note. 2 last time we talked about dietary lipids in sport today proteins are introduced followed by...
TRANSCRIPT
Note
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LAST TIME WE TALKED ABOUT DIETARYLIPIDS IN SPORT
TODAY PROTEINS ARE INTRODUCEDFOLLOWED BY DIETARY PROTEINS IN SPORTS ON 4 FEBRUARY
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LECTURE 9
PROTEINS
2 FEBRUARY 2015
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OUTLINE OF LECTURE 9
1) PROTEINS DEFINED2) AMINO ACID STRUCTURE3) AMINO ACIDS-AMINO DEFINITION -ESSENTIAL OR NOT -BUILDING BLOCKS4) PROTEIN STRUCTURE5) STRUCTURE DEFINES FUNCTION6) IDATME 7) REBUILD INTO STRUCTURE AND HENCE FUNCTION WE USE8) PROTEINS-ESSENTIAL OR NOT?- HEALTHY ROLES9) PROTEINS IN FOOD10) FAD DIETS11) PROTEINS- DRIs
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PROTEINS DEFINED
CONTAIN CARBON, HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN JUST LIKE LIPIDS AND CARBOHYDRATES
BUT PROTEINS ALSO HAVE NITROGEN
SHAPE AND HENCE FUNCTION DEPENDS ON AMINO ACID SIDE CHAINS
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Amino acids
Amino definition
Non-essential Essential Conditionally essential
Building blocks
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PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Variety
Shape-function
Loss of shape-loss of function acid, biochemically (e.g. urea formation) acid gives easier digestion
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PROTEIN STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE DEFINES FUNCTION
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IDATME
Ingestion
-oral-whole proteins
-tube (eg orogastric)-whole proteins
-intravenous-amino acids
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IDATME Digestion
Stomach-acid and pepsin
small intestine lumen-oligopeptides,tri- and dipeptides, and amino acids formed
small intestine wall-tri- and dipeptides formed
into single amino acids
issues of dietary enzymes and pre-digested proteins
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IDATME
Digestion
file:///D:/Media/Animations/chapter6/0606.html
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IDATME
Absorption
Carriers-facilitated
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Transport Blood-amino acids alone
or as part of proteins
IDATME
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PROTEIN ANABOLISM
DNA TO PROTEIN
file:///D:/Media/Animations/chapter6/0607.html
Fig. 6-7, p. 188
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REBUILD INTO STRUCTURE AND HENCEFUNCTION PRIMARYSECONDARYTERTIARYQUATERNARY GLOBULAR FIBROUS
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STRUCTURE IN THE BODY PRIMARYSECONDARYTERTIARYQUATERNARY GLOBULAR FIBROUS
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PROTEIN CATABOLISM
-proteins catabolised to amino acids
-amino acids converted to other molecules – eg glucose, urea, creatinine
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PROTEIN CATABOLISM
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PROTEIN EXCRETION
Urine – urea and creatinine
Faeces- unabsorbed amino acids and proteins
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PROTEINS ESSENTIAL OR NOT?
YES- FUNCTIONS
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PROTEINS ESSENTIAL OR NOT?
YES- FUNCTIONS
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PROTEIN FUNCTIONS
CHAPERONES
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PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED
ENZYMESproteasescarbohydraseslipases
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PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED
TRANSPORT PROTEINSlipoproteinshemoglobinglucose transportersamino acid transporters
sodium potassium transporter
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PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED
NUTRIENT AND STORAGE PROTEINS
nutrient proteinsovalbumincasein
storage proteinsferritin
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PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED
CONTRACTILE OR MOTILE PROTEINS
actinmyosin
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PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED
STRUCTURAL PROTEINScollagenelastinkeratin
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PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED
DEFENCE PROTEINS
antibodiesfibrinogenthrombin
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PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED
REGULATORY PROTEINSinsulinparathyroid hormone
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PROTEIN FUNCTIONSCONTINUED
RECEPTOR PROTEINSinsulinLDL
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PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED
SIGNALLING PROTEINSinsulin sets offsignalling cascade forglycogen synthesis
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PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED
ENERGY
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BIND, CATALYSE AND BUILD
PROTEIN FUNCTIONS CONTINUED
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PROTEINS IN FOODS
Complete-meats fish poultry -eggs milk cheese -SOYBEANS –
- QUINOA- BUT CAUTION
Incomplete-corn, peanuts, peas -navybeans -grains, nuts, sunflower and sesame seeds
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PROTEINS IN FOODS CONTINUED
Complementary proteins-corn and beans-rice and beans-bread and peanut butter-macaroni and cheese
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PROTEINS IN FOODS CONTINUEDBREADS, GRAINS, CEREALS
BREAD –2 SLICES -2 GRAMS PROTEIN 1 ROLL-2 GRAMS PROTEIN RICE-1/2 CUP COOKED- 2 GRAMS PROTEIN
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PROTEINS IN FOODS CONTINUEDFRUITS AND VEGETABLES CANNED PEARS-1/2 CUP- 1 GRAM PROTEIN 1 APPLE- MEDIUM-400 MG PROTEIN CARROT STICKS- 1 CARROT-1 GRAM PROTEIN ASPARAGUS – ½ CUP- 2.8 GRAMS PROTEIN
SOYBEANS-1/2 CUP COOKED-11 GRAMS PROTEIN
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PROTEINS IN FOODS CONTINUEDMILK AND DAIRY PRODUCTS
FAT FREE MILK- ½ CUP- 4 GRAMS PROTEIN ICE CREAM-2/3 CUP-3 GRAMS PROTEIN CHEESE-84 GRAMS- 24 GRAMS PROTEIN
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Proteins in foods continuedMEATS, POULTRY, FISH AND NUTS CHICKEN BREAST – 84 GRAMS- 26 GRAMS PROTEIN
ROAST PORK-84 GRAMS-22.5 GRAMS PROTEIN
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PROTEINS IN FOODS CONTINUED
ROAST BEEF –84 GRAMS-22 GRAMS PROTEIN FISH- 84 GRAMS-16-20 GRAMS PROTEINS NUTS –84 GRAMS-15 GRAMS MOST NUTS
CHESTNUTS ARE 1.8 GRAMS PROTEIN
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FADS IN PROTEIN DIETS
DR. ATKINS DIET the same high protein, high fat, high cholesterol diet reincarnate
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ATKINS DIET CONTINUED
In the '60's it was the Atkins diet, in the 70's it became the Stillman Diet
and in the'80's it became the Scarsdale Diet. Protein Power Plan in the '90's.
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FAD DIETS – AVOID!!!!
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DIETARY INTAKE RECOMMENDATIONS RECOMMENDED INTAKES OF PROTEIN
DRI – 0.8 grams of protein per kg body weight/day healthy adults (19 and up) -10-35 percent of daily calories from protein -compare to 45-65 % from carbohydrate -compare to 20-35 % from fat
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SUMMARY OF LECTURE 9
1) PROTEINS DEFINED2) AMINO ACID STRUCTURE3) AMINO ACIDS-AMINO DEFINITION -ESSENTIAL OR NOT -BUILDING BLOCKS4) PROTEIN STRUCTURE5) STRUCTURE DEFINES FUNCTION6) IDATME 7) REBUILD INTO STRUCTURE AND HENCE FUNCTION WE USE8) PROTEINS-ESSENTIAL OR NOT?- HEALTHY ROLES9) PROTEINS IN FOOD10) FAD DIETS11) PROTEINS- DRIs
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NEXT LECTURE
DIETARY PROTEINS IN SPORTS