BASKETBALL

History a game of five players in each team with seven or more

substitutes, wherein a player can pivot, run, jump, dribble and pass

objective is to shoot the ball into the opponent’s basket invented by Dr. James Naismith in 1891 in Springfield,

Massachusetts a peach basket was nailed at the gymnasium balcony

and served as the first goal officially played in the 1936 Olympics

Facility and Equipment Playing court should be 28 meters in length and 15

meters in width Backboard and baskets (rings and nets) Basketballs are orange balls with 8 traditionally-shaped

panels and black seams, 74.9cm-78cm in circumference and 567g-650g in weight

Game clock and stopwatch are used for timing periods of play and intervals between

24-second device Signals, scoreboard, and score sheet Player team foul, team foul markers, team foul

indicators

Mechanical analysis of the basic skills1] Passing

when the ball is thrown to you spread the fingers but keep them relaxed when the ball hits the fingers, let the arms give slightly

inward the body finger it into passing position by placing the hands on

each side of the ball so that you can get it away quickly or get set for a shot, when the ball is under controla] Chest pass

i] hold the ball with both hands, elbows close to the body, fingers spread with thumbs pointed inward

ii] step toward the receiver and whip the ball with a strong wrist snap ad push off thumbs and fingers making the arms follow through in the direction of pass

b] Bounce passi] hold ball lower about waist highii] push the ball out and down with enough force

and at such an angle that the ball bounces to the teammate

c] Overhead pass

i] bring the ball well above and slightly behind the head with both hands and release it with a strong wrist snap and extension of the arms

ii] shift the ball in front of the waist to the throwing hand, turn the opposite side of the body in the direction of the pass, and then whip the ball back

d] Baseball pass shift the ball in front of the waist to the throwing

hand, turn the opposite side of the body in the direction of the pass, and then whip the ball back

2] Dribblinga] dribble with the body low, hands farthest from the

defender and use the body to protect the ballb] spread the fingers and relax the wrist and the fingersc] control the ball with the fingers, pushing it down

forward3] Pivoting

a forward pivot is executed by keeping one foot in place on the floor and moving the other forward and across the foot in place

a reverse pivot is executed by keeping one foot in place and moving the other backward in a semi-circle

4] Shootinga] Jump shot

i] execute a controlled jump, at the same time bring the ball overhead with the shooting hand behind and the elbows of the shooting arms under the ball and the other hand in front

ii] at the peak of the leap, remove the balance hand and release the ball with extension of the right forearm and good wrist extension

b] Lay upi] stop dribbling when the right foot is on the floor,

step with the left foot, bring up the right knee and jump off the left foot, leap high into the air, shifting the ball to the shooting hand, and raise the shooting hand as high as possible above and in front of the head

ii] release the ball of the fingertips, laying it softly against the backboards

Basic rules the game consists of four (4) periods of ten (10) minutes

and intervals of two (2) minutes between the first and second period, between the third and fourth period and before each extra period; half time period is fifteen (15) minutes

score tied at the end of playing time for the fourth period, the game is continued with an extra period of five

minutes or with as many such periods of five minutes as are necessary to break the tie

during a penalty, the ball is awarded to the opponents for a throw-in at the place of the original throw-in

each charged time out lasts one minute; one charged time out is granted to each team during each of the first three periods, two during the fourth period and one during each extra period; unused time outs may not be carried over the next period or extra period

Three seconds rule – a player is not allowed to remain in the opponent’s restricted area for more than three seconds

Five seconds rule – a player who’s is holding a live ball on the court is closely guarded when an opponent is in active guarding position at a distance of no more than one meter; a closely guarded player, must pass, shoot or dribble the ball within five seconds

Eight seconds rule – the team must within eight seconds cause the ball to go into the front court

24-second rule – a shot for a field goal within 24 seconds

Personal fouls involves illegal contact with an opposing player whether the ball is live or dead blocking impedes the progress of an opposing player

with or without the ball charging is pushing or moving in to an opposing player

torso, with or without the ball holding is personal contact with an opposing player that

interferes with his freedom of movement illegal screening is an illegal attempt to delay or prevent

an opposing player who does not control the ball from reaching a desired position on the playing court

illegal use of hand occurs when a defensive player is in a guarding situation and the hand is placed upon and remains in contact with an opposing player with or without the ball to impede his progress

pushing is personal contact with any part of the body which takes place when a player forcibly moves or attempts to move an opposing player who has or does not have control of the ball

Travelling – a player who is holding a live ball on the court steps once or more than once in any direction with the same foot, while the pivot foot is kept in contact with the floor

Ball returned to the backcourt – a player who is in control of a live ball in his front fourt may not cause the ball to be returned to his backcourt

Goal tending – A player touches the ball when it is on its downward flight and the ball is completely above the level of the ring; a player touches the ball after it has hit the backboard and the ball is completely above the level of the ring

Interference with the ball occurs during a shot for a field goal when: a defensive player touches the ball or the basket while the ball is in the basket; a player reaches through the basket from below and touches the ball

Disqualifying foul – any flagrantly unsportsmanlike behaviour by a player, substitute, coach, and assistant coach or team’s followers