Noninfectious Diseases and Disabilities

Quick Question?

• What do you think is the #1 killer in the United States today, and why?

#1

• Cardiovascular Diseases• Cardiovascular disease accounts

for 45% of all deaths in the U.S. in persons 45 or older

Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease

• Hereditary-family• Ethnicity-AA twice as likely to

develop high blood pressure• Gender-males at greater risk, #1

killer of women• Age-45 and older• Environment, smoke, stress,

pollution, and……..

Types of Cardiovascular Disease

• Hypertension-pressure at which the blood flows (lots of pressure)

• Arteriosclerosis-hardening of the arteries• Angina Pectoris-pain in the chest due to

lack of O2 • Heart attack-due to the blockage in the

arteries leading to the heart• Congestive heart failure-a slow gradual

weakening of the heart (genetics, drug abuse, eating disorders)

Stroke

Warning Signs of a Stroke

• Sudden weakness or numbness of the face, arm, and leg on one side of the body

• Loss of speech, or trouble in speaking or understanding people

• Sudden dimness or loss of vision, particularly in one eye

• Unexplained dizziness, unsteadiness, or sudden falls

Quick Questions?

• What measures can you take to keep your arteries free of plaque buildup?

Cancer

• Human life begins as a single cell that divides millions of times. Cell division occurs throughout life as old dead cells are replaced by new ones. Sometimes the normal forces regulating cell growth are disrupted. Abnormal cells grow and spread to healthy cell. These uncontrolled abnormal cell growths are called cancers.

Tumors

• Tumors- masses of tissue• Benign- noncancerous• Malignant- cancerous

BIGGEST TUMOR EVER REMOVED!

The largest tumor ever removed intact was a multicystic mass of the right ovary weighing 137.6 kg (303 lb). The operation, which took over six hours, was performed by Professor Katherine O’Hanlan of Stanford University Medical Center, California, USA. The growth had a diameter of 1 m (3 ft) and was removed in its entirety in October 1991 from the abdomen of an unnamed 34-year-old woman. The patient who weighed 95 kg (210 lb) after the operation and has made a full recovery left the operating theater on one stretcher and the cyst left on another.

Skin Cancer-The “ABCD’S”

Lung Cancer

Oral Cancer

Colon Cancer

Reproductive Cancer

• Prostate Cancer• Bladder Cancer• Ovarian Cancer• Cervical Cancer• Uterine Cancer• Breast Cancer• Testicular Cancer

Treating Cancer

• Surgery

• Radiation

• Chemotherapy

Diabetes

• A chronic disease that affects the way the body converts food into energy.

• Can lead to blindness, kidney disease, nerve disease, amputations, heart disease, and stroke.

What Causes Diabetes?

• Insulin, a hormone produced in the pancreas, does not properly convert glucose into energy.

The Breakdown

• Eat CARBOHYDRATES• CARBOHYDRATES>GLUCOSE• GLUCOSE>ENERGY

• In diabetics this process is hindered when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin to convert glucose into energy for the body to use.

2 Types of Diabetes

• Type 1 or insulin dependent

• Type 2 or non-insulin dependent

Type 1

• The immune system destroys and attacks insulin producing cells of the pancreas

• The individual therefore needs to inject themselves with insulin

• Their options

Type 2 Diabetes

• The bodies inability to make enough insulin or properly use insulin.

Type 2 Diabetes

• 80% of Type 2 diabetics are OVERWEIGHT

• Type 2 diabetes can usually be controlled by eating patterns

• Type 2 diabetes can be CURED with weight loss and a controlled diet

Arthritis

• Pain and swelling in joints and connective tissue throughout the body.

• “Inflammation of the Joints”

Rheumatoid Arthritis

• A destructive and disabling inflammation of the joints (hands, arms, hips, feet, and legs)

Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Hand

Osteoarthritis

• Primarily affects the weight-bearing joints of the knees and hips, causing aches and soreness especially when moving.

• Cartilage becomes pitted and frayed and eventually may wear away completely

Osteoarthritis of the Ankle

• There is currently no cure for arthritis

• Early detection • Proper care of your body at a

young age .• Caring for injuries properly