Non-fluencies in CommunicationMANAGERIAL COMMUNICATION IIM Kozhikode

WHAT……

What is Non-fluency

Disruption in the fluency of verbal expression

Involuntary repetitions or prolongations

Occur frequently and not readily controllable

Word Repetitions

Pauses

Interjections

Phrase Repetition

INTRODUCTION

Why Improve??

Relevance

College LifeProfessional

Life

English Non-fluencies

so and (pause) like you know

I mean uh aa ok basically umm (repeat) that was ya0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Non-fluencies in English

Count of people using the non-fluency Count of people aware

'So' and 'and' are the most commonly used non-fluencies, followed by 'like', 'you know' and 'I mean’.

Hindi Non-fluencies

uh (pause)

matlab aur toh haan thik hai oye hai na bhai (slang) ki phir accha samjha par phir bhi

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Non-fluencies in Hindi

Count of people using the non-fluency Count of people aware

Voiced pauses such as 'uh' were more common in Hindi.'Matlab' and 'aur' were the most commonly used non-fluencies.

Non-fluencies by Region

East North South West

81.5

71

43

20.2

English Non-fluencies by Region

Avera

ge c

ou

nt

of

Non

-flu

en

cies

East North South West

48

57.5

25.5

18.6

Hindi Non-fluencies by Region

Avera

ge c

ou

nt

of

Non

-flu

en

cies

West and South regions have the least number of non-fluencies in both languages

Non-fluencies by Gender

64%

36%

Hindi Non-fluencies by Gender

Males Females

41%

59%

English Non-fluencies by Gender

Males Females

Large proportion of males were from South Indian regions and not very familiar with

Hindi.

Defies general perception that females are more fluent.

Limitations due to small sample of females.

Non-fluencies by Comfort Level

Moderate High Low0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Non-fluencies by Comfort Level

Comfort Level

avera

ge n

um

ber

of

non

-flu

en

cie

s

Low comfort level individuals may not be very conscious.Limitations due to small sample size makes it difficult to generalize.

Literature Review

Maclay and Osgood: Common non-fluencies and their purpose

Goldman-Eisler: Hesitation and pausesClark and Fox: People treat non-fluencies as English words

Chomsky: Performance and non-fluencies

1959

1968

2002

2004

General Perception

Scope and Limitations

• Age Group – 21-26• First year students at IIM

Kozhikode• Language scope - English and

Hindi• Sample size - 25• Environmental limitation• Type of non-fluencies under

study – Pauses, Repetitions, Voiced pauses, Fillers

Reference

https://books.google.co.in/books?id=JArlCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA354&lpg=PA354&dq=definition+of+nonfluencies&source=bl&ots=W6wqIrcIGQ&sig=E4WD8saQr3iOSneb9shPrxJW7zw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDsQ6AEwBTgKahUKEwjevOqcm_rHAhVQWY4KHXpWBFQ#v=onepage&q=definition%20of%20nonfluencies&f=false