duoda"a~~a~u~"aou1~~~a3u1ps"u1n~u Ldonaiuo~.rtlnundautm a"tpin I I
d~naiualui~n~um~ritl~~iiinni3na:nu.i~u~~ iiuhi.e:urirn~ aannauci~fifiqnc~ii
uo~fdnuiu 7 ~ d u B~uiairn:iwfwa ~ ~ u i n 6 u ; u r i o 1 ~ 3 o ~ ~ u 0 1 n ~ n q ~ n 1 3 d d ! ~ ~
114 PS 425
's.H. Alatas, Modernization and Social Change, (Sydney: New Century, 1972),
2 ~ . ~ . Black, The Dynamics of Modernization, (N.Y.: Harper and Row, 1966), I
%I ~ p. 7.
I I
3 ~ . ~ . Apter, The Politics of Modernization, (Chicago: The University of Chicago i I Press, 19651, p. 67. I
4 ~ , Shils, Political Development in the New States, (The Hugue: Mouton I I 1
and Co., 19651, p. 10. I 44- 19
51daafi9~3 b ~ 1 James OsConnell, The Concept of Modernization, In C. E. Black, I I I
ed., Comparative Modernization, (N.Y.: The Free Press, 1976), pp. 17-24. 4 4
6~daaf imam~ Jelcott Parsons, The Social Structure, (Glencoe, Free Press, I
4 I
19511 I
I
7~lmond 8 Powell, Comparative Politics: A Developmental Approach, (Boston: I
Little Brown and Co., 19661, pp. 215-218.
's.P. Huntington, ~ol i t ical Order in Changing Societies, (New Haven: Yale
University Press, 19711, pp. 32-33. 1 I
44 99
'K. Biggerstaff, Modernization-and Early Modern China, in C.E. Black, ed., i Comparative Modernization, Op.cit., pp. 148-149.
1°0p.cit., Apter, p. 67. I
llbid.,
I 2 ~ a r l W. Deutsch, "Social Mobilization and Political ~eve lo~ment , " in Finkle
and Gable, ed., Political Development and Social Change, (N.Y.: Wiley and Sons.,
19661, pp. 384-405. 64
13~d-iaf i9~am~ S. Huntington, The Change to Change: Modernization, Develop-
ment, and ~olitics," Journal of Comparative Politics, April, 1971, pp. 283-322.
140p.cit., C.E. Black, 'The Dynamics of Modernization, pp. 67-89.
50p.cit., Huntington, pp. 33-34.
16619b4 Ibid., p. 43.
17619a~ Ibid., p. 47.
181bid., p. 48.
1g61drb~ Ibid., p. 40.
20~ohn H. Kautsky, The Poll equences of Modernization, (N.Y.:
John Wiley and Sons, 19721, pp. 44-49. ,
2 1 ' 6 d 3 m f i 9 ~ ~ ~ ~ Roger W. Benjamin, Richard N. Blue, Stephen Coleman, "MO-
dernization and Political Change: A Compatative Aggregate Data Analysis of India Political 11
Behavior, ll.4 R. Benjamin, A. Arian, J. Coleman, Patterns of Political Development,
(N.Y.: David Mckay Co., 19721, pp. 30-80.
220p.cit., Huntingtan, pp. 34-35.
2 3 ~ . La Mond Tunis, Politics end Social Change in Third World Countries,
(N .Y . : ' JO~~ Wiley and Sons, 19731, p. 55. 44 11
2 4 ~ . ~ . Eisenstadt, Bureaucracy and Political Development, r b ~ J. La Palombara
ed., Bureaucracy and Political Development, (N.J.: Princeton University Press, 19711,
p. 99.
25~~ l~ " 'Ld lm lU Op.cit., Almond and Powell, pp. 215~218.
2 6 ~ . ~ . Rustow and R.E. Ward, Political Modernization in ~ a p a n and Turkey.
(N.J.: Princeton University Press, 19641, pp. 6-7.
270p.cit., Huntington, p. 12.
28m9z~n~rui1us~nat~~un1uL4odvodfiaiuL0pbwm~&und 7
290p.~it., Almond and Powell, pp. 215-218.
30~ucian W. Pye, Aspects of Political Development, (Boston: Little, Brown
and Co., 19661, pp. 62-66 LL(I Pye \&nindiad~?n~mn13&~1~~flud 5 d3313 h Leonard
Binder LLatFImt, Crises and Sequences in Political Development, (N.J.: Princeton
University Press, 19711, p. Vlll ( 6 n
31~ucian W. Pye, The Legitimacy Crisis, in Ibid., Binder bbW",n", pp. 138-
148.
321bid., pp. 187-192. ,
4 iion.s~ol.rrnn 4
#wiin'i$y Modernization
Universalistic
Specific
Achievement
Westernization
Industrialization
Urbanization
Economic Development
Participation
Political Modernization
Rationalization of Authority
Identity Crisis
Legitimacy Crisis
Political Participation Crisis
Penetration Crisis
Distribution Crisis
Integration Crisis
~iimun"iuun
1. Modernization Y I U l f l ~ 9 E I S l S
w Gu%'u~EIu" 44
I I
5. Modernization ~fl~naz~launi~61Plua%u~~lnia~dosoeiis~nfl9a" 1dEIWdaifl
PS 425
6 . osofidaifldsfloi~ad Huntington ~ ~ ~ ' T F I ~ I s : u u ~ ~ ~ f iashda t6u~osfiai1.j tflu W~MRDIIYUIFI~I a~iwo$st~d
7. %IO f i d n f l ~ l n d iad i i l~odern i ty breeds stability but modernization breeds
9. osndiadsfiaia~$uw'us'a:~did Political Modernization fill Political Development
uiodism:~8om lo. Modernization ~ i o ~ u i d ~ ? n ~ ~ m ~ ~ ~ i ~ n ~ a ~ d a s ~ m i ~ ~ ~ ~ a : n i a ~ s ~ f i ~ l n ? n q . -