nsf tools & techniques - systematic innovation - open 2011

1Condoor Rayess Weaver NCIIA 2011

NCIIA 2011

Workshop on Systematic Innovation Tools

Tools & Techniques Workshop Sponsored by NSF

Development Work Sponsored by the Kern Family Foundation

Jonathan Weaver1, Nassif Rayess1 & Sri Condoor2

1 University of Detroit Mercy2 Saint Louis University


Workshop Objectives

• Quickly introduce various techniques for systematic innovation that can help entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs generate more and better concepts

• Present more detail on two such techniques with some time to apply them during the workshop

• Provide free access to slides on the various tools for your use in the classroom


Systematic Innovation Techniques

• Biomimicry• Painstorming• Functional Decomposition• Axiomatic Design• Ethnography• TRIZ• Lateral Benchmarking• De Bono’s Six Hats• De Bono’s Concept Fans

• Bisociation• Blue Ocean Strategy• Nine Windows• The Search for the

Problem• Kano Model• De Bono’s Provocation• Trimming


Biomimicry

• Shinkansen front end modeled after kingfisher’s beak to minimize tunnel entry/exit shockwave

• Pantograph supports have serrations modeled after owl plumage to reduce wind noise

Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature, J. Benyus, Perrenial NY, 2002


Painstorming

• Find – and eliminate – your customers’ biggest pains


Functional Decomposition

Based on Ulrich & Eppinger, 2005

DrivenNail

Energy

Nails

“Trip”of

Tool

Storenails

Isolatenail

SenseTrip

TriggerTool

Applytranslationalenergy to nail

Store/acceptexternalenergy

Convert ener-gy to transla- tional energy


Axiomatic Design

• Two principle axioms: Independence, Information


Ethnography: IDEO Methods Cards

• Cards summarizing 51 techniques IDEO uses to come up with new innovations

• Broken into four categories: LEARN, LOOK, ASK, and TRY

• LOOK and ASK most relate to ethnography and include :– A day in the life - Narration– Behavioral mapping - Extreme User Interviews– Fly on the wall - Word-Concept

Association– Time lapse video - Camera Journal


How Many Ways Do You Know to Move a Liquid?


• Acoustic Cavitation • Acoustic Vibrations • Archimedes’ Principle • Bernoulli’s Theorem • Boiling • Brush Constructions • Capillary Condensation • Capillary Evaporation • Capillary Pressure • Coanda Effect • Condensation • Coulomb’s Law • Deformation • Electrocapillary Effect • Electroosmosis • Electrophoresis • Electrostatic Induction • Ellipse • Evaporation • Ferromagnetism • Forced Oscillations • Funnel Effect

• Gravity • Inertia • Ionic Exchange • Jet Flow • Lorentz Force • Magnetostriction • Mechanocaloric Effect • Osmosis • Pascal Law • Resonance • Shock Wave • Spiral • Super Thermal Conductivity • Superfluidity • Surface Tension • Thermal Expansion • Thermocapillary Effect • Thermomechanical Effect • Ultrasonic Capillary Effect • Ultrasonic Vibrations • Use of foam • Wetting Knowledge from all fields


Your Problem

Generic Problem

Your Solution

Generic Solution

The Direct Path Can Be Elusive

TRIZ: The Theory of Inventive Problem Solving


Lateral Benchmarking

Source: http://www.takegreatpictures.com/content/images/pit_crew_racing_houston_gra.jpg


De Bono’s Six HatsEach hat signifies a thinking mode White: The information hat Visualize white paper with information written on it.

Red: The emotion hat Visualize “seeing red,” passion, valentine hearts.

Black: The caution hat (note: this is not a cowboy “bad guy” hat) Visualize dark consequences.

Yellow: The optimism hat Visualize the yellow sunshine on a bight new day.

Green: The creativity hat Visualize green pastures, open fields on which to roam.

Blue: The procedure hat Visualize the sky over us, we work under the blue sky.


IDEA CONCEPTBROAD

CONCEPT

Cop

e w

ith

a w

ater

sho

rtag

eO

bjec

tive

Reduce consumption

Increase supply

Do without

Increased efficiency of use

Reduced waste

Discourage use

Education

New sources

Recycling

Less wastage from source

Education

Stop water-using processes

Substitute other substances

Avoid need to use water

Meter water

Charge for water use

Raise charge for water use

Water only obtainable from public sources

Water only at certain times

Put a harmless bad smell into the water

Restrict discretionary use

Publish names of heavy users

Threaten to ration water

De Bono’s Concept Fans


Bisociation

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Sears_Tower_ss.jpg


Blue Ocean Strategy

Source: Blue Ocean Strategy, W. Chan Kim & Renee Mauborgne, Harvard Business School Press, 2005


Nine Windows

Reference: Gamestorming: A playbook for Innovators, Rulebreakers and Changemakers Dave Gray, S. Brown and J. Macanufo, O’Reilly 2010


The Search for the Problem

• Techniques to help make sure you’re working on the right problem– Statement – Restatement – Why – Why Diagram (aka ‘5 Why’s’)– Present State – Future State– Checklisting / Trigger Words– Situation Analysis

Reference: Engineering bv Design, Gerard Voland, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2nd edition 2004


The Kano Model (Cont.)

Diagram adapted from the Kano Model, Noriako Kano, Yoko University

NotImplemented

FullyImplemented

+

-

0


Slides

• The slides shown here will be available via NCIIA• If you want slides on the other topics, please email

Jonathan Weaver – they’re free for classroom use – but if you can help us make them better, we’d appreciate it!


Let’s Try Some Techniques

• De Bono’s Provocation• Trimming

nsf tools & techniques - systematic innovation - open 2011

Documents

condoorrayess weaver

information hat

water use

problem techniques

techniques ideo

various techniques

hatseach hat

creativity hat