Notes by your peers separated by movie clips, music, and cartoons!!

The Flapper

• Flapper - Brash women who

wore short skirts, cut their

hair, wore make up, listened

to jazz, breaking social

norms

Significance:

Many

women felt

freer to

experiment

with bolder

styles and

manners

Automotive

• Mass Production –faster, more

efficient means of producing

identical products

• Henry Ford – mass produced the

Model T (automobile) – makes it

affordable to everyday Americans

• Assembly Line – a means of

production in which the product is

on an conveyor belt and assembled

piece by piece

Significance:

Increase

production &

advance

economy

people buying

on credit &

installment

plans

Henry Ford regarding the Model T,

“You can buy any one you want…so long as its black”

Mass Media • The Jazz

Singer – first

movie with

sound

• Talkies –

movies with

sound

• NBC –

(National

Broadcasting

Company)

national radio

station

Significance:

Increase

communication,

create national

unity/culture

Hate Groups

• Knights of Mary Phagan –

lynched Leo Frank (Jew) in

Marietta, part of the recreation of

the KKK

• KKK – white supremacist group –

terrorize anyone who is NOT

white and protestant

• Red Summer – race riots break

out in 25 cities after WWI

Significance:

Discrimination

prevails –

we’re not

progressing

racially as a

nation.

Prohibition

• 18th Amendment –

prohibition of alcohol

• Speakeasies – illegal bar

where you can buy alcohol

• Al Capone – notorious

gangster who is going to

profit from prohibition

Significance:

Causes crime /

illegal activity

- Gangs control

the cities

Immigration

• Communism – gov’t system where the gov’t owns everything, and everyone shares (anti-capitalism)

• Sacco and Vanzzetti – known Italian-born radicals, Mass. court convicted them of robbery & murder, case somewhat shaky in court, sentenced to death

• Red Scare – people are afraid of the spread of communism

Significance:

Fear of

communism

immigrant

discrimination

& restrictions

Jazz Age

• improvisation - spontaneous ("on the fly“) composing music

• Louis Armstrong – famous jazz trumpeter, becomes a leader in the jazz movement

• Cotton Club – club for white people to see jazz singers, brings AA culture into mainstream America

Significance:

New cultural

expression,

reduce racial

tension

Harlem Renaissance

• Harlem Renaissance – home

to AA literary awakening

• Langston Hughes – poet of

Harlem, wrote about the good

and bad of AA lives

• The New Negro – book written

by Alain Locke, celebrate AA

culture

Significance:

Develop of AA

culture,

encourage

black pride

Popular Music • Irving Berlin – song writer who made

a new kind of music that changes America ( I’m dreaming of a white Christmas & Anything you can do I can do better)

• Tin Pan Alley – producers of jazz music, birthplace of American popular music

• Charleston- new dance, with beats of popular ragtime music

Significance:

Development

of American

culture / unity

Presidential Policy Contributing to U.S.

ProsperityWarren Harding (1921-23)

His promise was a "return to normality". He reduced taxes to give businesses more money to grow and to put more money in the pockets of ordinary Americans. Harding was pro business, anti tax, anti regulation. In 1922, he introduced the Fordney-McCumber Tariff Act which imposed a tax on goods from foreign countries. This made foreign goods more expensive than domestic goods, and so this encouraged Americans to buy American goods only. The name for this policy was protectionism.

Calvin Coolidge (1923-29)

"Business is America's business," said Calvin Coolidge. He stuck to the same policy as Harding. Although he didn’t do much (his nickname was 'Silent Cal'), Americans believed he was a good President because of the strength of the economy. He had a huge respect for businessmen and adhered to the laissez-faire policy. He gave businessmen the freedom to make a profit and become rich. Even the Wall Street Journal praised this policy: "No government ever before, either here nor in any other country, has succeeded in uniting so thoroughly with the business world."

Herbert Hoover (1929-32)

He became President in 1929 following his promise to "put a chicken in every cooking pot, and a car in every garage". Hoover believed less in laissez-faire and more on rugged individualism. This meant that people should not depend on the government for help - they should solve their own problems by working harder. Hoover lost the next Presidential election in 1932 because of this viewpoint - it was perceived as too severe given the state of the US and World economy. Blamed for The Great Depression.

Now Let’s Answer the

EQ!!!

Does the term ‘Roaring 20s’ appropriately

describe the time period?

i.e., what are the positives and negatives

associated with the 20s?

Yes (positives) No (negatives)

Soc/art 1. Flapper = freer behaviors and styles… independent woman

2. Mass Media: NBC creates national culture (American unity)

3. Popular music: blending of black and white culture; dance focuses on individual

4. Jazz Age: blending of black and white culture

5. Literature: Harlem celebrates black culture

1. Flapper: inept/ drunk/ strumpets/ not working

2. Mass Media – reinforces stereotypes (lil sambo – jazz singer)

3. Hate Groups: rise of KKK and race riots

4. Immigrant relations: red scare leads to discrimination of immigrants

Pol 5. Prohibition leads to organized crime and gang control of city… backlash to progressives

Eco 6. Mass Production: inc in credit and consumerism… affordable cars inc suburban sprawl