Non- infectious Disease

By: Ms. Pellicano

Vocabulary Noninfectious disease: diseases not cuased

by pathogens Allergy: disorder immune system overly

sensitive to foreign substance Allergy: substance causes allergy Histamine: chemical responsible for

symptoms of allergy Asthma: disease in which airways narrow Insulin: substance enables body to take

glucose from blood and use it as energy

Vocabulary Insulin: substance enables body to take

glucose from blood and use it as energy Diabetes: pancreas produces too little, or

doesn’t produce insulin properly Tumors: abnormal mass of cells Carcinogens: factors in environment that

cause cancer

Asthma, Allergies, Diabetes

Cannot be transmitted person to person Cardiovascular disease, cancer 2 leading

causes death Allergies Asthma Diabetes Not fatal, reappear frequently Cause an inflammatory response by body Asthma affects breathing Diabetes effects glucose levels

Allergies Sneeze a lot Pollen Dust Mold Pet dander Meds Get into body by inhaling, eating them,

touching them Histamines responsible for coughing,

rash, sneezing, runny eyes Antihistamines help adverse effects

Asthma Wheezing Coughing Shortness breath Stress Heavy exercise Tobacco smoke Air pollution Strong odors 20 million effected

Asthma continued

Muscles around airways tightenInner walls, red, swollenProduce mucusMake breathing difficultInhaler helps open airway

DiabetesDiabetesPancreas produces insulinHigh levels glucose in bodyNot enough in body cellsLose weightWeak, hungryThirstUrinate often1: childhood, little, no insulinNeed injectionsII: adults, pancreas doesn’t work rightControl symptoms through diet, weight control, exercise

Cancer develops

• Disease in which cells multiple uncontrollably

• Destroys healthy tissue• Treatments• surgery• radiation• drugs (chemo)• Can spread to blood, lymph

vessels• Unless stopped, spreads to

other parts of body

Causes/Treeatments

Hereditary Cigarette smoke Tumors- surgery Radiation, drugs Radiation: high energy waves to

kill cells Chemo-> drugs

Cancer prevention Avoiding carcinogens Smoke, sunlight Low fat diet Lots of fruits, veggies

Regular checkup s Black spot melanoma skin

cancer Avoid sunburn

Some Infectious Diseases You Should

KnowColdsFluStrep ThroatAthlete’s FootAIDS

Colds Illness caused by a viral infection

located in the respiratory system The cold virus multiplies and attacks

the mucous membranes of the nose and throat causing the common effects of the cold (sore throat, runny nose, fever…)

Cold can not be treated with an antibiotic because it is caused by a virus

Flu Influenza, commonly known as

“the flu”, is a highly contagious viral disease of the respiratory system

Typically causes fever, muscle aches, and a more severe cough than the common cold and usually lasts longer

Athlete’s foot Common fungal infection of the

skin of the feet May be contracted from public

environments Grows in the warm and moist

environment usually between the toes

Difficult to cure

AIDS Acquired immunodeficiency

syndrome (AIDS) Caused by the human

immunodeficiency virus (HIV) The virus attacks the cells in the

immune system making the organism unable to fight off other pathogens that may attack the body

Strep Throat Contagious disease caused by

bacterial infection Symptoms include fever, pain,

redness and swelling of the throat and tonsils

May produce mild or severe symptoms

Let’s follow the journey of a

pathogen as it attacks its victim!

What type of pathogen is Salmonella?

What was the source of the pathogen?

Salmonella is a bacterium

What is the first defense?

Source of the pathogenContaminated food

What does the body do next to try and get rid of the pathogen?

Stomach acid destroys some of the bacteria

Macrophages try to destroy the Salmonella

How does Salmonella attack the body?

Enters the cells of the villi and destroys them

The destroyed cells release distress chemicals

What causes the diarrhea?

How does Salmonella cause your body to ache?

The waves of peristalsis are so rapid that the large intestine is unable to absorb the water

Does the medicine kill the Salmonella?

The chemicals released from the cells leak into the blood stream and go into the muscle tissue

How does the immune system begin to respond to the Salmonella invasion?

The immune system identifies the pathogen and produces helper cells

Helper cells “help” the macrophages to do their job – destroy the Salmonella

Non-infectious Diseases

Not caused by pathogens in the body

Not spread from organism to organism

Non-infectious Diseases are caused by malfunctions in the body.Heredity – information you get

from your parentsThe environment – examples

are sun, radiation, chemicalsLifestyle choices – smoking,

drugs, alcohol

Types of Noninfectious Diseases

DiabetesAsthmaParkinson’s disease Skin Cancer

DiabetesA disease that results in

glucose (sugar) level being higher than normal.

It is caused by the person’s inability to either produce or use properly a natural chemical made in the body (pancreas) called insulin.

Diabetes may lead to

Kidney diseaseHeart diseaseVision problems

High levels of blood sugar lead to disorders

Like an increase in problems with circulation

Parkinson’s Disease

Disease of the nervous system that occurs when nerve cells in the brain stop functioning properly, affecting the muscular system

Parkinson’s Disease

Major symptomsSevere shaking (tremors)Disabilities involving

movementAt present, there is no cure

Skin Cancer

Disease in which skin cells found in the outer layers of the skin become damaged.

Factors that lead to Skin Cancer

Damaging ultraviolet rays (UV) from the sun or tanning beds

heredity

AsthmaAffects the lungs and the

airways that deliver air to the lungs

Causes periodic attacks of wheezing and difficulty breathing

Asthma attacks

Occur when the airways become inflamed in response to a stimulus, such as dust, mold, pets, exercise, or cold weather

Some attacks start for no apparent reason

Resources Body Story: Germs. Discovery Channel

School. 2002.unitedstreaming. 5 December 2006<http://www.unitedstreaming.com/>

www.a1organics.com/images/pathogens.jpg www.monografias.com/trabajos5/virus/Image166.gif www.uwlax.edu/.../Visuals/athletesfoot.jpg www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/.../paramecium1.gif www.fordogtrainers.com moon.ouhsc.edu www.wcasohio.org www.kidsplanet.org www.missouri.edu tiee.ecoed.net www.moea.state.mn.us colds.upmc.com